1、大学英语四级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）-试卷 203 及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. It is very common in college that m
2、any students are absent from the class and some teachers tend not to care about it. What do you think of this phenomenon?（分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：12，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.The police.B.The district lawyer.C.The prison authorities.D.Institute of Childhood
3、 and Family.A.To be imprisoned and fined.B.To have their children taken away.C.To be handed over to the authorities.D.None.A.0.4 percent.B.3.4 percent.C.4.4 percent.D.3 percent.A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.A.Engineer.B.Passengers.C.Architects.D.Workers of airport.A.Airports.B.Passengers.C.Architects.D.Companies.
4、A.Sleep boxes can be rented for different lengths of time.B.Renters of normal height can stand up inside.C.Bedding can be automatically changed.D.Renters can surf the Internet inside the box.5.Section B_A.Weather patterns that can affect Florida.B.How strong winds develop into a hurricane.C.Memories
5、 of a recent storm.D.Planning a summer vacation.A.Late summer is cloudy season.B.Late summer is hurricane season.C.Late summer is rainy season.D.Late summer is sunny season.A.Wind speed.B.Rainfall.C.Direction of approach.D.Water temperature.A.By month.B.By number.C.By location.D.By name.A.Because he
6、 just had a holiday.B.Because he resolved his problem.C.Because he finished the story.D.Because he got some new idea.A.Her professor did not like her story.B.She had trouble finishing her assignment.C.She did not like the topic she had chosen for her paper.D.She was taking too many courses.A.Take so
7、me extra time.B.Do writing exercise.C.Do some work for another course.D.Write the story ending first.A.To go shopping.B.To do research for her story.C.To meet with her professor.D.To take a break from her work.6.Section C_A.It should only be attempted by experienced researchers.B.It may cause resear
8、chers to avoid publishing good work.C.It is currently being done to excess.D.It can be useful in planning future research.A.The research has not been written in an interesting way.B.The research has been done in unimportant fields.C.The researchers did not adequately establish the relationships invo
9、lved.D.The researchers failed to provide an appropriate summary.A.It is more difficult than the students researchers may realize.B.The researcher should get help from other people.C.The questions should be brief so that they will be understood.D.It is important to follow formulas closely.A.In the wh
10、ite page.B.In the blue page.C.In the yellow page.D.In a special section.A.On the first page of the telephone book.B.At the end of the telephone book.C.In the front of the white page.D.Right after the white page.A.Check your number and call again.B.Tell the operator what has happened.C.Ask the operat
11、or to put you through.D.Ask the operator what has happened.A.College.B.High school.C.Sports event.D.Park.A.Johnny Bell.B.John Campbell.C.Johnny Campbell.D.Johnny Camp.A.In 1898.B.In 1938.C.In 1913.D.In 1930.A.They jump and dance in front of the crowd and shout the name of their team.B.Their job is t
12、o excite the crowd.C.They want their team to win the game.D.All of the above.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling 1, philosophers by selli
13、ng wisdom and priests by selling 2comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of 3good in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. There are times when we would 4give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we
14、might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. The conditions of society are such that 5have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell. Tramps(流浪汉)seem to be the only 6to this general rule. Beggars almost sell t
15、hemselves as human being to 7the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not 8their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. We often speak o
16、f tramps with 9and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little 10of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?A)arouse B)knowledge C)scored D)sacrificeE)material F)invulnerable G)spiritual H)anxiousI)envious J)willingly K)skill
17、s L)associateM)happiness N)exception O)contempt（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_A Loggers LamentA)My father was a logger. My husband is a logger. My sons will not be loggers. Loggers are an endangered species,but the environmental groups, w
18、hich so righteously protect endangered species in the animal kingdom, have no concern for their fellow human beings under siege. Loggers are a much misunderstood people, pictured as brutal rapists of our planet, out to denude it of trees and, as a result, of wildlife.B)It is time to set the record s
19、traight. Loggers take great pride in the old growth trees, the dinosaurs of the forests,and would be sorry to see them all cut. There are in the national forests in Washington and Oregon(not to mention other states)approximately 8.5 million acres of forested land,mostly old growth set aside,never to
20、 be used for timber production. In order to see it all,a man would have to spend every weekend and holiday for sixty years looking at timber at a rate of more than one-thousand acres per day. This does not include acreage to be set aside for spotted-owl protection.C)In addition to this amount of for
21、ested land never to be logged,the State of Washington forest Practices Act,established in 1973,specifies that all land that is clear-cut of trees must be replanted unless converted to some other use. As a tree farmer generally plants more trees per acre than he removes,more trees are being planted t
22、han are being cut. In the last twenty years in Clark County,Washington,alone,the Department of Natural Resources has overseen the planting of at least 15000 acres of previously unforested private lands.D)The term logger applies to the person harvesting trees. A tree farmer is the one who owns the la
23、nd and determines what is to be done with it. To a tree farmer, clear-cutting is no more than the final harvest of that generation of trees. The next spring,he reforests the land. To the public, clear-cutting is a bad word, Does the public cry shame when a wheat farmer harvests his crop and leaves a
24、 field of stubble in place of the beautiful wheat?E)In the Pacific Northwest,in five years,the nearly planted trees will grow taller than the farmers head: in ten years, more than fifteen feet tall: and in twenty to thirty years, the trees will be ready for the first commercial harvest. The farmer t
25、hen thins the trees to make room for better growth. In forty to fifty years,he will be ready to clear-cut his farm and replant again. Contrary to public opinion,it does not take three hundred years to grow a Douglas fir tree to harvestable age.F)Tree farming keeps us in wood products. We build with
26、wood,write on paper,and even use the unmentionable in the bathroom. But in order to keep this flow of wood products available,we need to keep it economically feasible to grow trees. If we restrict the tree-farming practices because we do not like clear-cuts or because some animals might(and probably
27、 might not)become extinct,or we restrict markets for the timber by banning log exports or overtax the farmer, we are creating a situation where the farmer will no longer grow trees. If he cannot make money,he will not tree-farm. He will sell his tree farm so that it can grow houses. The land that gr
28、ows trees is the natural resource: the trees are just a crop.G)Legislation is constantly being introduced to take away the private property rights of tree farmers. They are beleaguered by the public, who believe that any forest belongs to the public. Who, after all,buys the land and pays the taxes?
29、Who invests money in property that will yield them an income only once every twenty to thirty years? Would John Q. Public picnic in a farmer s wheat field?H)The tree farmer must have a diversified market. When there is a building slump in this country,it is vital to the industry to have an export ma
30、rket. Earlier recessions were devastating to tree farmers until markets were developed overseas. Some trees have little market value in the United States. The logs China and Korea bought in the late 1980s could not be sold here to cover the cost of delivery.I)As to the wildlife becoming extinct,that
31、 is a joke that is not very funny. Animals thrive in clear-cuts better than in old-growth timber. Look at the Mount St. Helens blast area. Nature created an immense clearing and now deer,elk,and other wildlife are returning in numbers. Why? Because there is more food growing in an open area than und
32、er the tall trees. And as for the spotted owl, surely the 8.5 million acres set aside is enough to maintain quite a respectable owl population. Numerous recent observations show that the owl lives in second-growth timber as well as in old growth. In the Wenatchee National Forest there are more than
33、two hundred fifty examples of spotted owls living in other than old-growth timber. The owl is a tool of the environmentalist groups to get what they want: the complete eradication of the species Logger.J)Consider the scenic value of a preserved old-growth forest versus a managed stand of timber. In
34、Glacier National Park,Montana,for example,which is totally untouched,one sees the old trees, the dead and dying trees,the windfalls crisscrossing the forest. In a managed forest,one sees the older stands with the forest floor cleared of the dead windfalls, leaving a more parklike setting. In the you
35、nger stands, one sees the beautiful new trees with their brilliant greens thrusting their tops to the sky and,in the clear-cuts,before the new trees obscure the view,one sees the huckleberry bushes with their luscious-tasting berries,the bright pink of fireweed and deer and elk feeding. True environ
36、mentalists husband the land:they do not let the crops stagnate and rot. Tree farming regenerates the trees and utilizes the product.（分数：20.00）(1).Tree farmers need an economical guarantee to keep the wood products markets run smoothly.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).The number that a logger plants trees is much
37、 larger than the number of trees removed.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).For the forestry, it is necessary to develop an export market in case of a building slump.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Animals live and multiply better in clear-cuts than in areas full of old trees.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).The environmental groups are n
38、ot concerned about loggers who are usually misunderstood by people.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).True environmentalists economize each acre, and will certainly not let the land be covered with rotted crops.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).In the Pacific Northwest, the planted trees will be cut and replanted again in forty
39、 to fifty years.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).Clear-cutting means differently to a tree farmer and the public.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).The owl is a helper for the environmentalist groups to eliminate loggers.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).The public think no forest belongs to the tree farmers who are supposed to be deprived
40、 of the private property rights.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Section C_There are people who are especially attracted to the notion of “climbing the ladder“ so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. In part, as a result of the work ethic, these people are internally “driven“
41、to work. Not infrequently, foreign visitors have observed that Americans spend an inordinate(过度的)amount of time working and, as a consequence, Americans have little time for leisure or personal relationships. In American English a new word “workaholic“ has been created to describe an individual who
42、is as addicted to work as an alcoholic(酒鬼)is to liquor. There are conflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally. Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are e
43、xtremely productive. The Americans culture values achievement, efficiency, and productiona workaholic supports these values. Despite the presence of workaholics, there is a growing realization in the United States that excessive work demands can be physically and mentally harmful. Many people have b
44、een rebelling against the work ethic, claiming that when a job is so important, personal relationships suffer and relaxation becomes secondary. Consequently there has been a shift in values, with more emphasis being given to personal relationships and non-work activities. Increased leisure time in t
45、he United States has not changed the idea that work and play are distinct activities. “There is a belief that it is desirable“ to work hard and play hard, and undesirable to combine the two. In many offices, stores and factories socializing among employees is discouraged. An employee under pressure at work often cannot afford to respond to social calls and visits. However, the amount of personal contact on the job depends on the nature of the work. People are ambivalent(矛盾的)toward work: it is, at the same time, glorified and belittled. In the words of former P
