1、大学英语四级 26 及答案解析(总分：746.56，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled How to Live a Colorful Life on Campus. You should write at least 120 words following the out line given below in Chinese: 1. 许多大学生希望自己的校园生活能够丰富多彩； 2. 有许多
2、方式可以丰富大学生活； 3. 对此你有什么建议？ （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Highways Early in the 20th century, most of the streets and roads in the U. S. were made of dirt, brick, and cedar wood blocks. Built for horse, carriage, and foot traffic, they were usually poorly cared for and too narrow to
3、accommodate(容纳) automobiles. With the increase in auto production, private turnpike(收费公路)companies, under local authorities began to spring up, and by 1921 there were 387,000 miles of paved roads. Many were built using specifications of 19 century Scottish engineers Thomas Telford and John Mac Adam
4、(for whom the macadam surface is named) , whose specifications stressed the importance of adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or commercial signs. During World War I, roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of truck
5、s. When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, after serving in the U. S. Armys first transcontinental motor convoy(车队) ,he noted: “The old convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germanys Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across
6、the land. “ It would take another war before the federal government would act on a national highway system. During World War II, a tremendous increase in trucks and new roads were required. The war demonstrated how critical highways were to the defense effort. Thirteen per cent of defense plants rec
7、eived all their supplies by truck, and almost all other plants shipped more than half of their products by vehicle. The war also revealed that local control of highways had led to a confusing variety of design standards. Even federal and state highways did not follow basic standards. Some states all
8、owed trucks up to 36,000 pounds, while others restricted anything over 7,000 pounds. A government study recommended a national highway system of 33,920 miles, and Congress soon passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944, which called for strict, centrally controlled design criteria. The interstate h
9、ighway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century. To build its 44,000-mile web of highways, bridge, and tunnels, hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out. Consider the many geographic features
10、of the country: mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers, desserts, and plains. Variables included the slope of the land, the ability of the pavement to support the load, the intensity of road use, and the nature of the underlying soil. Urban areas were another problem. Innovative designs of roadwa
11、ys, tunnels, bridges, overpasses, and interchanges that could run through or bypass urban areas soon began to weave their way across the country, forever altering the face of America. Long-span, segmented-concrete, cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs in Louisiana and the Sunshine Skyway in Flori
12、da, and remarkable tunnels like Fort McHenry in Maryland and Mt Baker in Washington, met many of the nations physical challenges. Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable, in
13、improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns. Today, the interstate system links every major city in the U. S. and the U. S. with Canada and Mexico. Built with safety in mind, the highways have wide lanes and shoulders, dividing medians or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves
14、 engineered for safe turns, and limited access. The death rate on highways is half that of all other U. S. roads (0. 86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads). By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods an
15、d services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provide people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits. Above all, the interstate system provides individuals with what they cherish mos
16、t personal freedom of mobility. The interstate system has been an essential element of the nations economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation: more than 75 percent of the nations freight deliveries arrive by truck; and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last
17、leg of the journey by vehicle. Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers. It has allowed the relocation of manufacturing plants and other
18、 industries from urban areas to rural. By the end of the century there was an immense network of paved roads, residential streets, expressways, and freeways built to support millions of vehicles. The highway system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vision and leadership. The year co
19、nstruction began he said: “Together, the united forces of our communication and transportation systems are dynamic elements in the very name we bear United States. Without them, we would be a mere alliance of many separate parts. “ （分数：71.00）(1).National standards for paved roads were in place by 19
20、21.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more sense than the two-lane highways of America.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).It was in the 1950s that the American government finally took action to build a national high-way system.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Many of the p
21、roblems presented by the countrys geographical features found solutions in innovative engineering projects.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).In spite of safety considerations, the death rate on interstate highways is still higher than that of other American roads.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).The interstate highway s
22、ystem provides access between major military installations in America.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Service stations, motels and restaurants promoted the development of the interstate highway system.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).The greatest benefit brought about by the interstate system was_.（分数：7.10）_(9).Trucks
23、 using the interstate highways deliver more than_.（分数：7.10）_(10).The interstate system was renamed after Eisenhower in recognition of_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Plan his budget carefullyB.Give her more information.C.Ask someone else for advice.D.Buy a gift for his girlfriend.
24、A.Shell have some chocolate cake.B.Shell take a look at the menu.C.Shell go without dessert.D.Shell prepare the dinner.A.The man can speak a foreign language.B.The woman hopes to improve her English.C.The woman knows many different languages.D.The man wishes to visit many more countries.A.Go to the
25、library.B.Meet the woman.C.See Professor Smith.D.Have a drink in the bar.A.She isnt sure when Professor Bloom will be back.B.The man shouldnt be late for his class.C.The man can come back sometime later.D.She can pass on the message for the man.A.He has a strange personality.B.Hes got emotional prob
26、lems.C.His illness is beyond cure.D.His behavior is hard to explain.A.The tickets are more expensive than expected.B.The tickets are sold in advance at half price.C.Its difficult to buy the tickets on the spot.D.Its better to buy the tickets beforehand.A.He turned suddenly and ran into a tree.B.He w
27、as hit by a fallen box from a truck.C.He drove too fast and crashed into a truck.D.He was trying to overtake the truck ahead of him.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.He has lost his job.B.His design studio has gone out of business.C.His clientele is declining.D.He has got a cut in pay.A.Six months.B.Ten
28、months.C.Two years.D.Five years.A.Tony rather likes his present job.B.Tony has been laid off as of April 30.C.It is very likely for Tony to return to his job in the summer.D.Some other employees have lost their jobs before Tony.A.He is not highly skilled.B.He has had several complaints lodged agains
29、t him.C.He is not able to get along with other designers.D.He has not been working there very long.A.Registration at a polytechnic.B.The length of his stay in this country to be allowed.C.The way to open a bank account in Britain.D.The course he intends to have next year.A.Six months.B.Ten months.C.
30、One year.D.One year and a half.A.Either a passport or a driving license.B.Both a passport and a driving license.C.A credit card.D.A students identity card.A.One of the students friends.B.The students parents.C.Either his employer or his university.D.Both his employer and his university.A.Because the
31、re are no signs to direct them.B.Because no tour guides are available.C.Because all the buildings in the city look alike.D.Because the university is everywhere in the city.A.They set their own exams.B.They select their own students.C.They award their own degrees.D.They organize their own laboratory
32、work.A.Most of them have a long history.B.Many of them are specialized libraries.C.They house more books than any other university library.D.They each have a copy of every book published in Britain.A.Very few of them are engaged in research.B.They were not awarded degrees until 1948.C.They have outn
33、umbered male students.D.They were not treated equally until 1881.A.Children dont get enough education in safety.B.Children are keen on dangerous games.C.The playgrounds are in poor condition.D.The playgrounds are overcrowded.A.They should help maintain the equipment.B.They should keep a watchful eye
34、 on their children.C.They should stop their children from climbing ladders.D.They should teach their children how to use the equipment.A.They tend to stay within shouting or running distance of their parents.B.They should be aware of the potential risks in the playground.C.They may panic in front of
35、 high playground equipment.D.They can be creative when they feel secure.A.The national department of education.B.School boards.C.Public schools in the United States.D.Local control of school.A.Public schools are not the same throughout the United States.B.The school board members are not professiona
36、l education.C.The federal department is not the same as a department of education in many other countries.D.The members of the school board serve without pay.A.He governs the local school district.B.He carries out policies of the governing board.C.He selects the superintendent of a school.D.He runs
37、the business of the school.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Would you (36) 1 that you are in the position of a parent. Would you allow your children to read any book they wanted without first checking its (37) 2? Would you take your children to see any film without first finding out whether it is (38) 3 f
38、or them? If your answer to these questions is “yes“, then you are just plain (39) 4. If your answer is “no“, then you are exercising your right as a parent to protect your children from what you consider to be (40) 5 influences. In other words, by acting as an (41) 6 yourself, you are (42) 7 that th
39、ere is a strong case for . Now, of course, you will say that it is one thing to exercise (43) 8 where children are concerned and quite another to do the same for adults. Children need protection and it is the parents responsibility to provide it. But what about adults? Arent they old enough to decid
40、e what is good for them? (44) 9. Censorship is for the good of society as a whole. Like the law, it contributes to the common good. Some people think that it is a shame that a censor should interfere with works of art. (45) 10. When laws are relaxed, dishonest people are given a chance to produce vi
41、rtually anything in the name of “art“. One of the great things that does is (46) 11. To argue in favour of absolute freedom is to argue in favour of anarchy. Society would really be the better if it were protected by correct . （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
42、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)Its no secret that many children would be healthier and happier with adoptive parents than with the parents that nature dealt them. Thats especially true of children who remain in abusive homes because the law blindly favors biological parents. It
43、s also true of children who suffer for years in foster homes (收养孩子的家庭) because of parents who cant or wont care for them but refuse to give up custody (监护) rights. Fourteen-year-old Kimberly Mays fits neither description, but her recent court victory could eventually help children who do. Kimberly h
44、as been the object of an angry custody battle between the man who raised her and her biological parents, with whom she has never lived. A Florida judge ruled that the teenager can remain with the only father shes ever known and that her biological parents have “no legal claim“ on her. The ruling, th
45、ough it may yet be reversed, sets aside the principle that biology is the primary determinant of parentage. Thats an important development, one thats long overdue. Shortly after birth in December 1978, Kimberly Mays and another infant were mistakenly switched and sent home with the wrong parents. Ki
46、mberlys biological parents, Ernest and Regina Twigg, received a child who died of a heart disease in 1988. Medical tests showed that the child wasnt the Twiggs own daughter, but Kimberly was, thus sparking a custody battle with Robert Mays. In 1989, the two families agreed that Mr. Mays would mainta
47、in custody with the Twiggs getting visiting rights. Those rights were ended when Mr. Mays decided that Kimberly was being harmed, The decision to leave Kimberly with Mr. Mays rendered her suit debated. But the judge made clear that Kimberly did have standing to sue (起诉) on her own behalf. Thus he made clear that she was more than just property to be handled as adults saw fit. Certainly, the biological link between parent and child is fundamental. But biological parents arent always preferable to adoptive ones, and b
