1、大学英语四级 21 及答案解析(总分：746.57，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to the president of your university. You should write at feast 120 words based on the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 学校教学应该注重学生学习方法的培养； 2. 学校应该丰富学生的校园生活。 （分数：
2、30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Man and Nature The balance of nature is a delicate system of checks and counter-checks. Nature has its own way of checking the life and distribution of the different organisms and helping their growth. An epidemic may be considered nature s way of checkin
3、g population growth. Man in his attempt to conquer nature and to utilize it to his advantage has interfered with the balance of nature, thereby creating problems of a complex nature. Nature s ways of maintaining the balance are intricate and not easily understood and man s application of his scienti
4、fic knowledge and techniques has upset this balance so much that today, being aware of the disastrous consequences, he takes measures against them. No animal or plant can live in isolation ,for different organisms are parts of a vast dynamic complex of living things. As no man or community is self-s
5、ufficient, no organism can live by itself. When man interferes with the interdependence and interrelationships of the different organisms, he is, in effect, upsetting their balanced relationships and his action can have a chain reaction. If we prevent fish eggs from being deposited in a pond, we are
6、 allowing an unchecked growth of weeds. The waterfowl which feeds on tadpoles will look for alternatives, thereby tending to upset these balanced relationships. It is important that for the preservation of beauty in nature the balance of nature is maintained. Man for his own survival has to make his
7、 peace with plant and animal life, the size and distribution of which he has interfered with. It is to be noted that in every plant and animal community there is a trend towards a balance between the different species. When each successive species is of the right number to maintain a constant popula
8、tion, a balance between the different species is maintained and this state is referred to as the climax stage. Man is forever upsetting the balance of the climax stage. He has added to the numbers of animals and plants that are useful to him. In the process he has unwittingly helped the increase in
9、the number of insects and vermin and as a result he has to wage a relentless war against them. If man continues to interfere with the balance of nature, it is possible that some animals and birds may soon become extinct. The indiscriminate hunting of whales has reduced the number of some species alm
10、ost to the verge of extinction and international laws have been drawn up to protect them. The balance of nature is to be maintained in order to prevent soil deterioration. Human intervention has altered the established relationship between the plants of an area and the soil of that area. Animals int
11、roduced by man, sheep and goats for example, have led to widespread soil deterioration. By cutting down trees or by practising unsuitable systems of agriculture, man destroys the crumb structure of soil, thereby making it susceptible to erosion. Soil erosion results in loss of soil fertility and mai
12、ntaining soil fertility is considered the biggest problem facing mankind apart from the prevention of war. The increase in world population and the growth of civilization have been the two major factors that have led man to cut down forests on an unprecedented scale and the erosion caused by the cut
13、ting down of huge areas of forests has resulted in floods on a scale hitherto unknown. Soil erosion can whittle away soil fertility and if adequate and effective measures are not taken it can become a menacing specter tearing at the prosperity of many countries. Pollution, in its different forms, in
14、terferes with the balance of nature. Water pollution affects natures balance in oceans, lakes and rivers. Man - made pollution of water is due to municipal sewage, dumping by factories and the depositing of pesticides. Solid wastes can permeate the soil and pollute lakes and rivers. Man has to adopt
15、 the philosophy of thrift by conserving natural resources and not destroying them by interfering with the balance of nature. He has to exploit natural resources, taking the environment as a whole. He has to practise fertilization, soil conservation and water management to make a balanced use of the
16、resources of nature possible. （分数：71.00）(1).Natures ways of maintaining the balance are simple and easily understood. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Man should take the philosophy of thrift by conserving natural resources and not destroying them. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The example of tadpoles, fish eggs and
17、 waterfowl is used to show that the activities of man could give rise to negative chain reactions. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).If man continues to interfere with the balance of nature, it is possible that man may soon become extinct. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).By upsetting the balance of the climax stage, ma
18、n will encourage the indiscriminate hunting of whales for food. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).The balance of nature can prevent soil deterioration. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Water pollution cant affect natures balance in oceans, rakes and rivers. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).The balance of nature is to be maintaine
19、d so as to prevent _ （分数：7.10）_(9).According to the passage, the peoples living of many countries could be seriously threatened by_ （分数：7.10）_(10).We learn from the passage that to maintain the balance, c of nature, we will have to_ （分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Two blocks.B.Five
20、 blocks.C.Three blocks.D.Four blocks.A.He suggests that she buy the sweater in another color.B.He suggests that she buy a jacket instead of the sweater.C.He suggests that she buy the sweater at its original price.D.He suggests that she buy the sweater on Friday.A.It was cleaned.B.There was a large s
21、ale.C.The employees had to work very late.D.There was a robbery.A.Be a bad boy.B.Eat too fast.C.Go to a game.D.Skip his lunch.A.A salesman.B.A telephone repairmanC.A plumber.D.An electrician.A.She didnt understand what Eva was saying.B.Eva should have been more active.C.Eva didnt seem to be nervous
22、at all during her presentation.D.Eva needs training in public speaking lessons.A.Whether to change his job.B.Asking for a higher salary.C.Accepting a new secretary.D.Getting a better position.A.He could help her with the problems.B.He could go out together with her.C.She should go out for a while.D.
23、She should do the problems herself.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.To make a business report to the woman.B.To be interviewed for a job in the womans company.C.To resign from his position in the womans company.D.To exchange stock market information with the woman.A.He is head of a small trading company
24、.B.He works in an international insurance company.C.He leads a team of brokers in a big company.D.He is a public relations officer in a small company.A.The woman thinks Mr. Saunders is asking for more than they can offer.B.Mr. Saunders will share one third of the womans responsibilities.C.Mr. Saunde
25、rs believes that he deserves more paid vacations.D.The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr. Saunders past experience. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A.A policeman is interviewing a witness.B.A police sergeant is interrogating a culprit.C.They are having a discus
26、sion about a criminal case.D.They are holding a court investigation of a crime.A.A man.B.A woman.C.A man and a woman.D.Two men.A.In her early twenties.B.Between twenty-five and thirty.C.Over thirty.D.Under twenty.A.Children dont get enough education in safety.B.Children are keen on dangerous games.C
27、.The playgrounds are in poor condition.D.The playgrounds are overcrowded.A.They should help maintain the equipment.B.They should keep a watchful eye on their children.C.They should stop their children from climbing ladders.D.They should teach their children how to use the equipment.A.They tend to st
28、ay within shouting or running distance of their parents.B.They should be aware of the potential risks in the playground.C.They may panic in front of high playground equipment.D.They can be creative when they feel secure.A.It is the smallest one of all the stars.B.It is the nearest one to the earth.C
29、.It is the biggest one of all the stars.D.It is the farthest one from the earth.A.The moon.B.Other planets.C.Both A and B.D.Neither A nor B.A.Do much research in many fields of science.B.Understand people in other countries better.C.Both A and B.D.Neither A nor B.A.The earth is a planet.B.Stars in t
30、he sky are actually as small as they look.C.Satellites are all made by men.D.Men can conquer other planets.A.Pleasing.B.Careful.C.Wonderful.D.Suitable.A.Egypt, Greece and Rome.B.The Mediterranean.C.Its highway for trade and diplomacy.D.All the lands on the shores of the Mediterranean.A.Ten decades.B
31、.A quarter of century.C.One decade.D.One-tenth of year.A.171 kilometres an hour.B.10 kilometres an hour.C.65 metres an hour.D.Some 17 kilometres an hour.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The lack of is the reason most people fail in attaining their goals. Many organizational analysts and (36) 1 consultants
32、 consider to be the (37) 2 key to success at both the organizational and (38) 3 level. Success (39) 4 comes easily on the first try. What (40) 5 the successful from the unsuccessful is (41) 6. Successful people also fail (42) 7 but they do not let their failures (43) 8 their spirit. (44) 9. And agai
33、n. And again. Until they succeed. (45) 10, usually passing the blame on to someone or something else, and learn nothing from their experience other than perfecting their scapegoating techniques. Successful people expect periodic s, learn what went wrong and why, dont waste time looking for someone t
34、o blame, make necessary adjustments, and try again. (46) 11. If you are not persistent, you will almost certainly fail. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)While traveling abroad, Mr. Jackson Frank ran short of
35、 money. So he wrote to his brother, asking for $ 500. “Send the money by telegram, “he wrote, “to the Fisher Bank in P.“ After a week he began calling at the Fisher Bank. He showed his passport. “Nothing has come for you, “he was told. This went on for two weeks and Mr. Frank got very worried. He se
36、nt a telegram to his brother, asking where the money was. There was no reply, and no money arrived for him. In the fourth week Mr. Frank was .arrested for failing to pay his hotel hill. His passport was taken from him. He tried to explain the problem, but no one believed him. He was sent to prison f
37、or six days. When he came out, he went immediately to the Fisher bank. The clerk he spoke to was a nevi man. “Have you received $ 500 for me? “he ask, “My name is Jackson Frank.“ The clerk checked his books. “Yes, Jackson, its here. It came by telegram. -let me see-oh, more than two months ago. We w
38、ondered where you were. “He showed Mr. Frank the order. The order read: “Pay Mr. Frank Jackson the sum of $ 500.“ “But my name is Jackson Frank, not Frank Jackson.“ “Oh, that s all right, sir. It was in our books under the letter J , but its your money. “The clerk laughed, “A human mistake, sir! We
39、re all human beings, arent we? And so we all make mistakes. A family name like Frank sounds strange to me.“ Mr. Frank was silent. He really wanted to hit somebody. At last he said, “A human mistakeis that what you call it? I think some humans need kicking.“ （分数：177.50）(1).Jackson didnt just go to hi
40、s brother and get some money because_.（分数：35.50）A.he was afraid to see his brotherB.he was in prison and was not allowed to go anywhereC.he was traveling in a foreign country and was far from his brotherD.he knew that his brother had no money(2).A week after he had written to his brother, Jackson be
41、gan_.（分数：35.50）A.telephoning the bankB.visiting the bankC.shouting at the clerks of the bankD.explaining his problem to the clerks of the bank(3).Jackson was arrested and sent to prison because_.（分数：35.50）A.his brother hadnt sent him any money and he couldnt pay his hotel billB.he had spent almost a
42、ll his money and couldnt pay his hotel billC.he had lost all his money and couldnt pay his hotel billD.his brother hadnt sent hint as much money as he asked for and he couldnt pay his hotel bill(4).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：35.50）A.The money did not reach tile Fisher Bank.B.The m
43、oney reached tile wrong bank.C.The money reached the bank after he was arrested.D.The money reached the bank before he was arrested.(5).The clerks put his name under the wrong letter_.（分数：35.50）A.through carelessness.B.because they were human beingsC.because he had a strange nameD.by pronouncing his
44、 name incorrectlyWe are all conditioned by the way we are brought up. Our values are determined by our parents, and in a larger sense, by the culture in which we live. The Chinese, for example, are not accustomed to the drinking of milk, and may actually become sick if they are compelled to drink a
45、glassful of the beverage. Americans, on the other hand, thrive on milk, although they have many taboos of their own. Some years ago I gave a dinner party during which I served a delicious hors doeuvre filled with a meat that tasted somewhat like chicken. My guests wondered what the meat was, but I r
46、efused to tell them until they had eaten their fill. I then explained that they had just dined on the flesh of freshly killed rattlesnake. The reaction was nausea-and in some cases violent vomiting. If I had served rattlesnake to a Chinese, he would doubtless had requested a second helping, for in C
47、hina the dish is considered a delicacy. Another interesting case is the young man I met recently in New York City. An American by birth, he had been removed from his native state of Oregon at the age of six months when his parents went to Japan as missionaries. Orphaned before his first birthday, he was reared by a Japanese family in a remote village. The young man was unmistakably American in appearance, with blond hair and blue eyes. But he had a Japanese style of walking, Japanese facial expressions, and he thought like a Japanese. Though
