1、大学英语六级真题 2017 年 12 月-(2)及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Help others, and you will be helped when you are in need.“ You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should
2、write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：2，分数：104.00)Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：52.00）A.Say a few words to thank the speaker.B.Introduce the speaker to the audience.C.Give a lectur
3、e on the history of the town.D.Host a talk on how to give a good speech.A.He was the founder of the local history society.B.He has worked with Miss Bligh for 20 years.C.He has published a book on public speaking.D.He joined the local history society when young.A.She was obviously better at talking t
4、han writing.B.She had a good knowledge of the town“s history.C.Her speech was so funny as to amuse the audience.D.Her ancestors came to the town in the 18th century.A.He read exactly what was written in his notes.B.He kept forgetting what he was going to say.C.He made an embarrassing remark.D.He was
5、 too nervous to speak up.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：52.00）A.What their retailers demand.B.What their rivals are doing.C.How they are going to beat their rivals.D.How dramatically the market is changing.A.They should be taken seriously.B.They are rapidly c
6、atching up.C.Their business strategy is quite effective.D.Their potential has been underestimated.A.She had given it to Tom.B.It simply made her go frantic.C.She had not seen it yet.D.It was not much of a big concern.A.Restructuring the whole company.B.Employing more forwarding agents.C.Promoting co
7、operation with Jayal Motors.D.Exporting their motorbikes to Indonesia.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：31.50)Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：31.50）A.It makes claims in conflict with the existing research.B.It focuses on the link between bedtime and
8、 nutrition.C.It cautions against the overuse of coffee and alcohol.D.It shows that “night owls“ work much less efficiently.A.They pay greater attention to food choice.B.They tend to achieve less than their peers.C.They run a higher risk of gaining weight.D.They stand a greater chance to fall sick.A.
9、Get up late.B.Sleep 8 hours a day.C.Exercise more.D.Go to bed earlier.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：42.00)Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：42.00）A.All of the acting nominees are white.B.It has got too much publicity on TV.C.It is prejudiced against foreign films.D.Only 7
10、% of the nominees are female.A.22 percent of movie directors were people of color.B.Half of the TV programs were ethnically balanced.C.Only one-fifth of TV shows had black characters.D.Only 3.4 percent of film directors were women.A.Non-white males.B.Program creators.C.Females of color over 40.D.Asi
11、an speaking characters.A.They constitute 17% of Hollywood movie characters.B.They are most underrepresented across TV and film.C.They contribute little to the U.S. film industry.D.They account for 8.5% of the U.S. population.七、Section C(总题数：3，分数：71.00)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording yo
12、n have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.One that can provide for emergency needs.B.One that can pay for their medical expenses.C.One that covers their debts and burial expenses.D.One that ensures a healthy life for their later years.A.Purchase insurance for their children.B.Save sufficient money for a rainy
13、day.C.Buy a home with a small down payment.D.Add more insurance on the breadwinner.A.When their children grow up and leave home.B.When they have saved enough for retirement.C.When their family move to a different place.D.When they have found better-paying jobs.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the rec
14、ording you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.They do more harm than good.B.They have often been ignored.C.They do not help build friendship.D.They may not always be negative.A.Biased sources of information.B.Ignorance of cultural differences.C.Misinterpretation of Shakespeare.D.Tendency to jump to conclu
15、sions.A.They are hard to dismiss once attached to a certain group.B.They may have a negative impact on people they apply to.C.They persist even when circumstances have changed.D.They are often applied to minorities and ethnic people.A.They impact people more or less in the same way.B.Some people are
16、 more sensitive to them than others.C.A positive stereotype may help one achieve better results.D.A negative stereotype sticks while a positive one does not.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Use some over-the-counter medicine instead.B.Quit taking the med
17、icine immediately.C.Take some drug to relieve the side effect.D.Ask your pharmacist to explain why it occurs.A.It may help patients fall asleep.B.It may lead to mental problems.C.It may cause serious harm to one“s liver.D.It may increase the effect of certain drugs.A.Tell their children to treat med
18、icines with respect.B.Keep medicines out of the reach of their children.C.Make sure their children use quality medicines.D.Ask their children to use legitimate medicines.八、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)九、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)The Pacific island nation of Palau has become home to the sixth larg
19、est marine sanctuary in the world. The new marine reserve, now the largest in the Pacific, will 1 no fishing or mining. Palau also established the world“s first shark sanctuary in 2009. The tiny island nation has set aside 500,000 square kilometres80 percentof its maritime 2 , for full protection. T
20、hat“s the highest percentage of an 3 economic zone devoted to marine conservation by any country in the world. The remaining 20 percent of the Palau seas will be reserved for local fishing by individuals and small-scale 4 fishing businesses with limited exports. “Island 5 have been among the hardest
21、 hit by the threats facing the ocean,“ said President Tommy Remengesau Jr. in a statement. “Creating this sanctuary is a bold move that the people of Palau recognise as 6 to our survival. We want to lead the way in restoring the health of the ocean for future generations.“ Palau has only been an 7 n
22、ation for twenty years and has a strong history of environmental protection. It is home to one of the world“s finest marine ecosystems, with more than 1,300 species of fish and 700 species of coral. Senator Hokkons Baules, lead 8 of the Palau National Marine Sanctuary Act, said the sanctuary will “h
23、elp build a 9 future for the Palauan people by honoring the conservation traditions of our past“. These include the centuries-old custom of “bul“, where leaders would call a temporary stop to fishing for key species in order to give fish 10 an opportunity to replenish (补充). A. allocate B. celebritie
24、s C. commercial D. communities E. essential F. exclusive G. independent H. indulge I. permit J. secure K. solitary L. spectacle M. sponsor N. stocks O. territory（分数：35.50）十、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Data sharing: An open mind on open dataA. It is a movement building steady momentum: a call to make re
25、search data, software code and experimental methods publicly available and transparent. A spirit of openness is gaining acceptance in the science community, and is the only way, say advocates, to address a “crisis“ in science whereby too few findings are successfully reproduced. Furthermore, they sa
26、y, it is the best way for researchers to gather the range of observations that are necessary to speed up discoveries or to identify large-scale trends. B. The open-data shift poses a confusing problem for junior researchers. On the one hand, the drive to share is gathering official steam. Since 2013
27、, global scientific bodies have begun to back policies that support increased public access to research. On the other hand, scientists disagree about how much and when they should share data, and they debate whether sharing it is more likely to accelerate science and make it more robust, or to intro
28、duce vulnerabilities and problems. As more journals and funders adopt data-sharing requirements, and as a growing number of enthusiasts call for more openness, junior researchers must find their place between adopters and those who continue to hold out, even as they strive to launch their own career
29、s. C. One key challenge facing young scientists is how to be open without becoming scientifically vulnerable. They must determine the risk of jeopardizing a job offer or a collaboration proposal from those who are wary ofor unfamiliar withopen science. And they must learn how to capitalize on the mo
30、vement“s benefits, such as opportunities for more citations and a way to build a reputation without the need for conventional metrics, such as publication in high-impact journals. D. Some fields have embraced open data more than others. Researchers in psychology, a field rocked by findings of irrepr
31、oducibility in the past few years, have been especially vocal supporters of the drive for more-open science. A few psychology journals have created incentives to increase interest in reproducible sciencefor example, by affixing an “open-data“ badge to articles that clearly state where data are avail
32、able. According to social psychologist Brian Nosek, executive director of the Center for Open Science, the average data-sharing rate for the journal Psychological Science , which uses the badges, increased tenfold to 38% from 2013 to 2015. E. Funders, too, are increasingly adopting an open-data poli
33、cy. Several strongly encourage, and some require, a date-management plan that makes data available. The US National Science Foundation is among these. Some philanthropic (慈善的) funders, including the Bill 2. Robots must obey humans, except where the order would conflict with law 1; and 3. Robots must
34、 act in self-preservation, unless doing so conflicts with laws 1 or 2. These laws are programmed into Asimov“s robots-they don“t have to think, judge, or value. They don“t have to like humans or believe that hurting them is wrong or bad. They simply don“t do it. The robot who rescues Spooner“s life
35、in I, Robot follows Asimov“s zero th law: robots cannot harm humanity (as opposed to individual humans) or allow humanity to come to harman expansion of the first law that allows robots to determine what“s in the greater good. Under the first law, a robot could not harm a dangerous gunman, but under
36、 the zero th law, a robot could kill the gunman to save other. Whether it“s possible to program a robot with safeguards such as Asimov“s laws is debatable. A word such as “harm“ is vague (what about emotional harm? Is replacing a human employee harm?), and abstract concepts present coding problems.
37、The robots in Asimov“s fiction expose complications and loopholes in the three laws, and even when the laws work, robots still have to assess situations. Assessing situations can be complicated. A robot has to identify the players, conditions, and possible outcomes for various scenarios. It“s doubtf
38、ul that a computer program can do thatat least, not without some undesirable results. A roboticist at the Bristol Robotics Laboratory programmed a robot to save human proxies (替身) called “H-bots“ from danger. When one H-bot headed for danger, the robot successfully pushed it out of the way. But when
39、 two H-bots became imperiled, the robot choked 42 percent of the time, unable to decide which to save and letting them both “die.“ The experiment highlights the importance of morality: without it, how can a robot decide whom to save or what“s best for humanity, especially if it can“t calculate survi
40、val odds?（分数：71.00）(1).What question does the example in the movie raise? A.Whether robots can reach better decisions. B.Whether robots follow Asimov“s zeroth law. C.How robots may make bad judgments. D.How robots should be programmed.（分数：14.20）A.B.C.D.(2).What does the author think of Asimov“s thre
41、e laws of robotics?（分数：14.20）A.They are apparently divorced from reality.B.They did not follow the coding system of robotics.C.They laid a solid foundation for robotics.D.They did not take moral issues into consideration.(3).What does the author say about Asimov“s robots?（分数：14.20）A.They know what i
42、s good or bad for human beings.B.They are programmed not to hurt human beings.C.They perform duties in their owners“ best interest.D.They stop working when a moral issue is involved.(4).What does the author want to say by mentioning the word “harm“ in Asimov“s laws?（分数：14.20）A.Abstract concepts are
43、hard to program.B.It is hard for robots to make decisions.C.Robots may do harm in certain situations.D.Asimov“s laws use too many vague terms.(5).What has the roboticist at the Bristol Robotics Laboratory found in his experiment?（分数：14.20）A.Robots can be made as intelligent as human beings some day.
44、B.Robots can have moral issues encoded into their programs.C.Robots can have trouble making decisions in complex scenarios.D.Robots can be programmed to perceive potential perils.十三、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Our world now moves so fast that we seldom stop to see just how far we have come in just a
45、few years. The latest iPhone 6s, for example, has a dual-core processor and fits nicely into your pocket. By comparison, you would expect to find a technological specification like this on your standard laptop in an office anywhere in the world. It“s no wonder that new applications for the Internet
46、of Things are moving ahead fast when almost every new device we buy has a plug on the end of it or a wireless connection to the internet. Soon, our current smartphone lifestyle will expand to create our own smart home lifestyle too. All researches agree that close to 25 billion devices, things and s
47、ensors will be connected by 2020 which incidentally is also the moment that Millennials (千禧一代) are expected to make up 75 percent of our overall workforce, and the fully connected home will become a reality for large numbers of people worldwide. However, this is just the tip of the proverbial iceber
48、g as smart buildings and even cities increasingly become the norm as leaders and business owners begin to wake up to the massive savings that technology can deliver through connected sensors and new forms of automation coupled with intelligent energy and facilities management. Online security camera
49、s, intelligent lighting and a wealth of sensors that control both temperature and air quality are offering an unprecedented level of control, efficiency, and improvements to what were once classed necessary costs when running a business or managing a large building. We can expect that the ever-growing list of devices, systems and environments remain connected, always online and talking to each other. The big benefit will not only be in the housing of this enormous and rapidly growing amo
