1、大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）-试卷 203及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Section C（分数：10.00）_A blind baby is doubly handicapped. Not only is it unable to see, but because it cannot receive the visual stimulus from its environment that a sighte
2、d child does, it is likely to be slow in intellectual development. Now the ten-month old son of Dr. and Mrs. Dennis Daughters is the subject of an unusual psychological experiment designed to prevent a lag in the learning process. With the aid of a sonar-type electronic device that he wears on his h
3、ead, infant Dennis is learning to identify the people and objects in the world around him by means of echoes. The device is a refinement of the “Sonicguide“, an instrument produced by Telesensory Systems, Inc., of Palo Alto, Calif., and used by blind adults in addition to a sane or guide dog. As ada
4、pted for Dennis, it consists of a battery-powered system about the size of a half dollar that is on a headgear. A transmitter emits an ultrasonic pulse that creates an 80 degree cone of sound at 6 feet. Echoes from objects within the cone are perceived as sounds that vary in pitch and volume with th
5、e size and distance of the object. The closer an object is, the lower the pitch, and the larger the object, the louder the signal. Hard surfaces produce a sharp ping, while soft ones send back signals with a slightly fuzzy quality. An object slightly to the right of Dennis sends back a louder sound
6、to his right ear than to the left. Thus, by simply moving his head right and left and up and down, he can not only locate an object but also get some notion of its shape and size, thanks to the varying qualities of sounds reaching his ears as the cone of ultrasound passes its edges. Dennis likes to
7、use the device to play a kind of peek-a-boo with his mother. Standing on her knee and facing her directly, he receives a strong signal in both ears. By turning his head away, he makes her seem to disappear. From the first time he wore it,“ says Mrs. Daughters, “it was like a light going on in his he
8、ad.“ What remains to be determined is how well the device will help Dennis cope with his surroundings as he begins to walk and venture further into his environment. Meanwhile, Telesensory, Inc. is working on the development of sonar device with somewhat the same sensitivity as Denniss for use by sch
9、ool-age children.（分数：10.00）(1).The research involving infant Dennis is directed to _.（分数：2.00）A.helping the blind to see and learn as well as othersB.facilitating the learning process of blind childrenC.solving blind childrens psychological problemsD.finding out how children develop intellectually(2
10、).Infant Dennis becomes the subject of the experiment most probably because _.（分数：2.00）A.he already lags behind the sighted childrenB.he leads a life as normal as any other childrenC.he is at the early stage of the learning processD.he has the aid of a sonar-type electronic device(3).What can we lea
11、rn about infant Dennis device?（分数：2.00）A.Its prototype was designed for blind adults.B.Its battery is as small as a half-dollar coin.C.It is functionally similar to a sane and guide dog.D.It has been improved by Telesensory Systems, Inc.(4).“its edges“(Line 11, Para. 2)refers to_.（分数：2.00）A.the edge
12、 of an objectB.the edge of the deviceC.the boundary of Dennis movementD.the boundary of the sound pitch(5).What is Telesensory Systems, Inc. most likely to think about infant Dennis device?（分数：2.00）A.It had better be used by blind children from school age.B.It needs improving for use in a complicate
13、d environmentC.It may not be so suitable for the blind adults.D.It benefits blind children in terms of learning.Frustrated with delays in Sacramento, Bay Area officials said Thursday they planned to take matters into their own hands to regulate the regions growing pile of electronic trash. A San Jos
14、e councilwoman and a San Francisco supervisor said they would propose local initiatives aimed at controlling electronic waste if the California law-making body fails to act on two bills stalled in the Assembly. They are among a growing number of California cities and counties that have expressed the
15、 same intention. Environmentalists and local governments are increasingly concerned about the toxic hazard posed by old electronic devices and the cost of safely recycling those products. An estimated 6 million televisions and computers are stocked in California homes, and an additional 6,000 to 7,0
16、00 computers become outdated every day. The machines contain high levels of lead and other hazardous substances, and are already banned from California Landfills(垃圾填埋场). Legislation by Senator Byron Sher would require consumers to pay a recycling fee of up to $30 on every new machine containing a ca
17、thode(阴极)ray tube. Used in almost all video monitors and televisions, those devices contain four to eight pounds of lead each. The fees would go toward setting up recycling programs, providing grants to non-profit agencies that reuse the tubes and rewarding manufacturers that encourage recycling. A
18、separate bill by Los Angeles-area Senator Gloria Romero would require high-tech manufacturers to develop programs to recycle so-called e-waste. If passed, the measures would put California at the forefront of national efforts to manage the refuse of the electronic age. But high-tech groups, includin
19、g the Silicon Valley Manufacturing Group and the American Electronics Association, oppose the measures, arguing that fees of up to $30 will drive consumers to online, out-of-state retailers. “What really needs to occur is consumer education. Most consumers are unaware theyre not supposed to throw co
20、mputers in the trash,“ said Roxanne Gould, vice president of government relations for the electronics association. Computer recycling should be a local effort and part of residential waste collection programs, she added. Recycling electronic waste is a dangerous and specialized matter, and environme
21、ntalists maintain the state must support recycling efforts and ensure that the job isnt contracted to unscrupulous(毫无顾忌的)junk dealers who send the toxic parts overseas. “The graveyard of the high-tech revolution is ending up in rural China,“ said Ted Smith, director of the Silicon Valley Toxics Coal
22、ition. His group is pushing for an amendment to Shers bill that would prevent the export of e-waste.（分数：10.00）(1).What step were Bay Area officials going to take regarding e-waste disposal?（分数：2.00）A.Exert pressure on manufacturers of electronic devices.B.Lay down relevant local regulations themselv
23、es.C.Lobby the lawmakers of the California Assembly.D.Rally support to pass the stalled bills.(2).The two bills stalled in the California Assembly both concern_.（分数：2.00）A.regulations on dumping hazardous substances into landfillsB.the sale of used electronic devices to foreign countriesC.the fundin
24、g of local initiatives to reuse electronic trashD.the reprocessing of the huge amounts of electronic waste in the state(3).Consumers are not supposed to throw used computers in the trash because _.（分数：2.00）A.they contain large amounts of harmful substancesB.this is banned by the California governmen
25、tC.some parts may be recycled for use elsewhereD.unscrupulous dealers will retrieve them for profit(4).High-tech groups believe that if an extra $30 is charged on every TV or computer purchased in California, consumers will _.（分数：2.00）A.abandon online shoppingB.buy them from other statesC.strongly p
26、rotest against such a chargeD.hesitate to upgrade their computers(5).We learn from the passage that much of Californias electronic waste has been_.（分数：2.00）A.collected by non-profit agenciesB.dumped into local landfillsC.exported to foreign countriesD.recycled by computer manufacturersThe human crit
27、erion for perfect vision is 20/20 for reading the standard lines on a Snellen eye chart without a hitch. The score is determined by how well you read lines of letters of different sizes from 20 feet away. But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far
28、as other species are concerned. Most birds would consider us very visually handicapped. The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. It can make fine visual distinctions because it is blessed with one million c
29、ones per square millimeter in its retina(视网膜). And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae(凹窝)-areas of the eye, consisting mostly of cones, that provide visual distinctions. One
30、fovea permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. Once it hits the water, the other fovea joins in, allowing the kingfisher to focus both eyes, like binoculars, on its prey at the same time. A frogs vision is distinguished by i
31、ts ability to perceive things as a constant motion picture. Known as “bug detectors“, a highly developed set of cells in a frogs eyes responds mainly to moving objects. So, it is said that a frog sitting in a field of dead bugs wouldnt see them as food and would starve. The bee has a “compound“ eye,
32、 which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots, or mosaic. With this kind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus, the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of
33、its line of flight in relation to the sun. A bees eye also gauges flight speed. And if that is not enough to leave our 20/20 “perfect vision“ paling into insignificance, the bee is capable of seeing something we cantultraviolet light. Thus, what humans consider to be “perfect vision“ is in fact rath
34、er limited when we look at other species. However, there is still much to be said for the human eye. Of all the mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy the pleasures of color vision.（分数：10.00）(1).The Snellen eye chart measures ones eyesight by _.（分数：2.00）A.the number of lines he readsB.the
35、distance he stands away from the chartC.the speed at which he recognizes the lettersD.several integrative factors(2).How is hawks eyesight better than ours?（分数：2.00）A.It can identify small items more quickly than we do.B.It can see at a longer distance than we do.C.It has more cones in the retina th
36、an we do.D.It has bigger eyes than we do.(3).Monocular vision enables the kingfisher to _.（分数：2.00）A.avoid farsightednessB.be able to see underwaterC.move one eye at a timeD.focus its eyes on the prey(4).A bee finds its direction by _.（分数：2.00）A.dividing what it sees into thousands of dotsB.constant
37、ly gauging its flying speedC.using the sun as a constant point of referenceD.measuring the angle of the sun(5).What is the main idea of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The differences between human eyes and other species eyes.B.The advantages of other species eyes in comparison with human eyes.C.The factors
38、that make other species eyes better than human eyes.D.The standard that determines the “perfect vision“ of human eyes.A new high-performance contact lens under development at the department for applied physics at the University of Heidelberg will not only correct ordinary vision defects but will enh
39、ance normal night vision as much as five times, making peoples vision sharper than that of cats. Bille and his team work with an optical instrument called an active mirrora device used in astronomical telescopes to spot newly emerging stars and far distant galaxies. Connected to a wave-front sensor
40、that tracks and measures the course of a laser beam into the eye and back, the aluminum mirror detects the deficiencies of the cornea, the transparent protective layer covering the lens of the human eye. The highly precise data from the two instrumentswhich, Bille hopes, will one day be found at the
41、 opticians(眼镜商)all over the worldserve as a basis for the production of completely individualized contact lenses that correct and enhance the wearers vision. By day, Billes contact lenses will focus rays of light so accurately on the retina(视网膜)that the image of a small leaf or the outline of a far
42、distant tree will be formed with a sharpness that surpasses that of conventional vision aids by almost half a diopter(屈光度). At night, the lenses have an even greater potential. “Because the new lensin contrast to the already existing onesalso works when its dark and the pupil is wide open,“ says Bil
43、le, “lens wearers will be able to identify a face at a distance of 100 meters“80 meters farther than they would normally be able to see. In his experiments night vision was enhanced by an even greater factor: in semi-darkness, test subjects could see up to 15 times better than without the lenses. Bi
44、lles lenses are expected to reach the market in the year 30, and one tentative plan is to use the Internet to transmit information on patients visual defects from the optician to the manufacturer, who will then produce and mail the contact lenses within a couple of days. The physicist expects the le
45、nses to cost about a dollar a pair, about the same as conventional one-day disposable lenses.（分数：10.00）(1).The new contact lens is meant for _.（分数：2.00）A.those with vision defectsB.astronomical observationsC.the night blindD.optical experiments(2).What do the two instruments mentioned in the second
46、paragraph refer to?（分数：2.00）A.The astronomical telescope and the wave-front sensor.B.The aluminum mirror and the wave-front sensor.C.The aluminum mirror and the laser beam.D.The active mirror and the contact lens.(3).Individualized contact lenses are lenses designed _.（分数：2.00）A.to work like an astr
47、onomical telescopeB.to process extremely accurate dataC.to suit the wearers specific needsD.to test the wearers eyesight(4).According to Bille, with the new lenses the wearers vision _.（分数：2.00）A.will be sharper by a much greater degree at night than in the daytimeB.can be better improved in the day
48、time than at nightC.may be broadened about 15 times than without themD.will be far better at night than in the daytime(5).Which of the following is true about Billes lenses?（分数：2.00）A.They will be sold at a very low price.B.Their production process is complicated.C.Purchase orders can be made through the Internet.D.They have to be replaced every day.大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）-试卷 203答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_解析：2.Section C（分数：10.00）_
