1、大学英语六级卷二真题 2013 年 6 月及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：142.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “Earth provides enough to satisfy every mans need, but not every mans greed.“ You can cite examples to illustrate yo
2、ur point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.（分数：142.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Welcome, Freshmen. Have an iPod. Taking a step that many professors may view as a bit counterproductive, some colleges and universities are doling out Apple iPhones and Internet-ca
3、pable iPods to their students. The always-on Internet devices raise some novel possibilities, like tracking where students gather together. With far less controversy, colleges could send messages about canceled classes, delayed buses, campus crises or just the cafeteria menu. While schools emphasize
4、 its usefulness-online research in class and instant polling of students, for example - a big part of the attraction is, undoubtedly, that the iPhone is cool and a hit with students. Being equipped with one of the most recent cutting-edge IT products could just help a college or university foster a
5、cutting-edge reputation. Apple stands to win as well, hooking more young consumers with decades of technology purchases ahead of them. The lone losers, some fear, could be professors. Students already have laptops and cell phones, of course, but the newest devices can take class distractions to a ne
6、w level. They practically beg a user to ignore the long-suffering professor struggling to pass on accumulated wisdom from the front of the room - a prospect that teachers find most irritating and students view as, well, inevitable. “When it gets a little boring, I might pull it out,“ acknowledged Na
7、omi Pugh, a first-year student at Freed- Hardeman University in Henderson, Tenn., referring to her new iPod Touch, which can connect to the Internet over a campus wireless network. She speculated that professors might try even harder to make classes interesting if they were to compete with the devic
8、es. Experts see a movement toward the use of mobile technology in education, though they say it is in its infancy as professors try to come up with useful applications. Providing powerful hand-held devices is sure to fuel debates over the role of technology in higher education. “We think this is the
9、 way the future is going to work,“ said Kyle Dickson, co-director of research and the mobile learning initiative at Abilene Christian University in Texas, which has bought more than 600 iPhones and 300 iPods for students entering this fall. Although plenty of students take their laptops to class, th
10、ey dont take them everywhere and would prefer something lighter. Abilene Christian settled on the devices after surveying students and finding that they did not like hauling around their laptops, but that most of them always carried a cell phone, Dr. Dickson said. It is not clear how many colleges a
11、nd universities plan to give out iPhones and iPods this fall; officials at Apple were unwilling to talk about the subject and said that they would not leak any institutions plans. “We cant announce other peoples news,“ said Greg Joswiak, vice president of iPod and iPhone marketing at Apple. He also
12、said that he could not discuss discounts to universities for bulk purchases. At least four institutions - the University of Maryland, Oklahoma Christian University, Abilene Christian and Freed-Hardeman- have announced that they will give the devices to some or all of their students this fall. Other
13、universities are exploring their options. Standford University has hired a student-run company to design applications like a campus map and directory for the iPhone. It is considering whether to issue iPhones but not sure its necessary, noting that more than 700 iPhones were registered on the univer
14、sitys network last year. At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, iPhones might already have been everywhere, if AT it would sometimes take the (42) 7 in developing or changing the topic and would have a (43) 8 of its own. The machine would convey presence. We have all seen how a computers use
15、of personal names (44) 9. Such features arc easily written into the software. (45) 10. Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend (46) 11. At an appropriate time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy.（分数：71.5
16、0）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Part IV Reading Comp(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Oil is the substance that lubricates the worlds economy. Because so many of our modern technologies and services depend on oil,
17、nations, corporations, and institutions that control the trade in oil exercise extraordinary power. The “energy crisis“ of 1973-1974 in the United States demonstrated how the price of oil can affect US government policies and the energy-using habits of the nation. By 1973, domestic US sources of oil
18、 were peaking, and the nation was importing more of its oil, depending on a constant flow from abroad to keep cars on the road and machines running. In addition, at that time a greater percentage of homes and electrical plants were run on petroleum than today. Then, in 1973, the predominantly Arab n
19、ations of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) resolved to stop selling oil to the United States. The move was prompted by OPECs desire to raise prices by restricting supply and by its opposition to US support of Israel in the Arab-Israeli Yom Kippur War. The embargo (禁运) created
20、 panic in the West and caused oil prices to shoot up. Short-term oil shortage drove American consumers to wait in long lines at gas pumps. In response to the embargo, the US government enforced a series of policies designed to reduce reliance on foreign oil. These included developing additional dome
21、stic sources (such as those on Alaskas North Slope), resuming extraction at sites that had been shut down because of cost inefficiency, capping the price that dometic producers could charge for oil, and beginning to import oil from a greater diversity of nations. The government also established a st
22、ockpile (贮存) of oil as a short-term buffer (缓冲) against future shortages. Stored underground in large salt caves in Louisiana, this stockpile is called the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and currently contains over 600 million barrels of oil, roughly equivalent to one months supply.（分数：35.50）(1).We le
23、arn from the passage that in todays world, whoever monopolizes the oil market will be able to _.（分数：7.10）_(2).Oil prices may exert influence not only on American government policies but on how energy _.（分数：7.10）_(3).Besides the sharp increase in oil prices, OPECs 1973 oil embargo caused _.（分数：7.10）_
24、(4).Over the years before the OPECs embargo America had depended heavily on _.（分数：7.10）_(5).As a measure to counter future shortages, the American government decided to _ in caves underground.（分数：7.10）_八、Section B(总题数：2，分数：142.50)Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. “De
25、pression“ is more than a serious economic downturn. What distinguishes a depression from a harsh recession is paralyzing fear - fear of the unknown so great that it causes consumers, businesses, and investors to retreat and panic. They save up cash and desperately cut spending. They sell stocks and
26、other assets. A shattering loss of confidence inspires behavior that overwhelms the normal self-correcting mechanisms that usually prevent a recession from becoming deep and prolonged: a depression. Comparing 1929 with 2007-09, Christina Romer, the head of President Obamas Council of Economic Advise
27、rs, finds the initial blow to confidence far greater now than then. True, stock prices fell a third from September to December 1929, but fewer Americans then owned stocks. Moreover, home prices barely dropped. From December 1928 to December 1929, total household wealth declined only 3%. By contrast,
28、 the loss in household wealth between December 2007 and December 2008 was 17%. Both stocks and homes, more widely held, dropped more. Thus traumatized (受到创伤) the economy might have gone into a free fall ending in depression. Indeed, it did go into free fall. Shoppers refrained from buying cars, appl
29、iances, and other big-ticket items. Spending on such “durables“ dropped at a 12% annual rate in 2008s third quarter, a 20% rate in the fourth. And businesses shelved investment projects. That these huge declines didnt lead to depression mainly reflects, as Romer argues, countermeasures taken by the
30、government. Private markets for goods, services, labor, and securities do mostly self-correct, but panic feeds on itself and disarms these stabilizing tendencies. In this situation, only government can protect the economy as a whole, because most individuals and companies are involved in the self-de
31、feating behavior of self-protection. Governments failure to perform this role in the early 1930s transformed recession into depression. Scholars will debate which interventions this time- the Federal Reserves support of a failing credit system, guarantees of bank debt, Obamas stimulus“ plan and bank
32、 “stress test“ - counted most in preventing a recurrence. Regardless, all these complex measures had the same psychological purpose: to reassure people that the free fall would stop and, thereby, curb the fear that would perpetuate (使持久) a free fall. All this improved confidence. But the consumer se
33、ntiment index remains weak, and all the rebound has occurred in Americans evaluation of future economic conditions, not the present. Unemployment (9.8%) is abysmal (糟透的) , the recoverys strength unclear. Here, too, there is an echo from the 1930s. Despite bottoming out in 1933, the Depression didnt
34、end until World War II. Some government policies aided recovery; some hindered it. The good news today is that the bad news is not worse.（分数：71.25）(1).Why do consumers, businesses and investors retreat and panic in times of depression? （分数：14.25）A.They suffer great losses in stocks, property and oth
35、er assets.B.They find the self-correcting mechanisms dysfunctioning.C.They are afraid the normal social order will be paralyzed.D.They dont know what is going to happen in the future.(2).What does Christina Romer say about the current economic recession?（分数：14.25）A.Its severity is no match for the G
36、reat Depression of 1929.B.Its initial blow to confidence far exceeded that of 1929.C.It has affected house owners more than stock holders.D.It has resulted in a free fall of the prices of commodities.(3).Why didnt the current recession turn into a depression according to Christina Romer? （分数：14.25）A
37、.The government intervened effectively.B.Private markets corrected themselves.C.People refrained from buying durables and big-ticket items.D.Individuals and companies adopted self-protection measures.(4).What is the chief purpose of all the countermeasures taken?（分数：14.25）A.To create job opportuniti
38、es.B.To curb the fear of a lasting free fall.C.To stimulate domestic consumption.D.To rebuild the credit system.(5).What does the author think of todays economic situation? （分数：14.25）A.It may worsen without further stimulation.B.It will see a rebound sooner or later.C.It has not gone from bad to wor
39、se.D.It does not give people reason for pessimism.Passage Two Questions 57 to 62 are based on the following passage. “Usually when we walk through the rain forest we hear a soft sound from all the moist leaves and organic debris on the forest floor,“ says ecologist Daniel Nepstad. “Now we increasing
40、ly get rustle and crunch. Thats the sound of a dying forest.“ Predictions of the collapse of the tropical rain forests have been around for years. Yet until recently the worst forecasts were almost exclusively linked to direct human activity, such as clear-cutting and burning for pastures or farms.
41、Left alone, it was assumed, the worlds rain forests would not only flourish but might even rescue us from disaster by absorbing the excess carbon dioxide and other planet-warming greenhouse gases. Now it turns out that may be wishful thinking. Some scientists believe that the rise in carbon levels m
42、eans that the Amazon and other rain forests in Asia and Africa may go from being assets in the battle against rising temperatures to liabilities. Amazon plants, for instance, hold more than 100 billion metric tons of carbon, equal to 15 years of tailpipe and chimney emissions. If the collapse of the
43、 rain forests speeds up dramatically, it could eventually release 3.5-5 billion metric tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year - making forests the leading source of greenhouse gases. Uncommonly severe droughts brought on by global climate changes have led to forest-eating wildfires from Austra
44、lia to Indonesia, but nowhere more acutely than in the Amazon. Some experts say that the rain forest is already at the brink of collapse. Extreme weather and reckless development arc plotting against the rain forest in ways that scientists have never seen. Trees need more water as temperatures rise,
45、 but the prolonged droughts have robbed them of moisture, making whole forests easily cleared of trees and turned into farmland. The picture worsens with each round of El Nino, the unusually warm currents in the Pacific Ocean that drive up temperatures and invariably presage (预示) droughts and fires
46、in the rain forest. Runaway fires pour even more carbon into the air, which increases temperatures, starting the whole vicious cycle all over again. More than paradise lost, a perishing rain forest could trigger a domino effect - sending winds and rains kilometers off course and loading the skies wi
47、th even greater levels of greenhouse gases - that will be felt far beyond the Amazon basin. In a sense, we are already getting a glimpse of whats to come. Each burning season in the Amazon, fires deliberately set by frontier settlers and developers hurl up almost half a billion metric tons of carbon a year, placing Brazil among the top five contributors to greenhouse gases in the world.（分数：71.25）(1).We learn from t
