1、大学英语六级卷一真题 2017 年 6 月及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions:Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 wo
2、rds. （分数：106.50）_二、Part II Listening Co(总题数：2，分数：56.80)Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.He would feel insulted.B.He would feel very sad.C.He would be embarrassed.D.He would be disappointed.A.They are worthy of a prize.B.They are of little value.C.They m
3、ake good reading.D.They need improvement.A.He seldom writes a book straight through.B.He writes several books simultaneously.C.He draws on his real-life experiences.D.He often turns to his wife for help.A.Writing a book is just like watching a football match.B.Writers actually work every bit as hard
4、 as footballers.C.He likes watching a football match after finishing a book.D.Unlike a football match, there is no end to writing a book.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.Achievements of black male athletes in college.B.Financial assistance to black athl
5、etes in college.C.High college dropout rates among black athletes.D.Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes.A.They display great talent in every kind of game.B.They are better at sports than at academic work.C.They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies.D.They make money for the
6、 college but often fail to earn a degree.A.About 15%.B.Around 40%.C.Slightly over 50%.D.Approximately 70%.A.Coaches lack the incentive to graduate them.B.College degrees do not count much to them.C.They have little interest in academic work.D.Schools do not deem it a serious problem.三、Section B(总题数：
7、2，分数：49.70)Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.40）A.Marketing strategies.B.Holiday shopping.C.Shopping malls.D.Online stores.A.About 50% of holiday shoppers.B.About 20-30% of holiday shoppers.C.About 136 million.D.About 183.8 million.A.They have fewer customers.B.Th
8、ey find it hard to survive.C.They are thriving once more.D.They appeal to elderly customers.A.Better quality of consumer goods.B.Higher employment and wages.C.Greater varieties of commodities.D.People having more leisure time.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.30）
9、A.They are new species of big insects.B.They are overprescribed antibiotics.C.They are life-threatening diseases.D.They are antibiotic-resistant bacteria.A.Antibiotics are now in short supply.B.Many infections are no longer curable.C.Large amounts of tax money are wasted.D.Routine operations have be
10、come complex.A.Facilities.B.Expertise.C.Money.D.Publicity.四、Section C(总题数：3，分数：142.00)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.（分数：42.60）A.It is accessible only to the talented.B.It improves students ability to think.C.It starts a lifelong learning process.D.It gives birth t
11、o many eminent scholars.A.They encourage academic democracy.B.They promote globalization.C.They uphold the presidents authority.D.They protect students rights.A.His thirst for knowledge.B.His eagerness to find a job.C.His contempt for authority.D.His potential for leadership.Questions 19 to 22 are b
12、ased on the recording you have just heard.（分数：56.80）A.Few people know how to retrieve information properly.B.People can enhance their memory with a few tricks.C.Most people have a rather poor long-term memory.D.People tend to underestimate their mental powers.A.They present the states in a surprisin
13、gly different order.B.They include more or less the same number of states.C.They are exactly the same as is shown in the atlas.D.They contain names of the most familiar states.A.Focusing on what is likely to be tested.B.Having a good sleep the night before.C.Reviewing your lessons where the exam is
14、to take place.D.Making sensible decisions while choosing your answers.A.Discover when you can learn best.B.Change your time of study daily.C.Give yourself a double bonus afterwards.D.Follow the example of a marathon runner.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.（分数：42.60）A
15、.He is a politician.B.He is a businessman.C.He is a sociologist.D.He is an economist.A.In slums.B.In Africa.C.In pre-industrial societies.D.In developing countries.A.They have no access to health care, let alone entertainment or recreation.B.Their income is less than 50% of the national average fami
16、ly income.C.They work extra hours to have their basic needs met.D.Their children cannot afford to go to private schools.五、Part III Reading Com(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. After becoming president of Purdue University in 2013, Mitch Daniels asked the faculty
17、to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher educations most important goals: critical thinking skills. Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a third hadmade no (26)_ gains in such mental abilities during their school years. Mr. Danie
18、ls needed to(27)_ the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all, the percentageof Americans who say a college degree is “very important” has fallen (28)_ in the last 5-6 years. Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students critical thinking skills. Yet like many co
19、llege teachersaround the U.S., the faculty remain (29)_ that their work as educators can be measured by a“learning (30)_ ” such as a graduates ability to investigate and reason. However, the professorsneed not worry so much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use (31)_ met
20、rics to measure how well students do in three key areas: critical thinking, written communication, and quantitative literacy. Despite the success of the experiment, the actual results are worrisome, and mostly (32)_ earlier studies. The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students
21、were achieving at high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or quantitative literacy. And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation. American universities, despite their global (33)_ for excellence in teaching, have only begunto demonstrate wh
22、at they can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees are still important,but employers are (34)_ advanced thinking skills from college graduates. If the intellectual worthof a college degree can be (35)_ measured, more people will seek higher educationand comeout better thinkers. 注意：此
23、部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。 A) accurately B) confirm C) demanding D) doubtful E) drastically F) justify G) monopolized H) outcome I) predominance J) presuming K) reputation L) significant M) signify N) simultaneously O) standardized（分数：35.50）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E
24、.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.六、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The Price of Oil and the Price of Carbon A
25、Fossil fuel prices are likely to stay “low for long.” Notwithstanding important recent progress in developing renewable fuel sources, low fossil fuel prices could discourage further innovation in, and adoption of, cleaner energy technologies. The result would be higher emissions of carbon dioxide an
26、d other greenhouse gases. BPolicymakers should not allow low energy prices to derail the clean energy transition. Action to restore appropriate price incentives, notably through corrective carbon pricing, is urgently needed to lower the risk of irreversible and potentially devastating effects of cli
27、mate change. That approach also offers fiscal benefits. COil prices have dropped by over 60% since June 2014. A commonly held view in the oil industry is that “the best cure for low oil prices is low oil prices.” The reasoning behind this saying is that low oil prices discourage investment in new pr
28、oduction capacity, eventually shifting the oil supply curve backward and bringing prices back up as existing oil fields 一which can be tapped at relatively low marginal costare depleted. In fact, in line with past experience capital expenditure in the oil sector has dropped sharply in many producing
29、countries, including the United States. The dynamic adjustment to low oil prices may, however, be different this time around. DOil prices are expected to remain lower for longer. The advent of new technologies has added about 4.2 million barrels per day to the crude oil market, contributing to a glo
30、bal over-supply. In addition, other factors are putting downward pressure on oil prices: change in the strategies behavior of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the projected increase in Iranian exports, the scaling- down of global demand (especially from emerging markets), the long-
31、term drop in petroleum consumption in the United States, and some displacement of oil by substitutes. These likely persistent forces, like the growth of shale (页岩）oil, point to a “low for long” scenario. Futures markets, which show only a modest recovery of prices to around $60 a barrel by 2019, sup
32、port this view. ENatural gas and coalalsofossil fuelshave similarly seen price declines that look to be long-lived. Coal and natural gas are mainly used for electricity generation, whereas oil is used mostly to power transportation, yet the prices of all these energy sources are linked. The North Am
33、erican shale gas boom has resulted in record low prices there. The recent discovery of the giant Zohr gas field off the Egyptian coast will eventually have impact on pricing in the Mediterranean region and Europe, and there is significant development potential in many other places, notably Argentina
34、. Coal prices also are low, owing to over-supply and the scaling-down of demand, especially from China, which bums half of the worlds coal. FTechnological innovations have unleashed the power of renewables such as wind, hydro, solar, and geothermal (地热).Even Africa and the Middle East，home to econom
35、ies that are heavily dependent on fossil fuel exports, have enormous potential to develop renewables. For example, the United Arab Emirates has endorsed an ambitious target to draw 24% of its primary energy consumption from renewable sources by 2021. GProgress in the development of renewables could
36、be fragile, however, if fossil fuel prices remain low for long. Renewables account for only a small share of global primary energy consumption, which is still dominated by fossil fuels30% each for coal and oil, 25% for natural gas. But renewable energy will have to displace fossil fuels to a much gr
37、eater extent in the future to avoid unacceptable climate risks. HUnfortunately, the current low prices for oil, gas, and coal may provide little incentive for research to find even cheaper substitutes for those fuels. There is strong evidence that both innovation and adoption of cleaner technology a
38、re strongly encouraged by higher fossil fuel prices. The same is true for new technologies for alleviating fossil fuel emissions. IThe current low fossil fuel price environment will thus certainly delay the energy transition from fossil fuel to clean energy sources. Unless renewables become cheap en
39、ough that substantial carbon deposits are left underground for a very long time, if not forever, the planet will like be exposed to potentially catastrophic climate risks. JSome climate impacts may already be discernible. For example, the United Nations Children Fund estimates that some 11 million c
40、hildren in Africa face hunger, disease, and water shortage as a result of the strongest El Nino (厄尔尼诺）weather phenomenon in decades. Many scientists believe that El Nino events, caused by warming in the Pacific，are becoming more intense as a result of climate change. KNations from around the world h
41、ave gathered in Paris for the United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP 21, with the goal of a universal and potentially legally-binding agreement reducing greenhouse gas emissions. We need very broad participation to fully address global tragedy that results when countries fail to take into acc
42、ount the negative impact of their carbon emissions on the rest of the world. Moreover, non-participation by nations, if sufficiently widespread, can undermine the political will of participating countries to act. LThe nations participating at COP 21 are focusing on quantitative emissions-reduction c
43、ommitments. Economic reasoning shows that the least expensive way for each country is to put a price on carbon emissions. The reason is that when carbon is priced, those emissions reductions that are least costly to implement will happen first. The International Monetary Fund calculates that countri
44、es can generate substantial fiscal revenues by eliminating fossil fuel subsidies and levying carbon charges that capture the domestic damage caused by emissions. A tax on upstream carbon sources is one easy way to put a price on carbon emissions, although some countries may wish to use other methods
45、, such as emissions trading schemes. In order to maximize global welfare, every countrys carbon pricing should reflect not only the purely domestic damage from emissions, but also the damage to foreign countries. MSetting the right carbon price will therefore efficiently align the costs paid by carb
46、on users with the true social opportunity cost of using carbon. By raising relative demand for clean energy sources，a carbon price would also help align the market return to clean-energy innovation with its social return, spurring the refinement of existing technologies and the development of new on
47、es. And it would raise the demand for technologies such as carbon capture and storage, spurring their further development. If not corrected by the appropriate carbon price, low fossil fuel prices are not accurately signaling to markets the true social profitability of clean energy. While alternative
48、 estimates of the damage from carbon emissions differ, and its especially hard to reckon the likely costs of possible catastrophic climate events, most estimates suggest substantial negative effects. NDirect subsidies to research and development have been adopted by some governments but are a poor s
49、ubstitute for a carbon price; they do only part of the job, leaving in place market incentives to overuse fossil fuels and thereby add to the stock of atmospheric greenhouse gases without regard to the collateral (附带的）costs. OThe hope is that the success of COP 21 opens the door to future international agreement on carbon prices. Agreement on an international carbon-price floor would be a good starting p
