1、大学英语六级分类模拟题 482 及答案解析(总分：319.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The Three-Year SolutionAHartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes this offer to well-prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of fou
2、r, and save about $43,000the amount of one year“s tuition and fees. A number of innovative colleges are making the same offer to students anxious about saving time and money. That“s both an opportunity and a warning for the best higher-education system in the world. BThe United States has almost all
3、 of the world“s best universities. A recent Chinese survey ranks 35 American universities among the top 50, eight among the top 10. Our research universities have been the key to developing the competitive advantages that help Americans produce 25% of all the world“s wealth. In 2007, 623805 of the w
4、orld“s brightest students were attracted to American universities. CYet, there are signs of peril (危险) within American higher education. US colleges have to compete in the marketplace. Students may choose among 6,000 public, private, nonprofit, for-profit, or religious institutions of higher learnin
5、g. In addition, almost all of the $32 billion the federal government provides for university research is awarded competitively. DBut many colleges and universities are stuck in the past. For instance, the idea of the fall-to-spring “school year“ hasn“t changed much since before the American Revoluti
6、on, when we were a nation of farmers and students put their books away to work the soil during the summer. That long summer stretch no longer makes sense. Former George Washington University president Stephen Trachtenberg estimates that a typical college uses its facilities for academic purposes a l
7、ittle more than half the calendar year. “While college facilities sit idle, they continue to generate maintenance expenses that contribute to the high cost of running a college,“ he has written. EWithin academic departments, tenure (终身职位), combined with age-discrimination laws, makes faculty turnove
8、rcritical for a university to remain current in changing timesdifficult. Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure system often stifles (压制) them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging like mindedne
9、ss and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas. FMeanwhile, tuition has soared, leaving graduating students with unprecedented loan debt. Strong campus presidents to manage these problems are becoming harder to find, and to keep. In fact, students now stay on campus almost as long as their presi
10、dents. The average amount of time students now take to complete an undergraduate degree has stretched to six years and seven months as students interrupted by work, inconvenienced by unavailable classes, or lured by one more football season find it hard to graduate. Congress has tried to help studen
11、ts with college costs through Pell Grants and other forms of tuition support. But some of their fixes have made the problem worse. The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do. Filling out these forms consumes 7% of every tuition
12、dollar. GFor all of these reasons, some colleges like Hartwick are rethinking the old way of doing things and questioning decades-old assumptions about what a college degree means. For instance, why does it have to take four years to earn a diploma? This fall, 16 first-year students and four second-
13、year students at Hartwick enrolled in the school“s new three-year degree program. According to the college, the plan is designed for high-ability, highly motivated students who wish to save money or to move along more rapidly toward advanced degrees. HBy eliminating that extra year, three-year degre
14、e students save 25% in costs. Instead of taking 30 credits a year, these students take 40. During January, Hartwick runs a four-week course during which students may earn three to four credits on or off campus, including a number of international sites. Summer courses are not required, but a student
15、 may enroll in them-and pay extra. Three-year students get first crack at course registration. There are no changes in the number of courses professors teach or in their pay. IThe three-year degree isn“t a new idea. Geniuses have always breezed through. Judson College, a 350-student institution in A
16、labama, has offered students a three-year option for 40 years. Students attend “short terms“ in May and June to earn the credits required for graduation. Bates College in Maine and Ball State University in Indiana are among other colleges offering three-year options. JChanges at the high-school leve
17、l are also helping to make it easier for many students to earn their undergraduate degrees in less time. One of five students arrives at college today with Advanced Placement (AP) credits amounting to a semester or more of college-level work. Many universities, including large schools like the Unive
18、rsity of Texas, make it easy for these AP students to graduate faster. KFor students who don“t plan to stop with an undergraduate degree, the three-year plan may have an even greater appeal. Dr. John Sergent, head of Vanderbilt University Medical School“s residency (住院医生) program, enrolled in Vander
19、bilt“s undergraduate college in 1959. He entered medical school after only three years as did four or five of his classmates. “My first year of medical school counted as my senior year, which meant I had to take three to four labs a week to get all my sciences in. I basically skipped my senior year,
20、“ says Sergent. He still had time to be a student senator and meet his wife. LThere are, however, drawbacks to moving through school at such a brisk pace. For one, it deprives students of the luxury of time to roam (遨游) intellectually. Compressing everything into three years also leaves less time fo
21、r growing up, engaging in extracurricular activities, and studying abroad. On crowded campuses it could mean fewer opportunities to get into a prized professor“s class. Iowa“s Waldorf College has graduated several hundred students in its three-year degree programs, but is now phasing out the option.
22、 Most Waldorf students wanted the full four-year experienceacademically, socially, and athletically. And faculty members will be wary of any change that threatens the core curriculum in the name of moving students into the workforce. M“Most high governmental officials seem to conceive of education i
23、n this lightas a way to ensure economic competitiveness and continued economic growth,“ Derek Bok, former president of Harvard, told The Washington Post. “I strongly disagree with this approach.“ Another risk: the new campus schedules might eventually produce less revenue for the institution and lon
24、ger working hours for faculty members. NAdopting a three-year option will not come easily to most schools. Those that wish to tackle tradition and make American campuses more cost-conscious may find it easier to take Trachtenberg“s advice: open campuses year-round. “You could run two complete colleg
25、es, with two complete faculties,“ he says. “That“s without cutting the length of students“ vacations, increasing class sizes, or requiring faculty to teach more.“ OWhether they experiment with three-year degrees, offer year-round classes, challenge the tenure systemor all of the aboveuniversities ar
26、e slowly realizing that to stay competitive and relevant they must adapt to a rapidly changing world. Expanding the three-year option may be difficult, but it may be less difficult than asking Congress for additional financial help, asking legislators for more state support, or asking students for e
27、ven higher tuition payments. Campuses willing to adopt convenient schedules along with more-focused, less-expensive degrees may find that they have a competitive advantage in attracting bright, motivated students. These sorts of innovations can help American universities avoid the perils of success.
28、（分数：71.00）(1).The tenure system in American universities suppresses creative thinking.（分数：7.10）(2).By quoting Stephen Trachtenberg the author wants to say that college facilities could be put to more effective use.（分数：7.10）(3).Hartwick College started the three-year degree programs in order to cut s
29、tudents“ expenses.（分数：7.10）(4).More students have Advanced Placement credits in high schools in order to earn undergraduate degrees faster.（分数：7.10）(5).Judson College“s three-year degree program has been running for several decades.（分数：7.10）(6).The new three-year degree program at Hartwick requests
30、its students to earn more credits each year.（分数：7.10）(7).A drawback of the three-year college program is that students don“t have much time to roam intellectually.（分数：7.10）(8).Convenient academic schedules with more-focused, less-expensive degrees will be more attractive to bright, motivated student
31、s.（分数：7.10）(9).Universities are increasingly aware that they must adapt to a rapidly changing world in order to stay competitive and relevant.（分数：7.10）(10).College faculty members are afraid that the pretext of moving students into the workforce might pose a threat to the core curriculum.（分数：7.10）三、
32、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)President Obama signed a legislation to provide twenty-six billion dollars to the States for education and healthcare. The measures include ten billion dollars for education and sixteen billion for Medicaid, the joint state-federal government medi
33、cal program for the poor. The legislation will help one hundred and sixty thousand teachers and one hundred and fifty thousand police and public service workers keep their jobs. Thus, the measures are good news for them. The House of Representatives has approved the bill. House members had already b
34、egun a six-week holiday when the Senate approved the measure last week. Speaker of the House, Nancy Pelosi, took the rare step of calling House lawmakers back to Washington to vote on the bill and send it to President Obama without delay. It is obvious that the House of Representatives are also very
35、 concerned with the progress. President Obama has stressed the importance of education for all Americans. He said this is necessary for the country to compete among some of the world“s fastest growing economies. In a speech given at the University of Texas, the president talked about the decrease in
36、 college graduation rates in the United States. “In a single generation, we“ve fallen from first place to twelfth place in college graduation rates for young adults. That is unacceptable, but it is not irreversible. We can retake the lead. “ President Obama said educational success and economic well
37、-being are linked, especially in a world economy driven by information and technology. His goal is to increase the percentage of college graduates from forty percent to sixty percent by the year 2020. The president said the federal government has already reformed the student loan system and increase
38、d tax credits for families struggling to pay college education costs. It is hoped that those measures would be effective. Democrats in Congress say spending for the new bill will not add to the federal budget deficit. But some Republican lawmakers criticized the measure. House Republican leader John
39、 Boehner dismissed the emergency jobs measure as more wasteful spending aimed at pleasing the Democrats“ traditional union allies. “The American people are screaming at the top of their lungs, “Stop!“ And Washington continues to spend, spend, spend. “ Hours before the vote, President Obama told repo
40、rters at the White House that education and the safety of communities should not be a political party issue. “Those interests are widely shared throughout this country. A challenge that affects parents, children and citizens in almost every community in America should not be a Democratic problem or
41、a Republican problem. It is an American problem. “（分数：71.00）(1).Which of the following would NOT benefit from the new legislation?（分数：14.20）A.Teachers.B.Policemen.C.Public service workers.D.Doctors.(2).What were the members of the House of Representatives doing when the Senate approved the measures?
42、（分数：14.20）A.They were trying to prevent the measures to be effected.B.They were on holidays.C.They were having an argument with the Senate members.D.Not mentioned.(3).What does the word “irreversible“ in Line 5, Para. 3 mean?（分数：14.20）A.Impossible.B.Irregular.C.Unchangeable.D.Irrational.(4).Which of
43、 the following has been done by the federal government to raise college graduation rates?（分数：14.20）A.Reforming the student loan system.B.Decreasing taxes.C.Increasing taxes.D.Increasing financial input.(5).What are the attitudes of some Republican lawmakers towards the measures?（分数：14.20）A.They thin
44、k the measures are a waste of money.B.They think the measures are good to the development of economy.C.They think the measures are good to raise college graduation rates.D.They think the measures would not be effective.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The most promising effort in years to restore fairne
45、ss and hope to the immigration system begins Wednesday, when the Obama administration will start accepting applications from young, undocumented immigrants who want to be shielded from deportation (驱逐出境) so they can be free to work and go to school. The program to halt deportations is limited, hedge
46、d by detailed rules and not to be confused with broad immigration reform, which is out of reach at a time when resentment against the undocumented runs high in Washington and in the states. But any progress away from indiscriminate immigration enforcement, and toward opening pathways to a fuller inv
47、olvement in society, is worth noting and celebrating. Under the program, applicants must have been brought to the United States before turning 16, be under 31, have clean records and have lived here for at least the last five years. Those who are accepted will not be legalized, even if they are give
48、n permission to work. They will instead be granted two-year deferrals (延期) of deportation, which are renewable. By one estimate, 1.7 million of the country“s 11 million undocumented immigrants may qualify. Announced by President Obama in June, the program is not the legalization or path to citizensh
49、ip that millions are longing for and deserve. It“s simply a decision by the Department of Homeland Security, at President Obama“s instruction, to get its enforcement priorities rightfocusing on removing criminals and others who threaten community safety, not the law-abiding, hard-working young people who pose no threat and cannot be blamed for their unauthorized status. There are two major worries as the program unfolds. One is whether Citizenship and Immigration Services, the agency that will run the program, can handle the administrative load. Alejandro Mayorkas, th
