1、大学英语六级分类模拟题 436及答案解析(总分：405.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Animals on the MoveA. It looked like a scene from “Jaws“ but without the dramatic music. A huge shark was slowly swimming through the water, its tail swinging back and forth like the pendulum of a
2、 clock. Suddenly sensitive nerve ending in the shark“s skin picked up vibrations of a struggling fish. The shark was immediately transformed into a deadly, efficient machine of death. With muscles taut, the shark knifed through the water at a rapid speed. In a flash the shark caught its victim, a la
3、rge fish, in its powerful jaws. Then, jerking its head back and forth, the shark tore huge chunks of flesh from its victim and swallowed them. Soon the action was over. B. Moving to Survive In pursuing its prey, the shark demonstrated in a dramatic way the important role of movement, or locomotion,
4、in animals. Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food. They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore new territories. The methods of locomotion include crawling, hopping, slithering, flying, swimming, or walking. Humans have the added advantage of using their vari
5、ous inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment. Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to as far away as the moon. However, for other animals movement came about naturally through millions of years of evolution. One of the most successful examples
6、of animal locomotion is that of the shark. Its ability to quickly zero in on its prey has always impressed scientists. But it took a detailed study by Duke University marine biologists S. A. Wainwright, F. Vosburgh, and J. H. Hebrank to find out how the sharks did it. In their study the scientists o
7、bserved sharks swimming in a tank at Marine land in Saint Augustine, Fla. Movies were taken of the sharks“ movements and analyzed. Studies were also made of shark skin and muscle. C. Skin Is the Key The biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animal“s high efficiency in sw
8、imming through the water. The skin contains many fibers that crisscross like the inside of a belted radial tire. The fibers are called collagen fibers. These fibers can either store or release large amounts of energy depending on whether the fibers are relaxed or taut. When the fibers are stretched,
9、 energy is stored in them the way energy is stored in the string of a bow when pulled tight. When the energy is released, the fibers become relaxed. D. The Duke University biologists have found that the greatest stretching occurs where the shark bends its body while swimming. During the body“s back
10、and forth motion, fibers along the outside part of the bending body stretch greatly. Much potential energy is stored in the fibers. This energy is released when the shark“s body snaps back the other way. As energy is alternately stored and released on both sides of the animal“s body, the tail whips
11、strongly back and forth. This whip-like action propels the animal through the water like a living bullet. E. Source of Energy What causes the fibers to store so much energy? In finding the answer the Duke University scientists learned that the shark“s similarity to a belted radial tire doesn“t stop
12、with the skin. Just as a radial tire is inflated by pressure, so, too, is the area just under the shark“s collagen “radials“. Instead of air pressure, however, the pressure in the shark may he due to the force of the blood pressing on the collagen fibers. F. When the shark swims slowly, the pressure
13、 on the fibers is relatively low, and the shark is able to bend its body at sharp angles. The animal swims this way when looking around for food or just swimming. However, when the shark detects an important food source, some fantastic involuntary changes take place. The pressure inside the animal m
14、ay increase by 10 times. This pressure change greatly stretches the fibers, enabling much energy to be stored. This energy is then transferred to the tail, and the shark is off. The rest of the story is predictable. G. Dolphin Has Speed Record Another fast marine animal is the dolphin. This seagoing
15、 mammal has been clocked at speeds of 32 kilometers (20 miles) an hour. Biologists studying the dolphin have discovered that, like the shark, the animal“s efficient locomotion can be traced to its skin. A dolphin“s skin is made up in such a way that it offers very little resistance to the water flow
16、ing over it. Normally when a fish or other object moves slowly through the water, the water flows smoothly past the body. This smooth flow is known as laminar flow. However, at faster speeds the water becomes more turbulent along the moving fish. This turbulence muses friction and slows the fish dow
17、n. H. In a dolphin the skin is so flexible that it bends and yields to the waviness of the water. The waves, in effect, become tucked into the skin“s folds. This allows the rest of the water to move smoothly by in a laminar flow. Where other animals would be slowed by turbulent water at rapid speeds
18、, the dolphin can race through the water at record breaking speeds. I. Other Animals Less Efficient Not all animals move as efficiently as sharks and dolphins. Perhaps the greatest loser in locomotion efficiency is the slug. The slug, which looks like a snail without a shell, lays down a slimy trail
19、 over which it crawls. It uses so much energy producing the slimy mucus and crawling over it that a mouse traveling the same distance uses only one twelfth as much energy. J. Scientists say that because of the slug“s inefficient use of energy, its lifestyle must be restricted. That is, the animals a
20、re forced to confine themselves to small areas for obtaining food and finding proper living conditions. Have humans ever been faced with this kind of problem?（分数：71.00）(1).A dolphin“s skin enables it to pass through with little resistance to the water flowing over it.（分数：7.10）(2).A shark finds its p
21、rey by feeling the vibrations of a struggling prey.（分数：7.10）(3).According to the scientists, when bending its body in swimming, the shark stretches its collagen fibers to the greatest extent.（分数：7.10）(4).Animals are restricted to small areas tot obtaining food and finding proper living conditions.（分
22、数：7.10）(5).Automobiles, rockets, and submarines exemplify that human inventions enable us to travel in almost any kind of environment.（分数：7.10）(6).Consuming the equal amount of energy as a slug does, a mouse can travel 12 times as long as a slug.（分数：7.10）(7).Dolphin wouldn“t be bothered by turbulent
23、 water at rapid speeds like other animals.（分数：7.10）(8).One of the main reasons sharks are such effective predators is their skin.（分数：7.10）(9).Sharks are a notable example of fish that depend on locomotion to survive.（分数：7.10）(10).The area just under the shark“s collagen fibers is similar to a belted
24、 radial tire because it is also inflated by pressure.（分数：7.10）三、Part Translation(总题数：10，分数：334.00)1.相声(comic dialogue)起源于北京，流行于全国各地。一般认为于清咸丰、同治年间形成。它是一种历史悠久、流传较广、有深厚群众基础的曲艺表演形式。表演形式有单口、对口、群口三种。单口相声(monologue talk)由一个演员表演，讲述笑话；对口相声由两个演员一问一答；群口相声由三个以上演员表演。传统曲目以讽刺旧社会各种丑恶现象和通过诙谐的叙述反映各种生活现象为主，解放后除继续发扬讽刺传
25、统外，也有歌颂(sing the praises of)新人新事的作品。 （分数：12.50）_2.自 20世纪 70年代开始，中国步入了一个经济改革开放和现代化建设的历史时期。在 25年的时间内，中国经济始终保持快速增长的势头。在此期间，中国的 GDP年增长率平均为 9.4%；城乡居民的收入和生活水平不断提高；对外贸易额以每年 16%的势头增长；官方外汇储备由 19.4亿美元增加到 403.3亿美元。现在，作为世界第七大经济实体，中国总体经济实力显著提高。在过去的 20年里人均国内生产总值翻了4倍。 （分数：106.50）_3.“要看中国的五百年，请到北京；要看中国的五千年，请到西安”。看到
26、这句话你就应该知道西安历史的悠久。西安曾是十三个朝代的首都，是中国七大古都之首，更与雅典、开罗、罗马一起被誉为“世界四大文明古都”。数不胜数的文物古迹都向人们彰显它曾经有过的辉煌以及深厚丰富的历史文化魅力。在这样一个城市，你可以感受到中国几千年的沧桑变化(vicissitudes)，以及中华文明的发展和中华民族的伟大。 （分数：10.00）_4.长安，今称西安，是唐朝的都城。唐朝时期的长安约比今天的西安大 11倍，是具有国际声誉的大都市(metropolis)。长安的街道和住宅设计得像一个棋盘，东西布局整洁、匀称。长安城内，很多街道的宽度都超过了 100米。长安也是当时中国的文化中心，有丰富多
27、样的娱乐活动，如音乐、舞蹈、斗鸡(cock fighting)等。很多日本和朝鲜的学生纷纷来到长安学习，中亚的商人经丝绸之路(the Silk Road)聚集在此。长安城约 100万人口之中，外国人就超过了一万户。 （分数：16.00）_5.筷子几千年来，我们中国人一直将筷子视为一种将饭送入口中的最简单、有效的工具。早在周朝时期，筷子便被人们用来夹取荤、蔬菜，而米饭在那时则用手来取食。筷子的大小基本一样，而制作筷子的材料则各有不同，所选材料有竹子、木材、玉石等。中国人使用筷子的方法很有艺术性，各人有各人的方法，就好像签名一样，不尽一致。中国人一般都能随心所欲地用筷子夹起一粒米饭，一粒豌豆，甚至
28、一只滑溜溜的丸子。 （分数：20.00）_6.生活在中国黄河中上游的 黄土高原 (the Loess Plateau)上的人们，利用那里的黄土层建造了一种独特的住宅 窑洞 (cave-dwelling)。窑洞分为土窑、石窑、砖窑等几种。土窑是靠着山坡挖掘成的黄土窑洞，这种窑洞冬暖夏凉，保温和隔音效果最好。石窑和砖窑是先用石块或砖砌成拱形洞，然后在上面盖上厚厚的黄土，既坚固又美观。由于建造窑洞不需要钢材和水泥，所以窑洞的造价较低。随着社会的发展，人们对窑洞的建造不断改进，黄土高原上冬暖夏凉的窑洞越来越舒适美观了。 （分数：20.00）_7.京剧走进课堂当前，中小学生普遍存在民族文化艺术鉴赏力下降
29、的问题。为传承民族优秀文化，教育部对九年制义务教育阶段的音乐课程标准进行了修订，增加了有关京剧的教学内容，并在 10个省、市、自治区各选 20所中小学进行试点。开设京剧课后，教师不能仅满足于演唱技巧的教授，而且应该将 曲目 (repertoire)背后的故事和如何理解京剧这种传统艺术形式作为教学的主要目标。京剧走进课堂，就是要让学生了解一些基本的京剧知识，帮助他们学习欣赏京剧的韵律之美和独特魅力。 （分数：20.00）_8.上海自由贸易区(Shanghai Free Trade Zone)，简称上海自贸区，是中国政府设立在上海的区域性自由贸易区。自贸区于 2013年 8月 22日获得国务院批准
30、，并于 9月 29日正式挂牌。在该自贸区挂牌后的第一个工作日，前来咨询办理业务的人络绎不绝。事实上，自贸区没有挂牌前，已有一大批企业迫不及待地申请在上海自贸区辖区内注册。上海自贸区是中国主动选择的一个新的开放试点(pilot zone)，目的是以开放促进改革。自贸区的设立不仅可以使贸易便利化，而且可以使加快贸易转型和升级。 （分数：12.50）_9.一切文学作品，特别是像红楼梦(A Dream of Red Mansions)这样伟大的作品，内容异常地丰富，涉及的社会层面(social strata)异常地多，简直像是一个宝山，一座迷宫(labyrinth)，。而读者群就更为复杂，不同的家庭背
31、景，不同的社会经历，不同的民族，不同的国家，不同的文化传统，不同的心理素质，不同的年龄，不同的性别，不同的职业，不同的爱好还可以这样“不同”下去，就此打住他们来读红楼梦，会各就自己的爱好，欣赏红楼梦中的某一个方面。受到鼓舞，受到启发，引起了喜爱；也可能受到打击，引起了憎恶(loathe)，总之是千差万别。 （分数：106.50）_10.世界文化遗产龙门石窟(Longmen Grottoes)，是我国三大佛教石窟艺术宝库之一。龙门石窟自北魏孝文帝迁都洛阳开始动工，历经 400多年的雕刻，现存窟龛 2300多个，雕像 10万余尊，碑刻题记 30多万字。龙门石窟以大量的实物形象和文字资料从不同侧面反
32、映了中国古代政治、经济、宗教、文化等许多领域的发展变化，对中国石窟艺术的创新和发展做出了重大贡献。 （分数：10.00）_大学英语六级分类模拟题 436答案解析(总分：405.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Animals on the MoveA. It looked like a scene from “Jaws“ but without the dramatic music. A huge shark was slowly swimming through the wa
33、ter, its tail swinging back and forth like the pendulum of a clock. Suddenly sensitive nerve ending in the shark“s skin picked up vibrations of a struggling fish. The shark was immediately transformed into a deadly, efficient machine of death. With muscles taut, the shark knifed through the water at
34、 a rapid speed. In a flash the shark caught its victim, a large fish, in its powerful jaws. Then, jerking its head back and forth, the shark tore huge chunks of flesh from its victim and swallowed them. Soon the action was over. B. Moving to Survive In pursuing its prey, the shark demonstrated in a
35、dramatic way the important role of movement, or locomotion, in animals. Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food. They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore new territories. The methods of locomotion include crawling, hopping, slithering, flying, swimming, or
36、walking. Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment. Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to as far away as the moon. However, for other animals movement came about naturally through millions
37、 of years of evolution. One of the most successful examples of animal locomotion is that of the shark. Its ability to quickly zero in on its prey has always impressed scientists. But it took a detailed study by Duke University marine biologists S. A. Wainwright, F. Vosburgh, and J. H. Hebrank to fin
38、d out how the sharks did it. In their study the scientists observed sharks swimming in a tank at Marine land in Saint Augustine, Fla. Movies were taken of the sharks“ movements and analyzed. Studies were also made of shark skin and muscle. C. Skin Is the Key The biologists discovered that the skin o
39、f the shark is the key to the animal“s high efficiency in swimming through the water. The skin contains many fibers that crisscross like the inside of a belted radial tire. The fibers are called collagen fibers. These fibers can either store or release large amounts of energy depending on whether th
40、e fibers are relaxed or taut. When the fibers are stretched, energy is stored in them the way energy is stored in the string of a bow when pulled tight. When the energy is released, the fibers become relaxed. D. The Duke University biologists have found that the greatest stretching occurs where the
41、shark bends its body while swimming. During the body“s back and forth motion, fibers along the outside part of the bending body stretch greatly. Much potential energy is stored in the fibers. This energy is released when the shark“s body snaps back the other way. As energy is alternately stored and
42、released on both sides of the animal“s body, the tail whips strongly back and forth. This whip-like action propels the animal through the water like a living bullet. E. Source of Energy What causes the fibers to store so much energy? In finding the answer the Duke University scientists learned that
43、the shark“s similarity to a belted radial tire doesn“t stop with the skin. Just as a radial tire is inflated by pressure, so, too, is the area just under the shark“s collagen “radials“. Instead of air pressure, however, the pressure in the shark may he due to the force of the blood pressing on the c
44、ollagen fibers. F. When the shark swims slowly, the pressure on the fibers is relatively low, and the shark is able to bend its body at sharp angles. The animal swims this way when looking around for food or just swimming. However, when the shark detects an important food source, some fantastic invo
45、luntary changes take place. The pressure inside the animal may increase by 10 times. This pressure change greatly stretches the fibers, enabling much energy to be stored. This energy is then transferred to the tail, and the shark is off. The rest of the story is predictable. G. Dolphin Has Speed Rec
46、ord Another fast marine animal is the dolphin. This seagoing mammal has been clocked at speeds of 32 kilometers (20 miles) an hour. Biologists studying the dolphin have discovered that, like the shark, the animal“s efficient locomotion can be traced to its skin. A dolphin“s skin is made up in such a way that it offers very little resistance to the water flowing over it. Normally when a fish or other object moves slowly through the water, the water flows smoothly past the body. This smooth flow is known as laminar flow. However, at faster speeds the water becomes more turbulent along
