1、大学英语六级分类模拟题 312 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Innovation, the elixir(灵丹妙药)of progress, has always cost people their jobs. In the Indus-trial Revolution hand weavers were 1 aside by the mechanical loom. Over the past 30 years the digital revolution has 2 many of the
2、mid-skill jobs that supported 20th-century middle-class lifeTypists，ticket agents，bank tellers and many production-line jobs have been dispensed with, just as the weavers were. For those who believe that technological progress has made the world a better place, such disruption is a natural part of r
3、ising 3 . Although innovation kills some jobs，it creates new and better ones, as a more 4 society becomes richer and its wealthier inhabitants demand more goods and services. A hundred years ago one in three American workers was 5 on a farm. To- day less than 2% of them produce far more food. The mi
4、llions freed from the land were not rendered 6 , but found better-paid work as the economy grew more sophisticated. Today the pool of secretaries has 7 , but there are ever more computer programmers and web designers. Optimism remains the right starting-point, but for workers the dislocating effects
5、 of technology may make themselves evident faster than its 8 . Even if new jobs and wonderful products emerge, in the short term income gaps will widen, causing huge social dislocation and perhaps even changing politics. Technology“s 9 will feel like a tornado(旋风), hitting the rich world first, but
6、10 sweeping through poorer countries too. No government is prepared for it. Abenefits Bdisplaced Cemployed Deventually Eimpact Fjobless Gprimarily Hproductive Iprosperity Jresponsive Krhythm Lsentiments Mshrunk Nswept Owithdrawn（分数：25.00）It was 10 years ago, on a warm July night, that a newborn lamb
7、 took her first breath in a small shed in Scotland. From the outside, she looked no different from thousands of other sheep born on 11 farms. But Dolly, as the world soon came to realize, was no 12 lamb. She was cloned from a single cell of an adult female sheep, 13 long-held scientific dogma that h
8、ad declared such a thing biologically impossible. A decade later, scientists are starting to come to grips with just how different Dolly was. Dozens of animals have been cloned since that first lambmice, cats, cows and, most recently, a dogand it“s becoming 14 clear that they are all, in one way or
9、another, defective. It“s 15 to think of clones as perfect carbon copies of the original. It turns out, though, that there are various degrees of genetic 16 . That may come as a shock to people who have paid thousands of dollars to clone a pet cat only to discover that the baby cat looks and behaves
10、17 like their beloved petwith a different-color coat of fur, perhaps, or a 18 different attitude toward its human hosts. And these are just the obvious differences. Not only are clones 19 from the original tem-plate (模板)by time, but they are also the product of an unnatural molecular mechanism that
11、turns out not to be very good at making 20 copies. In fact, the process can embed small flaws in the genes of clones that scientists are only now discovering. Aabstract Bcompletely Cdeserted Dduplication Eeverything Fidentical Gincreasingly Hminiature Inothing Jordinal 了 Koverturning L separated Msu
12、rrounding Nsystematically Otempting（分数：25.00）His future subjects have not always treated the Prince of Wales with the respect one might expect. They laughed aloud in 1986 when the heir to the British 21 told a TV reporter that he talked to his plants at his country house, Highgrove, to stimulate the
13、ir growth. The Prince was being humorous“My sense of humor will get me into trouble one day,“ he said to his aides(随从)but listening to Charles Windsor can indeed prove stimulating. The royal 22 has been promoting radical ideas for most of his adult life. Some of his 23 , which once sounded a bit wei
14、rd, were simply ahead of their time. Now, finally, the world seems to be catching up with him. Take his views on farming. Prince Charles“Duchy Home Farm went 24 back in 1986, when most shoppers cared only about the low price tag on suspiciously blemish-free(无瑕疵的)vegetables and 25 large chickens pile
15、d high in supermarkets. His warnings on climate change proved farsighted, too. Charles began 26 action on global warming in 1990 and says he has been worried about the 27 of man on the environment since he was a teenager. Although he has gradually gained international 28 as one of the world“s leadin
16、g conservationists, many British people still think of him as an 29 person who talks to plants. This year, as it happens, South Korean scientists proved that plants really do 30 to sound. So Charles was ahead of the game there, too. Aconform Beccentric Cenvironmentalist Dexpeditions Eimpact Fnotions
17、 Gorganic Horiginally Irecognition Jrespond Ksubordinate Lsuppressing Mthrone Nunnaturally Ourging（分数：25.00）Fear can be an effective way to change behavior. One study compared the effects of high-fear and low-fear appeals on changes in attitudes and behaviors related to dental hygiene(卫生). One group
18、 of subjects was shown awful pictures of 31 teeth and diseased gums; another group was shown less frightening materials such as plastic teeth, charts, and graphs. Subjects who saw the frightening materials reported more anxiety and a greater 32 to change the way they took care of their teeth than th
19、e low-fear group did. But were these reactions actually 33 into better dental hygiene practices? To answer this important question, subjects were called back to the laboratory on two 34 (five days and six weeks after the experiment). They chewed disclosing wafers(牙疾诊断片)that give a red stain to any u
20、ncleaned areas of the teeth and thus provided a direct 35 of how well they were really taking care of their teeth. The result showed that the high-fear appeal did actually result in greater and more 36 changes in dental hygiene. That is, the subjects 37 to high-fear warnings brushed their teeth more
21、 38 than did those who saw low-fear warnings. However, to be an effective persuasive device it is very important that the message not be too frightening and that people be given 39 guidelines to help them to reduce the cause of the fear. If this isn“t done, they may reduce their anxiety by denying t
22、he message or the 40 of the communicator. If that happens. it is unlikely that either attitude or behavior change will occur. Aaccustomed Bcarefully Ccautiously Dconcrete Ecredibility Fdecayed Gdesire Idimensions Ieligible Jexposed Kindication Loccasions Mpermanent Nsensitivity Otranslated（分数：25.00）
23、大学英语六级分类模拟题 312 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Innovation, the elixir(灵丹妙药)of progress, has always cost people their jobs. In the Indus-trial Revolution hand weavers were 1 aside by the mechanical loom. Over the past 30 years the digital revolution has 2 many of the m
24、id-skill jobs that supported 20th-century middle-class lifeTypists，ticket agents，bank tellers and many production-line jobs have been dispensed with, just as the weavers were. For those who believe that technological progress has made the world a better place, such disruption is a natural part of ri
25、sing 3 . Although innovation kills some jobs，it creates new and better ones, as a more 4 society becomes richer and its wealthier inhabitants demand more goods and services. A hundred years ago one in three American workers was 5 on a farm. To- day less than 2% of them produce far more food. The mil
26、lions freed from the land were not rendered 6 , but found better-paid work as the economy grew more sophisticated. Today the pool of secretaries has 7 , but there are ever more computer programmers and web designers. Optimism remains the right starting-point, but for workers the dislocating effects
27、of technology may make themselves evident faster than its 8 . Even if new jobs and wonderful products emerge, in the short term income gaps will widen, causing huge social dislocation and perhaps even changing politics. Technology“s 9 will feel like a tornado(旋风), hitting the rich world first, but 1
28、0 sweeping through poorer countries too. No government is prepared for it. Abenefits Bdisplaced Cemployed Deventually Eimpact Fjobless Gprimarily Hproductive Iprosperity Jresponsive Krhythm Lsentiments Mshrunk Nswept Owithdrawn（分数：25.00）解析：N解析 空格前是 be 动词 were，空格后是副词 aside，由 by the mechanical loom“机械
29、织布机”可知此处应填入动词的过去分词，构成被动语态。上文说到创新总是以人们失去工作为代价，由 cost people their jobs 可知本句表示手工织布者被机械织布机“取代”。swept 与 aside 搭配，指“放到一边”，在文中指“(被)取代”，符合语境。displaced“取代”不与 aside 搭配，withdrawn“撤销；撤退”常与 from 搭配。解析：B解析 此处需填入谓语动词，由空格前的 has 可知是过去分词形式。由下一句提到的“不再需要打字员、票务代理等”可知，数字革命给中等技能工作带来了负面的影响，displaced“取代”符合句意逻辑。解析：I解析 此处应填入
30、 rising 修饰的名词。本句的主语 such disruption 指上一段提到的数字革命取代许多中等技能工作。因此对于相信技术进步让世界更美好的人来说，这种 disruption 是好的，故填入的名词应表积极意义。prosperity“兴旺，繁荣”符合逻辑，表示这种变化是日益“繁荣”的自然过程。解析：H解析 由空格前的 more 可知此处应填入形容词，修饰 society。由后文的 be-comes richer 和its wealthier inhabitants“更富裕的居民”可知填入的词应表积极意义，故填入 productive“多产的”，呼应后文的“居民需要更多商品和服务”。解析
31、：C解析 空格前是 was，后是地点状语 on a farm，故此处应填入分词或形容词。本句说一百年前，有三分之一的美国工人在农场工作。employed“雇用”与 was 构成被动语态，符合语义逻辑。解析：F解析 空格前 render 的用法是 render sth./sb.+形容词，意为“使某物/某人变得”，此处 render 用了被动语态，故应填入形容词。空格后的 found better-paid work“找到了报酬更高的工作”与此处构成转折对比，故填入相反的 jobless“失业的”。render sb. jobless 意为“让某人失业”。解析：M解析 此处应填入谓语动词，由 ha
32、s 可知是过去分词。本句与秘书职位总数(the pool of secretaries)相关，下文 but 转折提到计算机程序员和网页设计师越来越多，故此处需填入与 more 语义相反的词，shrunk“收缩”符合要求。解析：A解析 由空格前的代词 its 可知此处应填入名词。本句把 the dislocating effects“破坏性影响”与要填入的名词作比较，故应填入名词的复数形式，语义应该是相反的。benefits“益处”与 the dislocating effects 构成对比语义，符合要求。表示技术所带来的破坏性影响可能会比其带来的好处明显更快出现。解析：E解析 此处应填入名词，
33、作句子主语。根据下文的现在分词结构 hitting the rich world“冲击富裕世界”，可判断此处是在概括“科技的影响”。impact“影响”符合语义，且与该段第 1 句的effects of technology 形成呼应，说明科技的影响像旋风一样。解析：D解析 空格所在部分是现在分词结构，sweeping 与上文 hitting 并列，故应填入修饰 sweeping的副词。由上文修饰 hitting the rich world 的 first“首先”，可知应填入 eventually“终于，最后”，表示科技首先影响富裕世界，但“最终”也会席卷贫穷国家。It was 10 yea
34、rs ago, on a warm July night, that a newborn lamb took her first breath in a small shed in Scotland. From the outside, she looked no different from thousands of other sheep born on 11 farms. But Dolly, as the world soon came to realize, was no 12 lamb. She was cloned from a single cell of an adult f
35、emale sheep, 13 long-held scientific dogma that had declared such a thing biologically impossible. A decade later, scientists are starting to come to grips with just how different Dolly was. Dozens of animals have been cloned since that first lambmice, cats, cows and, most recently, a dogand it“s be
36、coming 14 clear that they are all, in one way or another, defective. It“s 15 to think of clones as perfect carbon copies of the original. It turns out, though, that there are various degrees of genetic 16 . That may come as a shock to people who have paid thousands of dollars to clone a pet cat only
37、 to discover that the baby cat looks and behaves 17 like their beloved petwith a different-color coat of fur, perhaps, or a 18 different attitude toward its human hosts. And these are just the obvious differences. Not only are clones 19 from the original tem-plate (模板)by time, but they are also the
38、product of an unnatural molecular mechanism that turns out not to be very good at making 20 copies. In fact, the process can embed small flaws in the genes of clones that scientists are only now discovering. Aabstract Bcompletely Cdeserted Dduplication Eeverything Fidentical Gincreasingly Hminiature
39、 Inothing Jordinal 了 Koverturning L separated Msurrounding Nsystematically Otempting（分数：25.00）解析：M解析 空格前为介词 on，空格后为名词，故此处应填入修饰 farm“农场”的词，可以是名词、分词或形容词。根据上文，它与其他数千只羊没有区别，即强调这只羊羔外表普通，用来与它比较的应该是普通农场或附近农场上的羊，词库中 ordinary 和 surrounding 填入句中，语义通顺。再结合下文，ordinary 填在下一个空格更合适，此处通过排除法确定填 surrounding“附近的”。解析：J解
40、析 空格处应填入名词 lamp 的修饰词。上文提到刚诞生的羊羔外表看来跟其他羊没有什么不同(也就是很普通)，本句转折词：But 表明，多利羊并不普通。空格前面有否定词 no，填入ordinary“普通的”语义通顺。identical 也可以修饰 lamb，但下文提到，多利羊是从一只成年母羊的细胞克隆出来的，突出它的非同寻常，而不是跟其他羊羔比较是否一样，因而不选 identical“相同的”。解析：K解析 空格所在句的谓语是 was cloned，空格前没有任何连词，因此推断空格处应填入分词形式，为分词短语作状语修饰主句；注意所填入的分词的逻辑主语为 She。下文提到，科学界长期固守的一个教条
41、是克隆动物是不可能的，可见多利的诞生“推翻”了这一教条。词库中，overturning“推翻”与dogma“教条”搭配合适且符合文中语义，另外其现在分词形式正好与 She 构成逻辑上的主谓关系。解析：G解析 空格前为系动词 becoming，空格后为形容词 clear，且句意是完整的，故此处填入副词更合理。根据上文，自从多利诞生后，已经克隆出数十种动物；再结合下文，这些克隆出来的动物都会在某个方面有缺陷，可见随着克隆动物的增多，存在的问题也就逐渐显现出来了，increasingly“日益”符合句法和语义。解析：O解析 空格前的 It 为形式主语，真正主语是空格后的不定式结构，故此处应填入形容词
42、或分词。根据句意“认为克隆动物跟母本动物完全相同是”，把词库中的形容词或分词一一代入，只有tempting“吸引人的”符合句意，且与下文提到的有人花几千美元克隆宠物的做法相呼应。解析：D解析 空格与形容词 genetic 一同作介词 of 的宾语，故此处应填入名词。根据下文，克隆出来的动物有异于母本动物，可知此处说的是存在不同程度的基因复制。词库中 duplication“复制”符合句意。解析：I解析 空格前面的 only to“不料竟会”和空格后的 different-color/different attitude提示，克隆出来的小猫无论长相还是行为跟原来的宠物不一样。因而空格处应填入含否
43、定意义的副词，词库中 nothing 符合句法和语义，nothing like 意为“完全不像，根本不像”。解析：B解析 空格前为不定冠词 a，空格后的为形容词+名词(different attitude)，推断空格应填入副词，修饰形容词 different。词库中 completely“完全地”符合句意逻辑，即克隆出来的动物对主人的态度与其母本动物大相径庭，与上文“不同的毛色”呼应。解析：L解析 空格所在分句以 Not only 开头，使用了部分倒装，还原成正常语序是：clones are not only.from the original template by time，因而此处应填入
44、形容词或分词，并且能跟 from 搭配，词库存中只有 separated“区分”符合，表示克隆动物随着时间跟母本动物模板有所区别，而且。解析：F解析 空格与其后名词 copies 一同作 making 的宾语，填入空格的可以是名词、分词或形容词。此处分析克隆出来的动物与母本动物完全不同的原因，原因之一是“他们是不善于进行”，因此选择形容词 identical“相同的”。His future subjects have not always treated the Prince of Wales with the respect one might expect. They laughed al
45、oud in 1986 when the heir to the British 21 told a TV reporter that he talked to his plants at his country house, Highgrove, to stimulate their growth. The Prince was being humorous“My sense of humor will get me into trouble one day,“ he said to his aides(随从)but listening to Charles Windsor can inde
46、ed prove stimulating. The royal 22 has been promoting radical ideas for most of his adult life. Some of his 23 , which once sounded a bit weird, were simply ahead of their time. Now, finally, the world seems to be catching up with him. Take his views on farming. Prince Charles“Duchy Home Farm went 2
47、4 back in 1986, when most shoppers cared only about the low price tag on suspiciously blemish-free(无瑕疵的)vegetables and 25 large chickens piled high in supermarkets. His warnings on climate change proved farsighted, too. Charles began 26 action on global warming in 1990 and says he has been worried a
48、bout the 27 of man on the environment since he was a teenager. Although he has gradually gained international 28 as one of the world“s leading conservationists, many British people still think of him as an 29 person who talks to plants. This year, as it happens, South Korean scientists proved that p
49、lants really do 30 to sound. So Charles was ahead of the game there, too. Aconform Beccentric Cenvironmentalist Dexpeditions Eimpact Fnotions Gorganic Horiginally Irecognition Jrespond Ksubordinate Lsuppressing Mthrone Nunnaturally Ourging（分数：25.00）解析：M解析 空格在形容词 British 之后，应填入名词，与前面的介词 to 构成介宾短语充当 the heir“继承人”的定语。此处 the heir 指上文的 the Prince of Wales“威尔士王子”。因此填入throne“王位”，表示英国王位的继承人。解析：C解析 空格前是形容词 royal“王室的”，此处应填入名词，充当句子主语。由助动词
