1、大学英语六级（2013 年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 236及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay about the impact of social networking by referring to the saying “Social networking platforms drive a man closer to t
2、hose in neighboring continents, while driving him further apart from those in his neighborhood“ You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you can do to avoid the bad effects of social networking. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.（分数：2.00）_二、Li
3、stening Comprehens(总题数：11，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.Looking for a person to talk to.B.Working on a troublemaking talking.C.Trying to understand the two genders.D.Trying to understand friendship between women.A.Their favorite players.B.Their careers.C.Their family.D.The
4、ir recent life.A.Enthusiastic.B.Doubtful.C.Peaceful.D.Cautious.A.An effective tool to help form womens friendship.B.A way to understand and appreciate friends.C.An access that a woman can express her troubles.D.An effective way to achieve something from womens friends.A.Reluctant.B.Positive.C.Ambiti
5、ous.D.IndifferentA.No one wants to look at the closet.B.The man has already cleaned it up.C.It has gradually become a trash can.D.It is occupied by lots of useless stuff.A.The stairs to upper floor are broken.B.The upstairs toilet is full of bleach smell.C.It should be entirely cleaned up.D.It is of
6、ten tidied up by the womans parents.A.Pick up dirty clothes.B.Fix the upstairs toiletC.Watch the game.D.Do the wash.5.Section B_A.It allows one to show his personal information.B.It offers only the childrens personal information.C.It is against parents will to educate the kids.D.It only offers stori
7、es about other people.A.Its a reliable way to make friends online.B.It is convenient to get in touch with their parents.C.It is regarded as a way of judging high school popularity.D.It is regarded as a way of judging subject scores.A.There are too many complaints from net users.B.Hackers attack of M
8、ySpace cannot be forbidden.C.Parents cannot help checking childrens information.D.It is easy for trouble-makers to do harm to children.A.Do parents like MySpace?B.Is MySpace good or bad?C.MySpace is the home of children.D.MySpace is the bank of childrens information.A.They may feel exhausted.B.They
9、may feel very nervous.C.They may have heartache.D.They may suffer a cold.A.The building method the builders use to save energy.B.The limit of the flow of air between inside and outside.C.The use of man-made building materials.D.The limit of air-flow and the man-made materials.A.To let out clean gas.
10、B.To take in harmful gas.C.To use various plants.D.To let the air flow freely.6.Section C_A.The prices of its shares went down.B.Most workers in Apple lost their jobs.C.The company suffered heavy losses.D.The company faced the risk of bankruptcy.A.Challenges from abroad.B.Lack of constant upgrading.
11、C.Competition of the same trade.D.Some countries slowing economies.A.Apple is no longer winning the favor of consumers.B.Apple is no longer regularly producing exciting products.C.Apple can not provide excellent after-sales service.D.The purchasing power of Apples target consumers weakens.A.They hav
12、e some financial problems.B.They lack an excellent enterprise culture.C.They dont make as much money as before.D.They lack an excellent marketing team.A.The speaker enjoyed it in his youth.B.It will hurt the new comers.C.Many successes began their career from it.D.It is the first thing employees mus
13、t do.A.Having great ambitions.B.Remaining to be a head clerk.C.Working hard for the firm.D.Being content with the present.A.They cost a lot of money.B.They scatter their investmentC.They often risk investing in unsure projects.D.They are not good at cooperating with others.A.His former headmaster.B.
14、His former classmate.C.His former closest friend.D.His former lunch lady.A.A day when their lunch staff can have a competition.B.A day when their lunch staff can gain double income.C.A day when kids can make creative projects for their lunch staff.D.A day when kids can enjoy free delicious food for
15、their lunch.A.They keep a close eye on every studentB.What they do is important for education.C.All that they do is very helpful for parents.D.What they do reflects the quality of schools.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_Teachers need to be aware of
16、the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious thought to how they can best 1such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 2, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a who
17、le host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 3by others. However, the 4teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be w
18、ise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, for example, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 5student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 6opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in succe
19、ssful group 7 . Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the security of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 8visible in the background. In these activities, it is important to remember that young teens have short attention spans. A variety of acti
20、vities should be organized so that participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling 9and without letting the other participants down. This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. On the contrary, they can help students acquire a sen
21、se of 10by planning for roles that are within their capabilities and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.A) dynamics E) displaying I) admired M) accommodateB) multiple F) rarely J) nutrition N) barelyC) guidance G) exercise K) commitment O) claimedD) typical H) guilty L) surplus
22、（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_Do Britains Energy Firms Serve the Public Interest?A Capitalism is the best and worst of systems. Left to itself, it will embrace the new and uncompromisingly follow the logic of prices and profit, a revolut
23、ionary accelerator for necessary change. But it can only ever react to todays prices, which cannot capture what will happen tomorrow. So, left to itself, capitalism will neglect both the future and the cohesion of the society in which it trades.B What we know, especially after the financial crisis o
24、f 2008, is that we cant leave capitalism to itself. If we want it to work at its best, combining its doctrines with public and social objectives, there is no alternative but to design the markets in which it operates. We also need to try to add in wider obligations than the simple pursuit of economi
25、c logic. Otherwise, there lies disaster.C If this is now obvious in banking, it has just become so in energy. Since 2004, consumers energy bills have nearly tripled, far more than the rise in energy prices. The energy companies demand returns nearly double those in mass retailing. This would be prob
26、lematic at any time, but when wages in real terms have fallen by some 10% in five years it constitutes a crisis. John Major, pointing to the mass of citizens who now face a choice between eating or being warmas he made the case for a high profits tax on energy companiesdrove home the social reality.
27、 The energy market, as it currently operates, is maladaptive and illegitimate. There has to be changed.D The design of this market is now universally recognised as wrong, universally, that is, excepting the regulator and the government. The energy companies are able to disguise their cost structures
28、 because there is no general pool into which they are required to sell their energyinstead opaquely striking complex internal deals between their generating and supply arms. Yet this is an industry where production and consumption is 24/7 and whose production logic requires such energy pooling. The
29、sector has informally agreed, without regulatory challenge, that it should seek a supply margin of 5%twice that of retailing.E On top the industry also requires long-term price guarantees for investment in renewables and nuclear without any comparable return in lowering its target cost of capital. T
30、he national grid, similarly privately owned, balances its profit maximising aims with a need to ensure security of supply. And every commitment to decarbonise British energy supply by 2030 is passed on to the consumer, rich and poor alike, whatever their capacity to pay. It will also lead to negligi
31、ble new investment unless backed by government guarantees and subsidies. It could scarcely be worseand with so much energy capacity closing in the next two years constitutes a first-order national crisis.F The general direction of reform is clear. Energy companies should be required to sell their el
32、ectricity into a pool whose price would become the base price for retail. This would remove the ability to mask the relationship between costs and prices: retail prices would fall as well as rise clearly and unambiguously as pool prices changed.G The grid, which delivers electricity and gas into our
33、 homes and is the guarantor that the lights wont go out, must be in public ownership, as is Network Rail in the rail industry. It should also be connected to a pan-European grid for additional security. Green commitments, or decisions to support developing renewables, should be paid out of general t
34、axation to take the poll tax element out of energy bills, with the rich paying more than the poor for the public good. Because returns on investment take decades in the energy industry, despite what free market fundamentalists argue, the state has to assume financial responsibility of energy investm
35、ent as it is doing with nuclear and renewables.H The British energy industry has gone from nationalisation to privatisation and back to government control in the space of 25 years. Although the energy industry is nominally in private hands, we have exactly the same approach of government picking win
36、ners and dictating investment plans that was followed with disastrous consequences from the Second World War to the mid 1980s. In the 1970s and early 1980s, the consumer got unfair treatment because long-term investment plans and contracts promoted by the government required electricity companies to
37、 use expensive local coal.I The energy industry is, once again, controlled by the state. The same underlying drivers dictate policy in the new world of state control. It is not rational economic thinking and public-interested civil servants that determine policy, but interest groups. Going back 30 y
38、ears, it was the coal industryboth management and unionsand the nuclear industry that dictated policy. Tony Benn said he had “never known such a well-organised scientific, industrial and technical lobby“. Today, it is green pressure groups, EU parliamentarians and commissioners and, often, the energ
39、y industry itself that are loading burdens on to consumers. When the state controls the energy industry, whether through the back or the front door, it is vested interests (既得利益) that get their way and the consumer who pays.J So how did we get to where we are today? In the late 1980s and early 1990s
40、, the industry was entirely privatised. It was recognised that there were natural monopoly elements and so prices in these areas were regulated. At the same time, the regulator was given a duty to promote competition. From 1998, all domestic energy consumers could switch supplier for the first time
41、and then wholesale markets were liberalised, allowing energy companies to source the cheapest forms of energy. Arguably, this was the high water mark of the liberalisation of the industry.K Privatisation was a great success. Instead of investment policy being dictated by the impulses of government a
42、nd interest groups, it became dictated by long-term commercial considerations. Sadly, the era of liberalised markets, rising efficiency and lower bills did not last long. Both the recent Labour governments and the coalition have pursued similar policies of intervention after intervention to send the
43、 energy industry almost back to where it started.L One issue that unites left and many on the paternalist right is that of energy security. We certainly need government intervention to keep the lights on and ensure that we are not over-dependent on energy from unstable countries. But it should also
44、be noted that there is nothing more insecure than energy arising from a policy determined by vested interests without any concern for commercial considerations. Energy security will not be achieved by requiring energy companies to invest in expensive sources of supply and by making past investments
45、redundant through regulation. It will also not be achieved by making the investment environment even more uncertain. Several companies all seeking the cheapest supplies from diverse sources will best serve the interests of energy security.M The UK once had an inefficient and expensive energy industr
46、y. After privatisation, costs fell as the industry served the consumer rather than the mining unions and pro-nuclear interests. Today, after a decade or more of increasing state control, we have an industry that serves vested interests rather than the consumer interest once again. Electricity prices before taxes are now 15% higher than the average of major developed nations. Electricity could be around 50% cheaper without government interventions. We must liberalise again an
