1、大学英语六级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）-试卷 218 及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the proverb “Knowledge makes us humble, ignorance makes us proud. “ You can give an example or two to illustrate y
2、our point of view. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.（分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：11，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.Its very good-looking.B.Its just so-so.C.Its too formal.D.Its too casual.A.At the garment centre.B.At the department stor
3、e.C.At a small shop.D.At a fashion show.A.Because he spent much money on tailor-made shirts.B.Because he spent much money on fashion shirts.C.Because he spent much money on tailor-made jeans.D.Because he spent much money on fashion jeans.A.Something more revealing.B.Something more formal.C.Something
4、 more laid-back.D.Something more classy.A.Show her passion for journalism.B.Choose journalism as her career.C.Hand in a writing sample.D.Write an essay on a given topic.A.Peoples reactions to it.B.The plot of it.C.The characters in it.D.The director of it.A.Part-time journalists.B.Full-time photogra
5、phers.C.Full-time journalists.D.Part-time photographers.A.An article about the latest news.B.A resume and some photograph works.C.An essay for a literature class.D.A self-introduction and a photo of himself.5.Section B_A.The man who has a high opinion of himself.B.The man who has risen to the top th
6、rough his own efforts.C.The college professor who wins great respect from common workers.D.The leader in business who occupies a higher social position.A.Because servants in America are hard to get.B.Because she can hardly afford a servant.C.Because she takes pride in what she can do herself.D.Becau
7、se it is easy to prepare a meal with canned food.A.Salaries are quite low in middle-class families.B.Manual labor is highly respected in the US.C.Exercise is very important for mental labor.D.People have various hobbies in the US.A.You are deceived.B.You are targeted.C.You are tracked.D.You are disa
8、ppointed.A.By searching the network sites.B.By examining the cookies on user computers.C.By sending emails to the users.D.By consulting computer companies.A.Cell phones of poor quality.B.Annoying ads.C.Spring sandals of outdated style.D.Excessive morning news.A.It will be rooted out in a few years.B
9、.It benefits net users in many ways.C.It invades the privacy of net users seriously.D.It exists in almost all the websites.6.Section C_A.It is the major ingredient for human evolution.B.It is a medium that binds all human beings.C.It is the most popular means for communication.D.It is only used for
10、the purpose of enriching knowledge.A.By changing the speed of speaking.B.By using different dialects.C.By changing the tone at the proper time.D.By making faces.A.It will make your speech concise.B.It will save your time.C.It will make the recitation of the speech easy.D.It will avoid grammatical mi
11、stakes.A.Make a joke about it and move on.B.Explain why and how it happens.C.Keep calm, apologize and continue.D.Pretend not to notice it and go on.A.It will continue to decline gradually.B.It will expand at a somewhat faster pace.C.It will begin to move up toward two percent.D.It will intensify pro
12、blems in developing countries.A.$85 billion.B.$45 billion.C.$40 billion.D.$50 billion.A.The job growth was considered very slow.B.The jobs are not pushing up hourly wages.C.The job gains were worse than expected.D.The income gains were satisfying.A.Changing the obstacles into opportunities.B.Finding
13、 hope through parents.C.Spotting every opportunity.D.Overcoming all the difficulties.A.It is more important than money.B.People were born with it.C.People use it to get through difficulties.D.It can heal the soul.A.He gets a miracle.B.He is a superhero.C.He was born with hope.D.He tries to make his
14、life a miracle for others.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_Childrens Healthcare of Atlanta wants to move Georgia out of the top 10 list for childhood obesity(肥胖)by 2016, officials said. Doctors at Childrens Healthcare of Atlanta, the largest children
15、 healthcare organization in the United States, said they treat patients in their Health4Life Clinic as young as age 3 for complications(并发症) 1to obesity. The healthcare systems officials said it began its Strong4Life in early 2011, a large-scale public awareness 2, along with programs and partnershi
16、ps to 3kids and their parents. The first phase of the campaign, the “warning“ ads, was designed to raise awareness and 4conversation about childhood obesity. “A 5finding in the research is that while 96 percent of respondents viewed childhood obesity as a somewhat or very serious problem, only 28 pe
17、rcent of parents of an obese child considered their child overweight or obese, and only 36 percent were 6about their childs weight,“ Dr. Richard Lutz of the University of Floridas Warrington College of Business Administration said in a statement. “This 7disconnect, known as the perceived personal im
18、munity effect, has been 8for issues such as being 9affected by lung cancer, skin cancer and AIDS.“ The program also included training more than 1 000 healthcare providers, nurses and dietitians to discuss obesity with their patients; going to more than 100 schools to share with children the importan
19、ce of healthy eating and physical 10and educating more than 430 daycare centre staff to use Strong4Life tool kits to teach healthy habits at an early age. A)activity F)documented K)practice B)apparent G)easily L)reach C)campaign H)fatal M)related D)concerned I)immediately N)remarkable E)contributed
20、J)interact O)spark（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_How Girls Can Win in Math and Science? A)Math is a cumulative subject, unlike say history, which can be learned in discrete units. College algebra(代数)is basically a course in the language o
21、f mathematics. Some might say that algebra is the mechanics of mathematics. The examples included at this level are simple, designed to reinforce that the student has learned the “how“. The next layer of courses teaches how to use this language, or this set of tools, to describe and model the real w
22、orld. Being able to do this should leave no doubt in the students mind that they are mathematically competent. B)For years, feminists have lamented(悲叹)the sorry state of girls in math and science, as they lag behind their male peers in test scores and shy away from careers in engineering and technol
23、ogy. Yet perhaps the most frustrating recent development on the topic is that some of the very programs designed to help girls get ahead may be holding them backor are simply misguided. Take single-sex math and science classes. While they seem like a logical way to give girls a jump-start in these s
24、ubjects, new research suggests this initiativechampioned over the past two decades as a possible solutionmay backfire. C)In a study published last year, psychologist Howard Glasser at Bryn Mawr College examined teacher-student interaction in sex-segregated science classes. As it turned out, teachers
25、 behaved differently toward boys and girls in a way that gave boys an advantage in scientific thinking. While boys were encouraged to engage in back-and-forth questioning with the teacher and fellow students, girls had many fewer such experiences. Glasser suggests they didnt learn to argue in the sa
26、me way as boys, and argument is the key to scientific thinking. Glasser points out that sex-segregated classrooms can construct differences between the sexes by giving them unequal experiences. Unfortunately, such differences can impact kids choices about future courses and careers. Its worth noting
27、 that the girls and boys in these science classes had similar grades, which masked the uneven dynamic. It was only when researchers reviewed videotapes of the lessons that they got a deeper analysis of what was actually going on, and what the kids were really learning. D)Glassers research got a boos
28、t last September when the journal Science published a scathing(严厉批评的)report on the larger issue of single-sex education, titled “The Pseudoscience of Single-Sex Schooling“. In the article, eight leading psychologists and neuroscientists debunked(揭穿的真相)research supporting single-sex education, and ar
29、gued that sex segregation “increases gender stereotyping and legitimizes institutional sexism“. E)Another misguidedor, mistimedeffort to improve girls performance is the “you can do it“ messaging directed toward girls in middle school, the period when their scores start lagging. New research shows t
30、hat even when preteen girls say they believe this message, “stereotype threat“when negative cultural stereotypes affect a groups behaviorhas a dampening effect on their actual performance. F)In a 2009 study, psychologist Pascal Huguet of Frances Aix-Marseille University found that middle-school girl
31、s scored highest on tests measuring visual-spatial abilitieswhich are key to success in engineering, chemistry, medicine, and architecture, fields that promise high-paying, prestigious jobs down the roadwhen they were led to believe that there were no gender differences on the tasks. Not surprisingl
32、y, when they were told that boys do better on these tasks, they did poorly. But curiously, when they were given no information, allowing cultural stereotypes to operate, they also did poorly. The stereotypes were already firmly established. The authors discovered: By middle school its too little, to
33、o late. G)To disarm stereotypes, we must actively arm girls against themstarting at a very young age. By first or second grade, both girls and boys have the notion that math is a “boy thing“. But a 2011 study by psychologist Anthony Greenwald of the University of Washington found that theres a windo
34、w of opportunity during these early years in which, while girls do see math largely as a male preserve, they havent yet made the connection that “because I am a girl, math is not for me“. During this short period, girls are relatively open to the idea that they can enjoy and do well at math. H)One s
35、trategy? Researchers suggest we take gender out of the equation in teaching about occupations. Rather than saying “girls can be scientists“, we should talk about what scientists do. For example, kids may be especially interested to know that scientists study how the world around them really works. P
36、sychologists Rebecca Bigler of the University of Texas at Austin and Lynn Liben at Penn State say that when girls are encouraged to think this way, theyre much more likely to retain what theyre taught than they would be if they were just given the generic “girls can do science“ message. I)Finally, w
37、hile women teachers can lead the way for girls in math and science, acting as role models, parents should be on the lookout for teachers math anxiety. A 2010 study of first- and second-graders led by psychologist Sian L. Beilock at the University of Chicago found that girls may learn to fear math fr
38、om their earliest instructorsand that female elementary-school teachers who lack confidence in their own math skills could be passing their anxiety along to their students. The more anxious teachers were about their own skills, the more likely their female students were to agree that “boys are good
39、at math and girls are good at reading“. And according to Beilock, elementary-education majors at the college level have the highest math anxiety level of any major, and may be unwittingly passing along a virus of underachievement to girls. J)Parents can “vaccinate“ girls against their teachers math
40、anxiety, according to new research. But there may be a silver lining to this story for parents. Even if your daughter has a teacher with high math anxiety, its not inevitable that shes going to experience problems with mathit turns out that parents(or others)can “vaccinate“ girls against their teach
41、ers qualms(疑虑). Beilock found that teachers anxiety alone didnt do the damage. If girls already had a belief that “girls arent good at math“, their achievement suffered. But the girls who didnt buy into that stereotype, who thought, of course I can be good at math, didnt tumble into an achievement g
42、ulf. K)Now that we have reason to believe that gender stereotyping starts much earlier than previously thought, we also need to accept that countering it requires more sophisticated approaches than those we now use. If girls continue to lag behind in math areas, our future economy and competitivenes
43、s could suffer. Its critical that we start our efforts in the primary grades and look beyond the obvious to succeed. If we look “under the hood“ at whats really going on with girls, instead of just skimming the surface, we can provide more than mere cosmetic solutions.（分数：20.00）(1).Dissimilar to his
44、tory, math should be learned through sequential lessons.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Its better to help girls get rid of gender stereotypes before they think they cannot be good at math as girls.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).New research suggests that single-sex math and science classes may have negative effects which
45、 are opposite to the intended purpose on girls.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Rather than talking about gender differences in teaching about occupations, researchers suggest that we encourage kids to think what scientists do.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).In sex-segregated science classes, girls are offered few opportuni
46、ties to engage in argument which is crucial to scientific thinking.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).Though women teachers are likely to guide the way for girls in math and science classes as role models, parents should pay attention to teachers math anxiety.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).Sex-segregated education increases sex stereotyping and makes sexism seem acceptable.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_
