1、大学英语六级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）-试卷 217 及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the National Fitness Program following the outline given below. You should write at least 150 words but no more
2、 than 200 words. 1近年来，在我国竞技体育事业取得辉煌的同时，“全民健身”的热潮也日益高涨 2推动“全民健身”仍面临一些困难 3我的看法和建议（分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：11，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.Australia.B.America.C.Britain.D.Austria.A.Approving.B.Disapproving.C.Cautious.D.Uncertain.A.Give up his right to vote.B.Vote
3、 randomly.C.Support one party firmly.D.Take politics seriously.A.When they are in a hurry.B.When they are forced to vote.C.When they dislike all the listed parties.D.When they dont want to waste their votes.A.To attend the orientation.B.To meet his professor.C.To find some books.D.To use the compute
4、r.A.The name of the author.B.His student ID.C.The title of the book.D.His whereabouts.A.On the second floor of the west wing.B.On the second floor of the east wing.C.On the first floor of the west wing.D.On the first floor of the east wing.A.Because the professor may need them from time to time.B.Be
5、cause they are very precious and valuable.C.Because the professor hopes they are available to all the students.D.Because they are already reserved by some students.5.Section B_A.Traffic jam.B.Bad weather.C.Truancy.D.Club activities.A.Pupils with musical talent.B.Pupils with high scores.C.Pupils havi
6、ng their homework done.D.Pupils with good attendance.A.Punishing students who damage school property.B.Rewarding schools that have decreased the destruction.C.Promoting teachers who can prevent the destruction.D.Cutting the budget for repairs and replacements.A.Tiredness.B.Shallow breaths.C.Obesity.
7、D.Snoring.A.Men with sleep apnea seldom showed brain problems.B.Women with sleep apnea were more likely to become depressed.C.Most cases of sleep apnea had been diagnosed officially.D.People with sleep apnea would become depressed sooner or later.A.The structure of a persons brain.B.The vessel surro
8、unding the windpipe.C.The oversized tongue.D.The overweight body.A.Sleep apnea will necessarily lead to depression.B.Half of the people suffering sleep apnea will become depressed.C.The relationship between sleep apnea and depression still needs further proof.D.There is no connection between sleep a
9、pnea and depression.6.Section C_A.The military sector.B.The IT sector.C.The housing sector.D.The financial sector.A.Because she stopped working after she was hurt.B.Because she failed to make some of her mortgage payments.C.Because she failed to convince officials she was entitled to a pension.D.Bec
10、ause she failed to pass doctors exams.A.Foreclosure.B.Unemployment.C.Home values.D.Housing demands.A.Carbon dioxide emissions.B.El Nino event.C.Air pollution.D.Climate change.A.Exhaust emissions from cars and other vehicles.B.The increasing population and the decreasing green vegetation.C.The chemic
11、al reaction between methane and nitrous oxide.D.The burning of fossil fuels and other human activity.A.Because CO 2 accounts for 65 percent of climate change.B.Because the level of CO 2 emissions has reached a record high.C.Because the lifetime of CO 2 is very long.D.Because CO 2 is a main greenhous
12、e gas.A.The climate can be improved through concrete action.B.The climate can be improved through political will.C.The climate can be improved due to the Paris Climate agreement.D.The climate can be improved as emissions reductions are legally binding.A.Mild cognitive impairment can be cured by weig
13、ht lifting.B.Increased muscle strength can improve brain function in older adults.C.People with cognitive impairment cannot lead normal lives.D.Cognitive training can improve brain function in those over the age of 55.A.Weight lifting sessions.B.Cognitive training sessions.C.Endurance running sessio
14、ns.D.High jump sessions.A.If the increases in brain size are also related to the effect of brain training.B.If the increases in brain size are also related to the improvement of brain function.C.If the increases in muscle strength are also related to the improvement of brain function.D.If the increa
15、ses in muscle strength are also related to increases in brain size.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_Waffles? French toast? Bacon? Big breakfasts may be a thing of the past. According to the Associated Press, more Americans are consuming breakfast in
16、stages thanks to on-the-go lifestyles and the belief that multiple, smaller meals are 1than three large ones. Serial eating is only expected to increase in the coming years. The NPD Group, a market research company, 2that the number of times people will snack in the mornings will increase 23% betwee
17、n 2008 and 2018, 3with 20% and 15% increases in afternoon and evening snacking, 4. Unlike their evening alter-egos, morning snackers tend to be more health 5, looking for low-calorie foods with more fiber, antioxidants(抗氧化物)and whole grains. For instance, General Mills introduced its 140-calorie Fib
18、er One bars in 2007, but recently added three more flavors as well as 90-calorie versions. This may be new in the US, but a second breakfast is 6in countries such as Germany. In Bavaria, a traditional second breakfast 7of white sausages, pretzels(椒盐卷饼), sweet mustard and, of course, beer. But snacke
19、rs, beware: Though spreading calories across several meals is generally accepted to be healthier, it can actually cause people to over-consume and gain weight, David Levitsky, a professor of nutrition and psychology at Cornell University, told the AP. Maybe the trend toward portable, quick-hit break
20、fasts will 8more people to eat in the morning. According to the Huffington Post, a 2011 9by the NPD Group found that 10 percent of the US population, or 31 million Americans, 10the most important meal of the day. A)compared F)estimates K)particularly B)connected G)healthier L)respectively C)consciou
21、s H)inspire M)skip D)consists I)made N)supervision E)easier J)necessary O)survey（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_A Best Friend? You Must Be Kidding A)From the time they met in kindergarten until they were 15, Robin Shreeves and her friend P
22、enny were inseparable. They rode bikes, played kickball in the street, swam all summer long and listened to music on the stereo. They told each other secrets like which boys they thought were cute, as best friends always do. B)Today, Ms. Shreeves, of suburban Philadelphia, is the mother of two boys.
23、 Her 10-year-old has a best friend. In fact, he is the son of Ms. Shreevess own friend, Penny. But Ms. Shreevess younger son, 8, does not. His favorite playmate is a boy who was in his preschool class, but Ms. Shreeves says that the two dont get together very often because scheduling play dates can
24、be complicated; they usually have to be planned a week or more in advance. “Hell say, I wish I had someone I can always call, “ Ms. Shreeves said. C)One might be tempted to feel some sympathy for the younger son. After all, from Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn to Harry Potter and Ron Weasley, the childhood
25、 “best friend“ has long been romanticized in literature and pop culturenot to mention in the sentimental memories of countless adults. D)But increasingly, some educators and other professionals who work with children are asking a question that might surprise their parents: Should a child really have
26、 a best friend? E)Most children naturally seek close friends. In a survey of nearly 3 000 Americans ages 8 to 24 conducted last year by Harris Interactive, 94 percent said they had at least one close friend. But the classic best-friend bondthe two special pals who share secrets and exploits, who att
27、ract each other on the playground and who head out the door together every day after schoolsignals potential trouble for school officials intent on discouraging anything that hints at exclusivity, in part because of concerns about cliques(帮派)and bullying. F)“I think it is kids preference to pair up
28、and have that one best friend. As adultsteachers and counselorswe try to encourage them not to do that,“ said Christine Laycob, director of counseling at Mary Institute and St. Louis Country Day School in St. Louis. “We try to talk to kids and work with them to get them to have big groups of friends
29、 and not be so possessive about friends.“ “Parents sometimes say Johnny needs that one special friend,“ she continued. “We say he doesnt need a best friend.“ G)For many child-rearing experts, the ideal situation might well be that of Matthew and Margaret Guest, 12-year-old twins in suburban Atlanta,
30、 who almost always socialize in a pack. One typical Friday afternoon, about 10 boys and girls filled the Guest family backyard. Kids were jumping on the trampoline(蹦床), shooting baskets and playing hide-and-seek. Neither Margaret nor Matthew has ever had a best friend. “I just really dont have one p
31、erson I like more than others,“ Margaret said. “Most people have lots of friends.“ Matthew said he considers 12 boys to be his good friends and says he sees most of them “pretty much every weekend“. Their mother, Laura Guest, said their school tries to prevent bullying through workshops and posters.
32、 And extracurricular activities keep her children group-orientedMargaret is on the swim team and does gymnastics; Matthew plays football and baseball. H)As the calendar moves into summer, efforts to manage friendships dont stop with the closing of school. In recent years Timber Lake Camp, a co-ed sl
33、eep-away camp in Phoenicia, N. Y., has started employing “friendship coaches“ to work with campers to help every child become friends with everyone else. If two children seem to be too focused on each other, the camp will make sure to put them on different sports teams, seat them at different ends o
34、f the dining table or, perhaps, have a counselor invite one of them to participate in an activity with another child whom they havent yet gotten to know. I dont think its particularly healthy for a child to rely on one friend,“ said Jay Jacobs, the camps director. “If something goes wrong, it can be
35、 devastating. It also limits a childs ability to explore other options in the world.“ I)But such an attitude worries some psychologists who fear that children will be denied the strong emotional support and security that comes with intimate friendships. “Do we want to encourage kids to have all sort
36、s of superficial relationships? Is that how we really want to rear our children?“ asked Brett Laursen, a psychology professor at Florida Atlantic University whose specialty is peer relationships. “ Imagine the implication for romantic relationships. We want children to get good at leading close rela
37、tionships, not superficial ones.“ Many psychologists believe that close childhood friendships not only increase a childs self-esteem and confidence, but also help children develop the skills for healthy adult relationshipseverything from empathy, the ability to listen and console, to the process of
38、arguing and making up. If childrens friendships are designed and cleaned by adults, the argument goes, how is a child to prepare emotionally for both the affection and rejection likely to come later in life? J)“No one can teach you what a great friend is, what a fair-weather friend is, what a betray
39、ing friend is except to have a great friend, a fair-weather friend or a betraying friend,“ said Michael Thompson, a psychologist who is an author of the book Best Friends, Worst Enemies: Understanding the Social Lives of Children. “When a teacher is trying to tone down a best-friend culture, I would
40、 like to know why,“ Dr. Thompson said. “Is it causing misery for the class? Or is there one girl who does have friends but just cant bear the thought that she doesnt have as good a best friend as another? That to me is normal social pain. If youre intervening in the lives of kids who are just experi
41、encing normal social pain, you shouldnt be.“ K)Schools insist they dont intend to break up close friendships but rather to encourage courtesy, respect and kindness to all. “I dont see schools really in the business of trying to prevent friendships as far as they are trying to give students an opport
42、unity to interact socially with other students in a variety of different ways,“ said Patti Kinney, who was a teacher and a principal in an Oregon middle school for 33 years and is now an official at the National Association of Secondary School Principals. L)Still, school officials admit they watch c
43、lose friendships carefully for adverse effects. “When two children discover a special bond between them, we honor that bond, provided that neither child overtly or covertly excludes or rejects others,“ said Jan Mooney, a psychologist at the Town School, a nursery through eighth grade private school
44、on the Upper East Side of Manhattan. “However, the bottom line is that if we find a best friend pairing to be destructive to either child, or to others in the classroom, we will not hesitate to separate children and to work with the children and their parents to ensure healthier relationships in the
45、 future.“（分数：20.00）(1).Some psychologists believe that close friendships can offer strong emotional support and security.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Ms. Shreevess younger son does not play with his favorite playmate very often due to the complexity of scheduling play dates.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Patti Kinney t
46、hinks that schools are not against close friendships but trying to help kids socialize with all fellow students.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).For school officials, the best-friend bond can be troublesome partly because it may result in cliques or bullying.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).According to Dr. Thompson, kids should experience for themselves normal social pain without the intervention of adults.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).Ch
