1、大学英语六级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）-试卷 211 及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “Happiness is Like a Butterfly“. You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at le
2、ast 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.（分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：11，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.Assignment.B.Entertainment.C.Summer vocation.D.Career plans.A.He is tired of doing oral presentation.B.He is incompetent.C.He
3、has something important to do.D.The deadline is not yet to come.A.William Carlos Williams.B.A poem.C.A short story writer.D.It doesnt mentioned.A.They have dinner together.B.The woman help the man listen to his talk.C.The man help the woman listen to her talk.D.They go to the library.A.Projector.B.S
4、oftware.C.Output equipment.D.Slide.A.The system invites learners to speak directly with speakers.B.The system offers learners to do dictation.C.The system invites learners to be involved in the conversation of native speakers.D.The system can keep record.A.Improving spoken English.B.Sharpening liste
5、ning ability.C.Enlarging idiom vocabulary.D.Improving writing skills.A.Multimedia teaching system.B.A TV program.C.How to improve oral English.D.How to communicate with foreigners.5.Section B_A.Eight.B.Seven.C.Six.D.Five.A.Four.B.Fourteen.C.Five.D.Fifteen.A.They agreed to kill all the sick birds.B.T
6、hey agreed to report any breakout of bird flu.C.They endorsed a bird flu-prevention “road map“.D.They agreed to carry out research in this field.A.Alaska.B.Oklahoma.C.California.D.Hawaii.A.Lake Tulainyo.B.Mojave Desert.C.Death Valley.D.The Salton Sea.A.About 3 miles.B.Only 100 miles.C.282 feet.D.14,
7、494 feet.A.The Pacific Ocean.B.San Joaquin Valley.C.Mojave Desert.D.Oregon and Washington.6.Section C_A.To explain why Wright became an architect.B.To describe the positive aspects of Wrights architecture.C.To explain why Wright s style of architecture became less popular.D.To describe the materials
8、 Wight used in construction.A.His houses were often small.B.His designs were overly simple.C.His roofs often leaked.D.His building did not match their natural surroundings.A.He helped construct a chapel.B.He took over his family s business.C.He trained under Guggenheim.D.He worked on a project overs
9、eas.A.They characterize stages in Wrights career.B.Wright died while they were being constructed.C.They were Wright s earliest buildings.D.They are examples of Wrights classical styles.A.Theories of how the universe evolved.B.Similarities between the planets in the solar system.C.Reason for the high
10、 density of earth.D.Theories of the origin of the Moon.A.Earth and the Moon traveled at different speeds.B.The Moon formed billions of years before Earth.C.Earth did not have enough gravitational pull.D.Earth and the Moon were too far from each other.A.The Moon has no water.B.The Moon s materials ca
11、me from Earth s core.C.The Moon s core differs from its surface.D.The Moon contains little iron.A.It is difficult to define.B.Its causes are often unknown.C.Psychologists disagree about how to treat it.D.Its symptoms often go unnoticed.A.To explain the effect it has on mental illness.B.To suggest th
12、at it is easier to diagnose than mental illness.C.To discuss the role of medicine in clinical psychology.D.To show the similarities between physical and mental illness.A.Another means of measuring normal behavior.B.Why some politicians arent well adjusted.C.How an individual s behavior is influenced
13、 by therapy.D.Problems often encountered by psychologists.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Comprehension_8.Section A_Using a computer or smartphone at night can cause us to pile on the pounds, new research has revealed. The study found a link between blue light exposureblue l
14、ight is 1by smartphones and tabletsand increased hunger. It found that exposure to the light increases hunger levels for several hours and even increases hunger levels after eating a meal. Results of the US study show that blue-enriched light exposure, compared with 2light exposure, was 3with an inc
15、rease in hunger that began 15 minutes after light onset and was still present almost two hours after the meal. Blue light exposure has also already been shown to decreased 4in the evening increasing the risk of insomnia. Study co-author Ivy Cheung, of Northwestern University, in Chicago, said: “A si
16、ngle three-hour exposure to blue-enriched light in the evening 5impacted hunger and glucose metabolism. “ “These results are important because they suggest that manipulating environmental light exposure for humans may represent a novel 6of influencing food intake patterns and metabolism.“ The study
17、group 710 healthy adults with regular sleep and eating schedules who received 8carbohydrate-rich meals. They completed a four-day trial under dim light conditions, which involved exposure to less than 20 lux during 16 hours 9and less than three lux during eight hours of sleep. On day three they were
18、 exposed to three hours of 260 lux, blue-enriched light starting 10.5 hours after waking up, and the effects were compared with dim light exposure on day two. Ms Cheung said more research is needed to determine the 10of action involved in the relationship between light exposure, hunger and metabolis
19、m.A)exposure B)awake C)associated D)emittedE)related F)acutely G)comprised H)sleepinessI)agencies J)significant K)approach L)identicalM)dim N)mechanisms O)Slightly（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_New Discoveries of Public TransportA)A new s
20、tudy conducted for the World Bank by Murdoch Universitys Institute for Science and Technology Policy(ISTP)has demonstrated that public transport is more efficient than cars. The study compared the proportion of wealth poured into transport by thirty-seven cities around the world. This included both
21、the public and private costs of building, maintaining and using a transport system.B)The study found that the Western Australian city of Perth is a good example of a city with minimal public transport. As a result, 17% of its wealth went into transport costs. Some European and Asian cities, on the o
22、ther hand, spent as little as 5%. Professor Peter Newman, ISTP Director, pointed out that these more efficient cities were able to put the difference into attracting industry and jobs or creating a better place to live.C)According to Professor Newman, the larger Australian city of Melbourne is a rat
23、her unusual city in this sort of comparison. He describes it as two cities: “A European city surrounded by a car-dependent one“. Melbournes large tram network has made car use in the inner city much lower, but the outer suburbs have the same car-based structure as most other Australian cities. The e
24、xplosion in demand for accommodation in the inner suburbs of Melbourne suggests a recent change in many people s preferences as to where they live.D)Newman says this is a new, broader way of considering public transport issues. In the past, the case for public transport has been made on the basis of
25、 environmental and social justice considerations rather than economics. Newman, however, believes the study demonstrates that “the auto-dependent city model is inefficient and grossly inadequate in economic as well as environ-mental terms“.E)Bicycle use was not included in the study but Newman noted
26、 that the two most “bicycle friendly“ cities consideredAmsterdam and Copenhagenwere very efficient, even though their public transport systems were“reasonable but not special“.F)It is common for supporters of road networks to reject the models of cities with good public transport by arguing that suc
27、h systems would not work in their particular city. One objection is climate. Some people say their city could not make more use of public transport because it is either too hot or too cold. Newman rejects this, pointing out that public transport has been successful in both Toronto and Singapore and,
28、 in fact, he has checked the use of cars against climate and found “zero correlation“.G)When it comes to other physical features, road lobbies are on stronger ground. For example, Newman accepts it would be hard for a city as hilly as Auckland to develop a really good rail network. However, he point
29、s out that both Hong Kong and Zurich have managed to make a success of their rail systems, heavy and light respectively, though there are few cities in the world as hilly.H)In fact, Newman believes the main reason for adopting one sort of transport over another is politics: “The more democratic the
30、process, the more public transport is favoured.“ He considers Portland, Oregon, a perfect example of this. Some years ago, federal money was granted to build a new road. However, local pressure groups forced a referendum over whether to spend the money on light rail instead. The rail proposal won an
31、d the railway worked spectacularly well. In the years that have followed, more and more rail systems have been put in, dramatically changing the nature of the city. Newman notes that Portland has about the same population as Perth and had a similar population density at the time.I)In the UK, travel
32、times to work had been stable for at least six centuries, with people avoiding situations that required them to spend more than half an hour travelling to work. Trains and cars initially allowed people to live at greater distances without taking longer to reach their destination. However, public inf
33、rastructure did not keep pace with urban sprawl, causing massive congestion problems which now make commuting times far higher.J)There is a widespread belief that increasing wealth encourages people to live farther out where cars are the only viable transport. The example of European cities refutes
34、that. They are often wealthier than their American counterparts but have not generated the same level of car use. In Stockholm, car use has actually fallen in recent years as the city has become larger and wealthier. A new study makes this point even more starkly. Developing cities in Asia, such as
35、Jakarta and Bangkok, make more use of the car than wealthy Asian cities such as Tokyo and Singapore. In cities that developed later, the World Bank and Asian Development Bank discouraged the building of public transport and people have been forced to rely on cars creating the massive traffic jams th
36、at characterize those cities.K)Newman believes one of the best studies on how cities built for cars might be converted to rail use is The Urban Village report, which used Melbourne as an example. It found that pushing everyone into the city centre was not the best approach. Instead, the proposal adv
37、ocated the creation of urban villages at hundreds of sites, mostly around railway stations. L)It was once assumed that improvements in telecommunications would lead to more dispersal in the population as people were no longer forced into cities. However, the ISTP team s research demonstrates that th
38、e population and job density of cities rose or remained constant in the 1980s after decades of decline. The explanation for this seems to be that it is valuable to place people working in related fields together. “The new world will largely depend on human creativity, and creativity flourishes where
39、 people come together face-to-face.“（分数：20.00）(1).In Melbourne, people prefer to live in the inner suburbs.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Auckland is hilly, therefore it is inappropriate for it to develop rail transport system.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).In the UK, travel times to work increase because public infrastr
40、ucture did not keep pace with urban sprawl.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).The ISTP study examined public and private systems in thirty-seven cities around the world.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).The Urban Village used Melbourne to illustrate that we should avoid an overcrowded centre.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).Efficient cities
41、 can improve the quality of life for their inhabitants.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).Cities with high levels of bicycle usage can be efficient even when public transport is only aver-agely good.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).The example of European cities shows that higher incomes need not mean more cars.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:
42、_(9).Portland profitably moved from road to light rail transport system.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).The fact that the population and job density of cities rose or remained constant in the 1980s demonstrates that working together in cities is beneficial.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Section C_Mathematical ability and
43、musical ability may not seem on the surface to be connected, but people who have researched the subject and studied the brain say that they are. Three quarters of the bright but speech-delayed children in the group I studied had a close relative who was an engineer, mathematician or scientist, and f
44、our fifths had a close relative who played a musical instrument. The children themselves usually took readily to math and other analytical subjects and to music. Black, white and Asian children in this group show the same patterns. However, it is clear that blacks have been greatly overrepresented i
45、n the development of American popular music and greatly underrepresented in such fields as mathematics, science and engineering. If the abilities required in analytical fields and in music are so closely related, how can there be this great discrepancy ? One reason is that the development of mathematical and other such abilities requires years of formal schooling, while certain musical talents can be developed with little or no formal training, as has happened with a number of well-known black musicians. It is precisely in those kinds of musi
