1、大学英语六级 78及答案解析(总分：428.02，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Computer and Online Games. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1大学生接触电脑游戏的概况 2电脑游戏对大学生的利与弊 3我对这一问题的看法 （分数：30.00）_二、Pa
2、rt II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)I was talking recently to a friend who teaches at MIT. His field is hot now and every year he is inundated(淹没) by applications from would-be graduate students. “A lot of them seem smart,“ he said. “What I cant tell is whether they have any kind of taste.“ You dont hear
3、 that word much now. And yet we still need the underlying concept, whatever we call it. What my friend meant was that he wanted students who were not just good technicians, but who could use their technical knowledge to design beautiful things. For those of us who design things, these are not just t
4、heoretical questions. If there is such a thing as beauty, we need to be able to recognize it. We need good taste to make good things. Instead of treating beauty as an airy abstraction, to be either blathered about or avoided depending on how one feels about airy abstractions, lets try considering it
5、 as a practical question: how do you make good stuff? If you mention taste nowadays, a lot of people will tell you that “taste is subjective.“ They believe this because it really feels that way to them. When they like something, they have no idea why. It could be because its beautiful, or because th
6、eir mother had one, or because they saw a movie star with one in a magazine, or because they know its expensive. Their thoughts are a tangle of unexamined impulses. Like many of the half-truths adults tell us, this one contradicts other things they tell us. After dinning into you that taste is merel
7、y a matter of personal preference, they take you to the museum and tell you that you should pay attention because Leonardo is a great artist. What goes through the kids head at this point? What does he think “great artist“ means? After having been told for years that everyone just likes to do things
8、 their own way, he is unlikely to head straight for the conclusion that a great artist is someone whose work is better than the others. A far more likely theory, in his Ptolemaic (托勒密) model of the universe, is that a great artist is something thats good for you, like broccoli, because someone said
9、so in a book. Saying that taste is just a personal preference is a good way to prevent disputes. The trouble is, its not true. You feel this when you start to design things. Whatever job people do, they naturally want to do better. Football players like to win games. CEOs like to increase earnings.
10、Its a matter of pride, and a real pleasure, to get better at your job. But if your job is to design things, and there is no such thing as beauty, then there is no way to get better at your job. If taste is just personal preference, then everyones is already perfect: you like whatever you like, and t
11、hats it. As in any job, as you continue to design things, youll get better at it. Your tastes will change. And, like anyone who gets better at their job, youll know youre getting better. If so, your old tastes were not merely different, but worse. Poof goes the axiom that taste cant be wrong. Relati
12、vism is fashionable at the moment, and that may hamper you from thinking about taste, even as yours grows. But if you come out of the closet and admit, at least to yourself, that there is such a thing as good and bad design, then you can start to study good design in detail. How has your taste chang
13、ed? When you made mistakes, what caused you to make them? What have other people learned about design? Once you start to examine the question, its surprising how much different fields ideas of beauty have in common. The same principles of good design crop up again and again. Good design is simple. Y
14、ou hear this from math to painting. In math it means that a shorter proof tends to be a better one. Where axioms are concerned, especially, less is more. It means much the same thing in programming. For architects and designers it means that beauty should depend on a few carefully chosen structural
15、elements rather than a profusion of superficial ornament. (Ornament is not in itself bad, only when its camouflage on insipid form.) Similarly, in painting, a still life of a few carefully observed and solidly modelled objects will tend to be more interesting than a stretch of flashy but mindlessly
16、repetitive painting of, say, a lace collar. In writing it means: say what you mean and say it briefly. Good design is timeless. Aiming at timelessness is a way to make yourself find the best answer: if you can imagine someone surpassing you, you should do it yourself. Some of the greatest masters di
17、d this so well that they left little room for those who came after. Every engraver since Durer has had to live in his shadow. Aiming at timelessness is also a way to evade the grip of fashion. Fashions almost by definition change with time, so if you can make something that will still look good far
18、into the future, then its appeal must derive more from merit and less from fashion. Good design is suggestive. In architecture and design, this principle means that a building or object should let you use it how you want: a good building, for example, will serve as a backdrop for whatever life peopl
19、e want to lead in it, instead of making them live as if they were executing a program written by the architect. In software, it means you should give users a few basic elements that they can combine as they wish. In math it means a proof that becomes the basis for a lot of new work is preferable to
20、a proof that was difficult, but doesnt lead to future discoveries; in the sciences generally, citation is considered a rough indicator of merit. Good design is hard. Hard problems call for great efforts. In math, difficult proofs require ingenious solutions, and those tend to be interesting. Ditto i
21、n engineering. When you have to climb a mountain you toss everything unnecessary out of your pack. And so an architect who has to build on a difficult site, or a small budget, will find that he is forced to produce an elegant design. Fashions and flourishes get knocked aside by the difficult busines
22、s of solving the problem at all. Good design looks easy. In most fields the appearance of ease seems to come with practice. Perhaps what practice does is to train your unconscious mind to handle tasks that used to require conscious thought. In some cases you literally train your body. An expert pian
23、ist can play notes faster than the brain can send signals to his hand. Likewise an artist, after a while, can make visual perception flow in through his eye and out through his hand as automatically as someone tapping his foot to a beat. When people talk about being in “the zone,“ I think what they
24、mean is that the spinal cord has the situation under control. Your spinal cord is less hesitant, and it frees conscious thought for the hard problems. Good design uses symmetry. I think symmetry may just be one way to achieve simplicity, but its important enough to be mentioned on its own. Nature us
25、es it a lot, which is a good sign. There are two kinds of symmetry, repetition and recursion. Recursion means repetition in subelements, like the pattern of veins in a leaf. The danger of symmetry, and repetition especially, is that it can be used as a substitute for thought. Good design resembles n
26、ature. Its not so much that resembling nature is intrinsically good as that nature has had a long time to work on the problem. Its a good sign when your answer resembles natures. Its not cheating to copy. Working from life is a valuable tool in painting. The aim is not simply to make a record. The p
27、oint of painting from life is that it gives your mind something to chew on: when your eyes are looking at something, your hands will do more interesting work. （分数：71.00）(1).By taste, my friend meant that he wanted students who were not good technicians, but who could use their technical knowledge to
28、 design beautiful things.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).In math, simplicity means that a detailed proof tends to be a better one.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).If you can make something that is timeless, then its appeal must derive more from merit and less from fashion.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).I think symmetry may be
29、 the only way to achieve simplicity, so its important enough to be mentioned on its own.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Many people today believe that taste is subjective because their thoughts tend to be a tangle of_.（分数：7.10）_(6).Simplicity means_ in writing.（分数：7.10）_(7).A good building, will serve as_, i
30、nstead of making them live as if they were executing a program written by the architect.（分数：7.10）_(8).Perhaps what practice does is to train your unconscious mind to_.（分数：7.10）_(9).The danger of symmetry, and repetition especially, is that it can be used as_ for thought.（分数：7.10）_(10).The point of p
31、ainting from life is that it gives your mind_: when your eyes are looking at something, your hands will do more interesting work.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She was afraid of the professor.B.She didnt enter her house.C.She didnt make full preparations for her lessons,D.She lost
32、 her key.A.In Canada.B.In their homeland.C.Not in Canada.D.In the U. S.A.To go to Mount Lu.B.To go to work in a factory.C.To go back home.D.To stay at the school.A.He had better stop taking the cough medicine.B.He will take another medicine instead of this.C.He should have patience to cure his cough
33、.D.He should take the medicine for a long time.A.Because they have some financial problems.B.Because there will be much rain in May.C.Because they wont have free time until after May.D.Because they wont have got everything ready by then.A.The woman is a better mechanic than he is.B.He might help the
34、 woman much.C.He doesnt know a lot about newer cars.D.The woman shouldnt buy a used car.A.He will get his watch fixed.B.He will arrive at classes on time.C.He will stop disrupting the class.D.He will watch his classmates reaction.A.He was badly injured.B.He lost his seat belt.C.His car broke down.D.
35、He was slightly hurt.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.She doesnt want to pay the late fee.B.She is given incorrect information.C.She cant afford to pay her tuition.D.She didnt pass her mathematics class last semester.A.The director couldnt give her an appointment right away.B.The office was closed the f
36、irst time she went.C.The computers were out of service the first time she was there.D.She did not have acceptable identification with her on her first visit.A.Her prior schooling.B.Her name and residence address.C.Her age.D.Her driving record.A.The director probably isnt able to make an exception.B.
37、The director probably wont see her.C.The director usually isnt very helpful.D.Part-time students arent the directors responsibility.A.Those who like the same things that you do.B.Those who you can argue and not lose your temper.C.Those who you dont have to talk to all the time but can be silent with
38、.D.All the above.A.To Jean, friendship is more important than life.B.To Jean, friendship is more important than love.C.To Jean, friendship is more important than anything else.D.To Jean, friendship is more important than family members.A.Love can lead to a lot of hurt feelings.B.Love can lead to a l
39、ot of quarrels.C.Love can lead to a lot of bitterness.D.Friends are very important.A.Robert has lived in many places.B.Robert usually loses contact with his friends whenever he moves away.C.Robert doesnt write good letters.D.Robert believes that the friendship between him and his friends is just as
40、strong as before though they are not living in the same area.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)A.How to resolve personal problems.B.How to become a millionaire.C.How to manage your money.D.How to succeed in career.A.You will get everything you want.B.You will become a man in life.C.You neednt ask for help
41、any more.D.You will become a millionaire.A.Because modern life is more difficult to deal with.B.Because people have more free time to spend than before.C.Because people have more problems than before.D.Because People have more choices to make than before.A.25 million.B.75 million.C.55 million.D.5 mi
42、llion.A.Government funded.B.Political.C.Private.D.None of the above.A.Wars or natural disasters make them lose their families.B.They want to help their families earn enough money to survive.C.They are poor.D.All the above.A.The Philippines.B.Brazil.C.Mexico.D.Guatemala.A.In 1809.B.In 1818.C.In the 1
43、880s.D.In the 1890s.A.Sell pens.B.Repair pens.C.Develop pens.D.Making pens.A.Because he wanted to make more money.B.Because he was fired by the school because he sold pens to his students.C.Because he was proud of his repair skills.D.Because he felt the pens he sold needed to be improved.六、Section C
44、(总题数：1，分数：10.00)We have all seen such films in which robots are superior to man. Compared with those (36) 1 machines, man appears both physically and (37) 2weaker. (38) 3by robots, man is no longer the master of the world. (39) 4by the dark future, some people object to the research on (40) 5intelle
45、ct. But could the (41) 6ever become reality? I believe the answer is “no“. Robots are not our enemy, but our friend. We have no reason to be afraid of them. Surely, nowadays, (42) 7robots have replaced men in many aspects. Especially under the working (43) 8too hard or dangerous for human beings, ro
46、bots perform tasks superbly. (44) 9. However, it is man who tells them how to apply these. Without program, robots are nothing but a highly complex device. (45) 10. Therefore, no matter how robots may become one day, (46) 11. Then how can a product be the master of its producer? （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：177.00)The Supreme Courts decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and
