1、大学英语六级 58及答案解析(总分：448.02，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Is Serving the People Out of Date? Your composition should be based on the given outline and should be no less than 150 words. 1. 市场经济与为人民服务。 2.
2、现在有许多像徐虎和李素丽一样的人。 3. 我们应该怎么做? （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)When people care enough about something to do it well, those who do it best tend to be far better than everyone else. Theres a huge gap between Leonardo and second-rate contemporaries. A top-ranked professional chess player
3、could play ten thousand games against an ordinary club player without losing once. Like chess or painting or writing novels, making money is a very specialized skill. But for some reason we treat this skill differently. No one complains when a few people surpass all the rest at playing chess or writ
4、ing novels, but when a few people make more money than the rest, we get editorials saying this is wrong. Why? The pattern of variation seems no different than for any other skill. What causes people to react so strongly when the skill is making money? I think there are three reasons we treat making
5、money as different: the misleading model of wealth we learn as children; the disreputable way in which, till recently, most fortunes were accumulated; and the worry that great variations in income are somehow bad for society. As far as I can tell, the first is mistaken, the second outdated, and the
6、third empirically false. Could it be that, in a modern democracy, variation in income is actually a sign of health? When I was five I thought electricity was created by electric sockets. I didnt realize there were power plants out there generating it. Likewise, it doesnt occur to most kids that weal
7、th is something that has to be generated. It seems to be something that flows from parents. Because of the circumstances in which they encounter it, children tend to misunderstand wealth. They confuse it with money. They think that there is a fixed amount of it. And they think of it as something tha
8、ts distributed by authorities (and so should be distributed equally), rather than something that has to be created (and might be created unequally). In fact, wealth is not money. Money is just a convenient way of trading one form of wealth for another. Wealth is the underlying stuffthe goods and ser
9、vices we buy. When you travel to a rich or poor country, you dont have to look at peoples bank accounts to tell which kind you re in. You can see wealth in buildings and streets, in the clothes and the health of the people. Where does wealth come from? People make it. This was easier to grasp when m
10、ost people lived on farms, and made many of the things they wanted with their own hands. Then you could see in the house, the herds, and the granary the wealth that each family created. It was obvious then too that the wealth of the world was not a fixed quantity that had to be shared out, like slic
11、es of a pie. If you wanted more wealth, you could make it. This is just as true today, though few of us create wealth directly for ourselves. Mostly we create wealth for other people in exchange for money, which we then trade for the forms of wealth we want. Because kids are unable to create wealth,
12、 whatever they have has to be given to them. And when wealth is something you re given, then of course it seems that it should be distributed equally. As in most families it is. The kids see to that. “Unfair,“ they cry, when one sibling (兄弟姐妹) gets more than another. In the real world, you cant keep
13、 living off your parents. If you want something, you either have to make it, or do something of equivalent value for someone else, in order to get them to give you enough money to buy it. In the real world, wealth is (except for a few specialists like thieves and speculators) something you have to c
14、reate, not something thats distributed by Daddy. And since the ability and desire to create it vary from person to person, its not made equally. You get paid by doing or making something people want, and those who make more money are often simply better at doing what people want. Top actors make a l
15、ot more money than B-list actors. The B-list actors might be almost as charismatic, but when people go to the theater and look at the list of movies playing, they want that extra oomph (吸引力) that the big stars have. Doing what people want is not the only way to get money, of course. You could also r
16、ob banks, or solicit bribes, or establish a monopoly. Such tricks account for some variation in wealth, and indeed for some of the biggest individual fortunes, but they are not the root cause of variation in income. The root cause of variation in income is the same as the root cause of variation in
17、every other human skill. The second reason we tend to find great disparities of wealth alarming is that for most of human history the usual way to accumulate a fortune was to steal it: in pastoral societies by cattle raiding; in agricultural societies by appropriating others estates in times of war,
18、 and taxing them in times of peace. In conflicts, those on the winning side would receive the estates confiscated from the losers. In more organized societies, the ruler and his officials used taxation instead of confiscation. But here too we see the same principle: the way to get rich was not to cr
19、eate wealth, but to serve a ruler powerful enough to appropriate it. But it was not till the Industrial Revolution that wealth creation definitively replaced corruption as the best way to get rich. In England, at least, corruption only became unfashionable when there started to be other faster ways
20、to get rich. Thirdly, one often hears a policy criticized on the grounds that it would increase the income gap between rich and poor. As if it were an axiom (公理) that this would be bad. It might be true that increased variation in income would be bad, but I dont see how we can say its axiomatic. Ind
21、eed, it may even be false, in industrial democracies. In a society of serfs (农奴) and warlords, certainly, variation in income is a sign of an underlying problem. But serfdom is not the only cause of variation in income. A 747 pilot doesnt make 40 times as much as a checkout clerk because he is a war
22、lord. His skills are simply much more valuable. Id like to propose an alternative idea: that in a modern society, increasing variation in income is a sign of health. Technology seems to increase the variation in productivity at faster than linear rates. If we dont see corresponding variation in inco
23、me, there are three possible explanations: (a) that technical innovation has stopped, (b) that the people who would create the most wealth arent doing it, or (c) that they arent getting paid for it. If you suppress variations in income, whether by stealing private fortunes, as feudal rulers used to
24、do, or by taxing them away, as some modern governments have done, the result always seems to be the same. Society as a whole ends up poorer. If I had a choice of living in a society where I was materially much better off than I am now, but was among the poorest, or in one where I was the richest, bu
25、t much worse off than I am now, Id take the first option. If I had children, it would arguably be immoral not to. Its absolute poverty you want to avoid, not relative poverty. If, as the evidence so far implies, you have to have one or the other in your society, take relative poverty. You need rich
26、people in your society not so much because in spending their money or they create jobs, but because of what they have to do to get rich. Im not talking about the trickle-down effect here. Im not saying that if you let Henry Ford get rich, hell hire you as a waiter at his next party. Im saying that h
27、ell make you a tractor to replace your horse. （分数：71.00）(1).Like chess or painting or writing novels, making money is a very specialized skill but is now treated not equally as playing chess or painting or writing novels.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Many parents tell their children that wealth is somethin
28、g that hasnt to be generated. It is something that can flow from parents.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).In modern times, most of us create wealth directly for ourselves.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Such tricks as rob banks, or solicit bribes, or establish a monopoly account for the root cause of variation in inco
29、me.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Peoples worry that_is empirically false.（分数：7.10）_(6).While Money is just a convenient way of trading one form of wealth for another, wealth is the underlying stuff_.（分数：7.10）_(7).When you travel abroad, you can judge whether the country is rich or poor by seeing wealth _in
30、stead of looking at people s account.（分数：7.10）_(8).In England, corruption only became unfashionable when_.（分数：7.10）_(9).If you suppress variations in income by whatever means, the result always seems to be the same _.（分数：7.10）_(10).You need rich people in your society basically because of_.（分数：7.10）
31、_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Jack and his wife are still on friendly terms.B.Jack and his wife are teaching each other.C.Jack and his wife used to love each other.D.Jack and his wife wont have a divorce.A.She feels excited.B.She feels worried.C.She feels very confident.D.She feels sleepy
32、 when asked to answer questions in class.A.She wants some help making it.B.She doesnt want to be forced to help the man.C.She wants some more coffee.D.Shed like to try another kind of coffee.A.Chinese is as difficult to learn as English.B.For women it may not be so difficult to learn.C.It is the mos
33、t difficult language in the world.D.It is difficult to learn.A.At 8:30.B.At6:55.C.At8:55.D.At9:00.A.$2.6.B.$3.6.C.$1.6.D.$2.8.A.Sick.B.Fine.C.Better.D.Tired.A.She will wait for Tom and go to the post office together.B.She will drop some letters in the mail box on her way home.C.She will buy Tom some
34、 stamps and envelopes at the post office on her way home.D.She will buy some envelopes for Tom on her way home.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.How to care for precious metals.B.A standard unit for measuring weight.C.The value of precious metals.D.Using the metric system.A.To check the accuracy of scale
35、s.B.To calculate the density of other metals.C.To observe changes in the atmosphere.D.To measure amounts of rainfall.A.Someone spilled water on it.B.Someone lost it.C.It was made of low quality metal.D.The standard for measuring had changed.A.It is a small amount to pay for so much precious metal.B.
36、It is difficult to judge the value of such an object.C.It is reasonable for an object with such an important function.D.It is too high for such a light weight.A.The TV program.B.The appearance of Elizabeth.C.The mans headache.D.The mid-term examination.A.He has nothing to do at that time.B.He just w
37、ants to have a break.C.He doesnt have math stuff.D.He gets a hundred on the last test.A.To study together.B.To go to Elizabeths room.C.To call Elizabeth.D.To watch TV together.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：30.00)A.A kind of German sausage.B.A resident of Frankfurt.C.A kind of German bread.D.The name of a Ger
38、man town.A.He raised dogs.B.He was a cartoonist.C.He was a cook.D.He sold fast food.A.Because it was too hot to eat right away.B.Because the Americans found they were from Germany.C.Because people had to get used to their taste.D.Because people thought they contained dog meat.A.About 45 million.B.Ab
39、out 50 million.C.About 5.4 million.D.About 4.5 million.A.The actors and actresses are not paid for their performance.B.The actors and actresses only perform in their own communities.C.They exist only in small communities.D.They only put on shows that are educational.A.It provides them with the oppor
40、tunity to watch performances for free.B.It provides them with the opportunity to make friends.C.It gives them the chance to do something creative.D.It gives them a chance to enjoy modern art.A.Because all the people can enter it at any time.B.Because it opens fulltime all day.C.Because all its stude
41、nts are mother of families.D.Because students dont have to pass entrance examinations.A.It is the same as an open university.B.There are no teachers.C.Students are taught on radio and television.D.Students and tutors should meet and study together for several weeks.A.36 weeks.B.4 weeks.C.3 weeks.D.5
42、 weeks.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Television now plays such an important part in so many peoples lives that it is (36) 1for us to try to decide whether is a (37) 2or a curse. Obviously television has both (38) 3and dis. But do the former (39) 4 the latter? In the first place, television is not only
43、a convenient source of entertainment, but also a (40) 5cheap one. They just sit comfortably at home and enjoy (41) 6series of programmes rather than to go out in search of (42) 7 elsewhere. Some people, however, (43) 8 that this is precisely where the danger lies. The television viewer needs to do n
44、othing. (44) 9. Secondly, television keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical fascination for us. (45) 10. There are many other argumen
45、ts for and against television. The poor quality of its programmes is often criticized. But it is undoubtedly a great comfort to many lonely elderly people. And does it corrupt or instruct our children? (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、
46、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：177.00)The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be “all things to all people“. In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow minded careerism while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends. The problem is that in too many academic fields, the work has no context; skills, rather than being means,
