1、大学英语六级 281 及答案解析(总分：448.04，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic My View on Traveling. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline given below: 1许多人喜欢旅游，不同的旅游者有不同的感受。 2我喜欢不喜
2、欢旅游，是因为 （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Eight Tips for Eating Well A healthy balanced diet contains a variety of types of food, including lots of fruit, vegetables and starchy (淀粉类) foods such as wholemeal bread and wholegrain cereals; some protein-rich foods such as meat, fish, eggs a
3、nd lentils; and some dairy foods. 1. Base your meals on starchy foods Starchy foods such as bread, cereals, rice, pasta and potatoes are a really important part of a healthy diet. Try to choose wholegrain varieties of starchy foods whenever you can. Starchy foods should make up about a third of the
4、food we eat. They are a good source of energy and the main source of a range of nutrients in our diet. As well as starch, these foods contain fiber, calcium, iron and B vitamins. Most of us should eat more starchy foodstry to include at least one starchy food with each of your main meals. So you cou
5、ld start the day with a wholegrain breakfast cereal, have a sandwich for lunch, and potatoes, pasta or rice with your evening meal. Wholegrain foods contain more fiber and other nutrients than white or refined starchy foods. We also digest wholegrain foods more slowly so they can help make us feel f
6、ull for longer. 2. Eat lots of fruit and vegetable Most people know we should be eating more fruit and vegetable. But most of us still arent eating enough. Try to eat at least 5 portions of a variety of fruit and vegetable every day. It might be easier than you think. Try adding up your portions dur
7、ing the meals throughout the day. You can choose from fresh, frozen, tinned, dried or juiced, but remember potatoes count as a starchy food, not as portions of fruit and vegetable. 3. Eat more fish Most of us should be eating more fishincluding a portion of oily fish each week. Its an excellent sour
8、ce of protein and contains many vitamins and minerals. Aim for at least two portions of fish a week, including a portion of oily fish. You can choose from fresh, frozen or cannedbut remember that canned and smoked fish can be high in salt. What are oily fish? Some fish are called oily fish because t
9、hey are rich in certain types of fats, called omega 3 fatty acids, which can help keep our hearts healthy. How much oily fish? Although most of us should be eating more oily fish, women who might have a baby one day should have a maximum of 2 portions of oily fish a week (a portion is about 140g). A
10、nd 4 is the recommended maximum number of portions for other adults. Anyone who regularly eats a lot of fish should try and choose as wide a variety as possible. 4. Cut down on saturated (饱和的) fat and sugar Fats To stay healthy we need some fat in our diets. What is important is the kind of fat we a
11、re eating. There are two main types of fat: -saturated fathaving too much can increase the amount of cholesterol (胆固醇) in the blood, which increases the chance of developing heart disease -unsaturated fathaving unsaturated fat instead of saturated fat lowers blood cholesterol Try to cut down on food
12、 that is high in saturated fat and have foods that are rich in unsaturated fat instead, such as vegetable oils, oily fish, avocados, nuts and seeds. Foods high in saturated fat are: meat pies, sausages, meat with visible white fat, hard cheese, butter and lard, pastry, cakes and biscuits, cream, sou
13、red cream and crme fra?che, coconut oil, coconut cream or palm oil. For a healthy choice, use just a small amount of vegetable oil or a reduced-fat spread instead of butter, lard or ghee. And when you are having meat, try to choose lean cuts and cut off any visible fat. Sugar Most people are eating
14、too much sugar. We should all be trying to eat fewer foods containing added sugar, such as sweets, cakes and biscuits, and drinking fewer sugary soft and fizzy drinks. Having sugary foods and drinks too often can cause tooth decay, especially if you have them between meals. Many foods that contain a
15、dded sugar can also be high in calories so cutting down could help you control your weight. How do I know if a food is high in added sugar? Take a look at the label. The ingredients list always starts with the biggest ingredient first. But watch out for other words used to describe added sugars, suc
16、h as sucrose, glucose, fructose, maltose, hydrolyzed starch and invert sugar, corn syrup and honey. If you see one of these near the top of the list, you know the food is likely to be high in added sugars. Another way to get an idea of how much sugar is in a food is to have a look for the “Carbohydr
17、ates“ (碳水化合物) figure on the label. But this figure cant tell you how much is from added sugars, which is the type we should try to cut down on. High is more than 15 g sugars per 100g. Low is 5g sugars or less per 100g. If the amount of sugars per 100g is in-between these figures, then that is a medi
18、um level of sugars. Remember that the amount you eat of a particular food affects how much sugars you will get from it. Sometimes you will only see a figure for total “Carbohydrates“ , not for “Carbohydrates (of which sugars)“ , which means the figure also includes the carbohydrate from starchy food
19、s. 5. Try to eat less saltno more than 6g a day Eating too much salt can raise your blood pressure. And people with high blood pressure are three times more likely to develop heart disease or have a stroke than people with normal blood pressure. Adults and children over 11 should have no more than 6
20、g salt a day. Younger children should have even less. Remember that the amount you eat of a particular food affects how much salt you will get from it. 6. Get active and try to be a healthy weight Its not a good idea to be either underweight or overweight. Being overweight can lead to health conditi
21、ons such as heart disease, high blood pressure or diabetes. Being underweight could also affect your health. If youre worried about your weight, ask your a dietitian (营养学家) for advice. But if you think you just need to lose a little weight, the main things to remember are: -only eat as much food as
22、you need -make healthy choicesits a good idea to choose low-fat and low-sugar varieties, eat plenty of fruit and vegetable and wholegrains -get more active Its also important to eat a variety of types of food so you get all the nutrients your body needs. Physical activity is a good way of using up e
23、xtra calories, and helps control our weight. But this doesnt mean you need to join a gym. Just try to get active every day and build up the amount you do. For example, you could try to fit in as much walking as you can into your daily routine. Try to walk at a good pace. Whenever we eat more than ou
24、r body needs, we put on weight. This is because we store any energy we dont use upusually as fat. Even small amounts of extra energy each day can lead to weight gain. 7. Drink plenty of water We should be drinking about 6 to 8 glasses (1.2 liters) of water, or other fluids, every day to stop us gett
25、ing dehydrated. When the weather is warm or when we get active, our bodies need more than this. But avoid drinking soft and fizzy drinks that are high in added sugar. Alcohol There is nothing wrong with the occasional drink. But drinking too much can cause problems. Alcohol is also high in calories,
26、 so cutting down could help you control your weight. Women can drink up to 2 to 3 units of alcohol a day and men up to 3 to 4 units a day, without significant risk to their health. A unit is half a pint of standard strength (3% to 5% ABV) beer, lager or cider, or a pub measure of spirit. A glass of
27、wine is about 2 units and alco-pops are about 1.5 units. For good health, its a good idea to spread your drinking throughout the week and avoid binge drinking. Drinking heavily over a long period of time can damage the liver. 8. Dont skip breakfast Breakfast can help give us the energy we need to fa
28、ce the day, as well as some of the vitamins and minerals we need for good health. Some people skip breakfast because they think it will help them lose weight. But missing meals doesnt help us lose weight and it isnt good for us, because we can miss out on essential nutrients. Research shows that eat
29、ing breakfast can actually help people control their weight. This is probably because when we dont have breakfast were more likely to get hungry before lunch and snack on foods that are high in fat and sugar, such as biscuits, doughnuts or pastries. So why not go for a bowl of wholegrain cereal with
30、 some sliced banana and a glass of fruit juice for a healthy start to the day? （分数：71.00）(1).The minimum amount of fish for a healthy diet is two portions a week including canned and smoked fish.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Vegetable oils, nuts and seeds are rich in saturated fat.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Ea
31、ting too much salt can raise your cholesterol.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Doing more physical exercise helps consume extra calories and stay fit.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).A healthy balanced diet should include fruit,_, starch, rich protein and_.（分数：7.10）_(6).Compared with white or refined starchy foods, who
32、legrain foods are richer in_.（分数：7.10）_(7).The reason why we should be eating more fish is that_.（分数：7.10）_(8).In order to get the information of how much sugar there is in a food, you need to have a close look at_.（分数：7.10）_(9).To prevent us from getting dehydrated,_.（分数：7.10）_(10).Why is it import
33、ant to have breakfast? _.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She was approving.B.She was apologetic.C.She was annoyed.D.She was careless.A.A visitor has borrowed it.B.She had given it to her guide.C.A friend took it to the West.D.Bill gave it back to his friend.A.She agrees with the ma
34、n.B.She hasnt seen Kevin recently.C.She thinks Kevin will be late.D.She doesnt know what the man means.A.Anthony fixed it.B.The plumber fixed it.C.It was left leaking.D.It was removed.A.In a clothing store.B.In a garden.C.At a cleaners.D.At a printing shop.A.Being too hot.B.Being delayed.C.Catching
35、the beach ball.D.Getting up early.A.It looks better than the other one.B.The man needs more wall space for it.C.It should be put on another wall.D.It makes the wall a little more attractive.A.The experiment will take a long time.B.The students should count their time in the lab.C.Dr. Walters teaches
36、 biology in the afternoon.D.Biology lab is open one hour every afternoon.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Two different types of bones in the human body.B.How bones help the body move.C.How bones continuously repair themselves.D.The chemical composition of human bones.A.They defend the bone against viru
37、ses.B.They prevent oxygen from entering the bone.C.They break down bone tissue.D.They connect the bone to muscle tissue.A.They have difficulty identifying these cells.B.They arent sure how these cells work.C.Theyve learned how to reproduce these cells.D.Theyve found similar cells in other species.A.
38、To learn how to prevent a bone disease.B.To understand differences between bone tissue and other tissue.C.To find out how specialized bone cells have evolved.D.To create artificial bone tissue.A.She will stay home.B.She will go the concert with Abruzzi.C.She will invite Abruzzi to a concert.D.She ha
39、s not decided yet.A.She doesnt want to hurt Abruzzi by refusing again.B.She is afraid that she might lose Abruzzi.C.She wants to have a change after a busy week.D.She cant think of a reason not to accept Abruzzis invitation again.A.She has been studying late into night all week.B.She has made plans
40、to work late all week.C.She has not been free to go out with Abruzzi all week.D.She has been busy tidying up her apartment all week.A.Abruzzi is very patient and determined.B.Lindas roommate does most of the cleaning in their apartment.C.Linda doesnt really care for Abruzzi.D.Linda likes concert bet
41、ter than shows.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：30.00)A.A visit to a prison.B.The influence of his father.C.A talk with some miserable slaves.D.His experience in the war between France and Austria.A.He sent surgeons to serve in the army.B.He provided soldiers with medical supplies.C.He recruited volunteers to c
42、are for the wounded.D.He helped to flee the prisoners of war.A.All men are created equal.B.The wounded and dying should be treated for free.C.A wounded soldier should surrender before he receives any medical treatment.D.A suffering person is entitled to help regardless of race, religion or political
43、 beliefs.A.To honor Swiss heroes who died in the war.B.To show Switzerland was neutral.C.To pay tribute to Switzerland.D.To show gratitude to the Swiss government for its financial support.A.They were drawing pictures.B.They were watching TV.C.They were making a telephone call.D.They were tidying up
44、 the drawing room.A.They locked the couple up in the drawing room.B.They seriously injured the owners of the house.C.They smashed the TV set and the telephone.D.They took away sixteen valuable paintings.A.He accused them of the theft.B.He raised the rents.C.He refused to prolong their land lease.D.H
45、e forced them to abandon their traditions.A.They wanted to protect the farmers interests.B.They wanted to extend the reservation area for birds.C.They wanted to steal his valuable paintings.D.They wanted to drive him away from the island.A.Because he was a famous English writer.B.Because he enjoyed
46、walking along the street.C.Because he had a good memory.D.Because he was proud of his own ability.A.For they are not hard-working.B.For they dont have good memories.C.For they havent enough time for it.D.For they are busy with their own language.A.Mind takes clearer photos of what we see.B.Mind take
47、s pictures of all five senses.C.Mind spends less time taking pictures.D.Mind keeps photos for longer time.A.Picture taking.B.Memory.C.Language learning.D.Poem writing.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Last week, speakers at a program in Washington discussed using nanotechnology (纳米技术) to improve health care in developing countries. Peter Singer at the University of Toronto says a nanotechnology called quantum dots could be used to (36) 1cases of malaria.
