1、大学英语六级 270及答案解析(总分：428.04，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Should Euthanasia Be Legalized? You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese. 1安乐死应该合法化； 2安乐死不应合法化； 3我的观点。 （
2、分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Generation X Who are we? Why are we called “Generation X“? Where did we come from? Where are we going? Whats going on here? Wheres the Beef? This passage offers some (but only some) of the answers, and points you to other internet sources that can help yo
3、u find the rest of the answers. Heres a brief “FAQ“ (Frequently Asked Questions) on Generation X: How did we get this name, “Generation X“ anyway? Blame Douglas Coupland of British Columbia, Canada, for one. It was also the name of a British Punk group in the 1970s featuring 1980s soloist Billy Idol
4、. In a 1995 interview, Coupland denied any connection, saying: “The books title came not from Billy Idols band, as many supposed, but from the final chapter of a funny sociological book on American class structure titled Class, by Paul Fussell. In his final chapter, Fussell named an “X“ category of
5、people who wanted to hop off the merry-go-round of status, money, and social climbing that so often frames modern existence.“ Whatever you say, Doug. When Coupland wrote his book in 1991, the phrase was picked up by marketers desperately seeking a name for the “generation without a name“. Of course
6、theres been much discussion about “slackers“ (懒惰的人) comes to mind. Other popular terms are “Thirteeners“ or “13th Generation“, which came from a book by Neil Howe and William Strauss called “Generations“, in which we are listed as the 13th generation of the USA since 1620. Who exactly is Gen-X? This
7、 question is in hot dispute. In the mid-1980s the Gen-Xers had been labeled “Baby Busters“ (生育低谷期出生的人), due to the low birthrates of the 1965-1975 age bracket. Demographers (人口统计学家) noticed as early as 1966 that the “boom“ (婴儿潮) was over, and began planning and budgeting downward for this massive ch
8、ange from the “boom“ in birth between 1946-1964. (These “Boomer“ dates, by the way, have never been in doubt nor have they been doubted or tampered with by the media.) Today, however, many people lump (将.看作一体) those born in the years 1961-1981 together. Why 1961? Despite being Doug Couplands birthye
9、ar, it more likely began with the Howe some people are so busy planning, sometimes planning great deals or fantastic (41) 6, that they are unable to deal with; strictly speaking, they are (42) 7procrastinating-rescheduling their day. Laziness can (43) 8be helpful. Like procrastinators(拖延者), some peo
10、ple may look lazy when they are really thinking, planning, and researching. We should remember that some great scientific discoveries occurred by chance or while someone was “goofing off“. Newton wasnt working in the orchard (果园) (44) 9. All of us would like to have some “lazy“ build the car or stov
11、e we buy, (45) 10. And sometimes, being “lazy“that is, taking time off for a restis good for the overworked student or executive. (46) 11. So be careful when youre tempted to call someone lazy. That person may be thinking, resting, or planning his or her next book. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
12、 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：177.00)Researchers generally agree that acid rain arises primarily from the burning of coal and oil. The emissions contain oxides of nitrogen and sulfur, which can be carried hundreds of miles on the prevailing west
13、ernly winds. They eventually return to earth as dry gases and particulates and react with ground waters to form nitride or sulfuric acid. They may also be converted to the acids in the atmosphere by chemical processes that are still not fully understood. However the acids are formed, they have alrea
14、dy been charged with a substantial list of damages. Corrosion of metal structures in windward areas of the country has been well-documented, but is a relatively minor entry on the list. Other forms of damage are far more insidious and longer-lasting. There is evidence, for example, that the acids le
15、ach heavy metals-aluminum, lead, and mercury-from the soil, which then poison plant roots and deprive them of vital nutrients. In lakes and rivers the acid alters the blood chemistry in fish. The metals, meanwhile, irreversibly damage the gill systems of certain species, such as bass and walleye. As
16、 the concentration of poison rises, egg hatching is reduced and the number of deformed embryos increases. Effects of acid rain are more severe in the eastern part of the country, for two reasons. First, most coal burning occurs in Ohio, Illinois, and Indiana, according to Eville Gorham, professor of
17、 ecology and botany at the University of Minnesota and a modern pioneer in the study of acid rain. These states pro- duce about a quarter of all U. S. sulfur oxide emissions, he told this years American Chemical society meeting in Las Vegas, and the airborne particulates tend to wind up in the North
18、east. The second reason is the varying chemical makeup of North American soils. Western soils are relatively rich in neutralizing compounds like magnesium and calcium carbonates, but the coarse, shallow eastern soils have much less of this buffering capacity. Together, these factors explain what Gor
19、ham calls a “pool of acid air pollution“ over the Northeast that is strongly suspected of having killed or injured aquatic life in more than 200 lakes in New Yorks Adirondack region. （分数：88.50）(1).Which of the following is the most primary reason for the formation of acid rain?（分数：17.70）A.Chemical p
20、rocesses in the atmosphere.B.Dry gases and particulates.C.The burning of coal and oil.D.The prevailing wind.(2).The least serious damage caused by acid rain is _.（分数：17.70）A.poisoning of plant rootsB.leaching of heavy metalsC.changing the blood chemistry inD.corrosion of metal structures(3).The dama
21、ging effects of acid rain are felt less in the West because _.（分数：17.70）A.Western parts produce much less than a quarter of sulfur oxide emissionsB.Western soils can neutralize the acidC.Westernly wind spread participants out of the western regionsD.chemical industry is less developed in the western
22、 states(4).The airborne particulates tend to wind up in the Northeast “airborne“ here means.（分数：17.70）A.produced by airB.emerged in the airC.floatingD.polluting(5).According to the passages acid rain _.（分数：17.70）A.adds minerals to the grainB.travels with the prevailing westernly windC.leads to birth
23、 defects in fishD.and its formation have been fully understoodAn issue that many corporate executives ignore is the possibility that aggressive people seek reinforcement for their own destructive acts. Television violence, for instance, and the widespread public concern accompanying it have led to c
24、alls for strict controls on the depiction of violent programs. In their decision making, some producers do not take responsibility for the equally important minority. Instead, they may gear their content towards the masses, who crave sexually explicit and violent action. Fortunately , this group has
25、 the ability to disseminate violent action rationally, realizing that in reality, people who commit acts of violence have to compensate for their actions by taking full responsibility for the harm they cause to others. Not everyone can distinguish fact from fantasy. Not only is it the irrational peo
26、ple who commit the crimes in our country, but our own children who may errantly (错误地) be learning from day one that nothing bad will happen to them if they shoot their brother in the head with Daddys pistol. Studies show that in one week of content analysis of prime-time output on seven New York Cit
27、y channels, there were 3,421 acts and threats of violence observed. Childrens fictional entertainment programs had three times the frequency of violent acts or threats recorded in adult programs. Many of these acts were committed without any compensation for the action without responsibility, then i
28、t must be acceptable behavior. Similarly, aggressive adults are seeking reinforcement for their own anti-social behavior from seeing attractive television characters behave in the same way. Behavioral evidence has indicated that the anti-social effects of violent television portrayals are strongest
29、and are most likely to occur among individuals who are already aggressive. The ethical question is, should television submit to mass appeal or take into consideration the effects on certain members of society, including children? The consequences of televising violence are not only harmful to some v
30、iewers but concurrently affect the television stations in the form of loss of viewers and possibly gaining a bad reputation. There are many sources, including viewers associations and popular journalism, which have been condemning the depiction of violence in television programs as a potentially dan
31、gerous and anti-social act on the part of those who make and transmit programs. Still, even though these associations have been condemning television violence, their efforts have had little effect on the large money-making corporations. Therefore, the decision, on the part of those in charge of the
32、programs, should be one of social responsibility. In his article, “Sex and Violence“ , Joe Saltzman states, “If, as producers argue, violence is a part of the human condition, then so is responsibility. In real life, you just do hot commit mayhem and then go on to the next scene.“ It is also necessa
33、ry to realize that violence is part of our nature and of our life. Almost every day we are participants and observers of violence, whether it is natural violence, theatrical or fictional violence, sporting event violence, or political violence. To exclude all scenes of violence form television would
34、 be to falsify the picture of life. Television media can “encourage or aid“ destructive behavior, not “cause“ it. There are usually many more casual factors involved. To tell people what they can and can not say, write, and televise is unconstitutional; however, it can be controlled and we can hope
35、that the decision-makers will promote strong moral, ethical values in their decision making or at least consider them, in order to help prevent our violent self-destructive behavior. （分数：88.50）(1).By saying “seek reinforcement for their own destructive acts“ (Para.1), the author means “_“.（分数：17.70）
36、A.find excuses to justify their violent behaviorsB.ask others to help with their aggressive actionsC.boost their confidence so as to committee more violenceD.compete with each other in committing violence(2).The reason why some producers continue to deliver violent contents to the society is that_.（
37、分数：17.70）A.they are not aware of what their responsibility isB.they have to obey the decisions made by the corporate executivesC.the potential market may be the driving forceD.they wish to distinguish themselves from the equally important minority(3).We can conclude from the passage that_.（分数：17.70）
38、A.violent programs have limited influence on childrens attitudes towards realityB.adults are likely to watch much more violence than children doC.the more violence there is, the better reputation the TV station will gainD.the efforts of the viewer association and the media to reduce violence prove i
39、n vain(4).The “mayhem“ Joe Saltzmans mentioned refers to_.（分数：17.70）A.responsibilityB.disorder and confusionC.violent crimeD.embarrassment(5).Which of the following statements is not true?（分数：17.70）A.It is unwise to offer the audience a false reality picture without violence.B.The media have the res
40、ponsibility to prevent the audience from watching violence.C.We may come across various violent scene in real life.D.The media play an important role in setting up a good example of what is morally right.Some sentences are taken out from passages. This kind of complex meaning expressed in written la
41、nguage soon becomes a fish out of water. The complexity of spoken language is more like that of a dance; it is not static and dense but mobile and intricate. Much more meaning is expressed by grammar than by vocabulary. As a consequence, the sentence structure is highly complex, reaching degrees of
42、complexity that are rarely attained in writing. Writing, as recognized by most people, is genuinely formal and readily tangible, but spoken language has merits of its own. It is usually more economic in face-to-face communication, and it allows the omission of much contextual or commonsense informat
43、ion. This permits oral language to be more simplistic and flexible than written language. What is difficult or even impossible to achieve in written language can sometimes be achieved in oral language in a convenient way that does not demand extra efforts. On the other hand, speech can be more diffi
44、cult to manage in linguistic studies due to such factors that make it readily acceptable as a more economic way of expression. It is in spontaneous, operational speech that grammar is most fully exploited, such that its semantic frontiers expand and its potential for meaning is enhanced. This is why
45、 we have to look to spoken discourse for at least some of the evidence on which to base our theory of the language. Philosophers of language have tended to accept the folk belief, typical of a written culture, according to which spoken language is disorganized and featureless, while only writing sho
46、ws a wealth of structure and purity of pattern. This is “demonstrated“ by transcriptions in which speech is reduced to writing and made to look like a dogs dinner. Speech was not meant to be written down, so it often looks silly, just as writing often sounds silly when it is read aloud; but the diso
47、rder and fragmentation are a feature of the way it is transcribed. Even a sympathetic transcription like that above cannot represent it adequately, because it shows none of the intonation or variation in tempo and loudness; but it does show the way it is organized grammatically, and so enables us to analyze it as a text. （分数：-1.00）(1).The author compares spoken language to “a dance“ to say that_.（分数：-0.20）_(2).The author uses the metaphor “a fish out of water“ to mean_.（分数：-0.20）_(3).What can we infer from the second paragraph? （分数：-0.20）_
