1、大学英语六级 236及答案解析(总分：448.02，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Food Safety Problem. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 我国食品市场存在的问题。 2. 怎样解决食品安全问题。 3. 结论。 （分数：30.00）
2、_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Natural gas Vehicles Kermit the Frog once said, “Its not that easy beingreen.“ Although he wasnt referring to cars, his observation seems particularly appropriate for the auto industry today: Designing, developing and marketing “green“ cars has not been an easy ta
3、sk, which is why gasoline powered vehicles still rule the road and fossil fuels still account for almost 75 percent of the worlds energy consumption. As gasoline prices soar and concern over harmful emission mounts, however, cars that run on alternate fuel sources will become increasingly important.
4、 A natural-gas vehicle, or NGV, is the perfect example of such a carits fuel-efficient, environmentally friendly and offers a relatively low cost of ownership. Natural Gas Basics The word “gas“ is a confusing term because it is used to describe many different substances that are similar but not exac
5、tly the same. For example, the “gas“ you put in your car is gasoline, one component of crude oil, or petroleum. Petroleum is a dark, sticky liquid mixture of compounds formed underground by the decay of ancient marine animals. Natural gas also comes from the decay of ancient organisms, but it natura
6、lly takes a gaseous form instead of a liquid form. Natural gas commonly occurs in association with crude oil. It is derived from both land plants and aquatic (水生的) organic matter and forms above or below oil deposits. It is often dissolved in crude oil at the high pressures existing in a reservoir.
7、There are also reservoirs of natural gas, known as non-associated gas, that contain only gas and no oil. Natural gas consists primarily of methane (沼气) and other hydrocarbon gases. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed only of the elements carbon and hydrogen. The hydrocarbons in natural gas a
8、re called saturated hydrocarbons because they contain hydrogen and carbon bound together by single bonds. Like gasoline, natural gas is combustible (易燃的), which means it can be used in a combustion engine like gasoline. But cars that could burn natural gas didnt appear on the scene until the 1930s.
9、From Field to Ford We extract natural gas trapped in underground reservoirs by drilling wells into the earth. A modern well, equipped with diamond-studded drill bits, can drill to depths approaching 25,000 feet. Throughout the 19th century, the use of natural gas remained localized because there was
10、 ho way to transport large quantities of gas over long distances. In 1890, the invention of a Teak-proof pipeline coupling made it possible to transport gas miles from the source. Improvements in pipeline technology continued over the next two decades until long-distance gas transmission became prac
11、tical. From 1927 to 1931, laborers constructed more than 10 major natural gas transmission systems in the United States, making natural gas viable energy source for many applications. The oil shortages of the late 1960s and early 1970s “brought renewed interest in natural gas as a fuel source, espec
12、ially for automobiles! Today, owners of natural-gas vehicles can fill up their cars at one of 1,300 fueling stations located in the United States. Honda also offers a personal natural gas pump to people who purchase its natural-gas-powered Civic. The pump uses a homes existing natural gas lines and
13、can be installed for $500 to $1500. Natural-gas Vehicle Design Natural-gas vehicles use the same basic principles as gasoline-powered vehicles. In other words, the fuel (natural gas in this case) is mixed with air in the cylinder of a four-stroke engine and then ignited by a spark plug to move a pis
14、ton(活塞) up and down. Although there are some differences between natural gas and gasoline in terms of flammability and ignition temperatures. NGVs themselves operate on the same fundamental concepts as gasoline-powered vehicles. Still, some modifications are required to make an NGV work efficiently.
15、 These changes are primarily in the fuel storage tank, the engine and the chassis (底盘). Advantages The biggest advantage of NGVs is that they reduce environmentally harmful emissions. Natural-gas vehicles can achieve up to a 93 percent reduction in carbon monoxide emissions, 33 percent reduction in
16、emissions of various oxides of nitrogen and a 50 percent reduction in reactive hydrocarbons when compared to gasoline vehicles. NGVs also rate higher in particulate matter 10 (PM10) emissions. PM10 particles transport and deposit toxic materials through the air. NGVs that operate in diesel applicati
17、ons can reduce PM10 emissions by a factor of 10. Natural-gas vehicles also offer these benefits: NGVs are safer. The fuel storage tanks on an NGV are thicker and stronger than gasoline or diesel tanks. There has not been an NGV fuel-tank rupture in more than two years in the United States. Natural g
18、as costs are lower than gasoline. On average, natural gas costs one-third less than gasoline at the pump. Natural gas is convenient and abundant. A well-established pipeline infrastructure exists in the United States to deliver natural gas to almost every urban area and most suburban areas. There ar
19、e more than 1 ,300 NGV fueling stations in the United States, and more are being added every day. Natural gas prices have exhibited significant stability compared to oil prices. Historically, natural gas prices have exhibited significant price stability compared to the prices of petroleum-based fuel
20、s. This stability makes it easier to plan accurately for long-term costs. NGVs have lower maintenance costs. Because natural gas burns so cleanly, it results in less wear and tear on the engine and extends the time between tune-ups and oil changes. Disadvantages One of the biggest complaints about N
21、GVs is that they arent as roomy as gasoline cars. This is because NGVs have to give up precious cargo and trunk space to accommodate the fuel storage cylinders. Not only that, these cylinders can be expensive to design and builda contributing factor to the higher overall costs of a Natural-gas vehic
22、le compared to a gasoline-powered car. Another drawback is the limited driving range of NGVs, which is typically about half that of a gasoline-powered vehicle. For example, Hondas natural gas Civic, the Civic GX, can go up to 220 miles without refueling. A typical gasoline-powered Civic can go appro
23、ximately 350 miles without refueling. If a dedicated NGV ran out of fuel on the road, it would have to be towed to the owners home or to a local natural gas refueling station, which might be harder to find than a “regular“ gas station. Finally, it should be noted that natural gas, like gasoline, is
24、a fossil fuel and cannot be considered a renewable resource. While natural gas reserves in the United States are still considerable, they are not inexhaustible. Some predict that there are enough natural gas reserves remaining to last another 67.1 years, assuming that the 2003 level of production co
25、ntinues. （分数：71.00）(1).This passage explains the basic idea of natural gas and compares the performances of different types of NGVs.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).The basic principles applied to natural-gas vehicles are quite different from those applied to gasoline-powered vehicles.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).M
26、ore and more people are found of NGVs because they help reduce deaths in car accidents to a great degree.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).The price of natural gas is cheaper and more stable than that of gasoline.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Often associated with crude oil, natural gas is principally made up of 1 an
27、d other hydrocarbon gases.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(6).NGVs arent as roomy as gasoline cars because they have to give up cargo and trunk space to accommodate the 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(7).Both natural gas and gasoline are 1 and thus neither can be considered renewable.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(8).During the 19th century,
28、 natural gas was used on a local scale because of the difficult situation in 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).Natural gas trapped in underground reservoirs is extracted by 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).People resumed their interest in natural gas as a fuel as a result of 1of the late 1960s and early 1970s.（分数：7.10）填空
29、项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Swimming.B.Playing tennis.C.Boating.D.Playing table tennis.A.She is going to Finland.B.She has visitors next week.C.She has guests at her home.D.She has just visited him this week.A.Get some coins at the cafe.B.Buy her a cup of coffee at the cafe.C.Get so
30、me coffee from the machine.D.Try to fix the machine.A.They spent three hundred dollars on their vacation.B.They drew money than they should have from the bank.C.They lost their bankbook.D.They had only three hundred dollars in the bank.A.To find out her position in company.B.To apply for a job.C.To
31、offer her a position in the company.D.To make and appointment with the sales manager.A.He is surprised.B.He feels very happy.C.He is indifferent.D.He feels very angry.A.He hasnt cleaned his room since Linda visited him.B.Linda is the only person who ever comes to see him.C.Hes been too busy to clean
32、 his room.D.Cleaning is the last thing he wants to do.A.She is a generous woman by nature.B.It doesnt have a back cover.C.She feels the mans apology is enough.D.It is no longer of any use to her.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Theyre close friends.B.She wanted to ask for leave.C.She was terribly ill.D.
33、She greeted him.A.Sore throat.B.Soul hurt.C.Headache.D.Something wrong with stormA.He slept in the office.B.He went shopping for a clothes.C.He went to Marys house to see him.D.He did nothing at all.A.She may have sore throatB.She may be blamed.C.Nothing may happen.D.She may get higher salary.A.To c
34、onvince him to go on a canoe trip.B.To invite him to a cookout.C.To ask if she can borrow his car.D.To tell him about a trip she took.A.Swimming.B.Driving.C.Sleeping outdoors.D.Canoeing.A.To find out whether he wants to go canoeingB.To tell him whether her car is repaired.C.To find out what kind of
35、food he is bringing.D.To tell him what time they are leaving.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：30.00)A.Soil.B.Human population.C.Forest.D.Water.A.By using satellite images, maps, etc.B.By studying specific farming methods.C.By studying the variation of human population.D.By analyzing the quality of crops.A.By fo
36、rcing them farming.B.By affecting the quality of soils.C.By adding chemicals and pollute the waterways.D.By affecting the environments they live in.A.School and Education.B.Individuals in the United States.C.Responsibilities as Citizens.D.Tomorrows Decision-makers.A.Individual states.B.Federal gover
37、nment.C.Taxes of citizens.D.Parents.A.20B.22C.21D.23A.A famous family.B.A rich family.C.A poor family.D.A common family.A.Jazz music.B.Classical music.C.Rock music.D.Country music.A.His great happy smile.B.His sad and slow songs.C.His wonderful jazz music.D.His handsome appearance.六、Section C(总题数：1，
38、分数：10.00)The more women and (36) 1make their way into the ranks of management, the more they seem to want a talk about things (37) 2judged to be best left unsaid. The newcomers also tend to see office matters with a (38) 3eye, in the process sometimes coming up with (39) 4 analyses of the forces tha
39、t (40) 5everyones experience in the organization. Consider the novel views of Harvey Coleman of Atlanta on the subject of getting ahead. Coleman is black. He spent 11 years with IBM, half of them working in management development, and now serves as a (41) 6to the likes of AT performance counts a mer
40、e 10%, image, 30%, and exposure, a full 60%. Coleman concludes that (44) 9, it wont secure you the big promotion. He finds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work, and how high up they are. Ridiculous beliefs? Not to many people, (45) 10. “Women and blacks in or
41、ganizations work under false beliefs,“ says Kaleen Jamison, a New York-based management consultant who helps corporations deal with these issues. “They think that if you work hard, youll get aheadthat someone in authority will reach down and give you promotion.“ She adds, “Most women and blacks are
42、so frightened that people will think theyve gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down their visibility.“ Her advice to those folks: (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：177.00)With only ab
43、out 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. Thats a move similar to what a Texas A performance counts a mere 10%, image, 30%, and exposure, a full 60%. Coleman concludes that (44) 9, it wont secure you the big promotion. He fin
44、ds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work, and how high up they are. Ridiculous beliefs? Not to many people, (45) 10. “Women and blacks in organizations work under false beliefs,“ says Kaleen Jamison, a New York-based management consultant who helps corporation
45、s deal with these issues. “They think that if you work hard, youll get aheadthat someone in authority will reach down and give you promotion.“ She adds, “Most women and blacks are so frightened that people will think theyve gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down their visibil
46、ity.“ Her advice to those folks: (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：minorities）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：formerly）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：fresh）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：critical）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：shape）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：consultant）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：weighs）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：long-term）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：excellent job performance is so common these days tha
47、t while doing your work well may win you pay increases）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：especially many women and members of minority races who feel that the scales have dropped from their eyes）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：learn the ways that white males have traditionally used to find their way into the spotlight）解析：七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：177.00)With only about 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. Thats a move similar to what a Texas A&M University researcher has been undertaking for the past five years in a project cal
