1、大学英语六级 231 及答案解析(总分：428.02，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Aging of the Population. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 我国人口老龄化现象日趋严重； 2. 人口老龄化给社会、家庭带来越来
2、越多的负担； 3. 如何妥善解决人口老龄化问题。 （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Physical Features of the Country The Map The map on the adjoining page represents the portion of the North American continent which is at the present time occupied by the people of the United States. As you look upon the map imag
3、ine that you are in the air, looking down upon it as from a balloon, and take notice of what you see. On the east and on the west are the shores of two oceans. That on the east is the Atlantic. The Pacific is on the west. The Lake Country Toward the north is an immense tract of nearly level land, co
4、vered with forests, all of which are filled with water and form lakes, some large and others small. This land, though level, is high, so that there is a very considerable though gradual descent from the lakes to the ocean. The lakes are kept constantly full by the rains and by the melting of the sno
5、ws, and the surplus waters flow off in one vast channel, northward and eastward to the sea. One of the large lakes, though still much higher than the sea, is marked as a low lake, for it is two or three hundred feet below the level of the others, and the water flowing from the upper lakes into it, i
6、n descending from one level to the other, passes over a high precipice (悬崖), thus producing an immense fall, which is the celebrated Niagara (尼亚加拉大瀑布). The surplus waters of all the large lakes flow off finally in a northeasterly direction, almost exactly parallel to the coast until they reach the s
7、ea. The river thus formed is now known as the St. Lawrence. All this region of the lakes is inhabited during the summer season, immense numbers of beasts run upon the land, birds fly in the air, and fishes swim in the water. In the winter, the region is buried deep in ice and snow. The birds at that
8、 season have all flown. The animals have retired to dens and holes, where some sleep, torpid (蛰伏), till the spring returns, and others digging beneath the frosty ground, gain their livelihood there by digging for roots, or gnawing (咬) the bark of trees, or catching the fish that are still swimming i
9、n the shallow waters. The Great Central Valley South of the lake country, and occupying a very large portion of the whole interior of the continent, is a broad though shallow valley, bounded both on the east and on the west by ranges of mountains. The extent of the valley is marked on the map, not o
10、nly by the mountains which bound it on the east and on the west, but also by the ramifications (支流) of the great river which drains it. These ramifications are seen spreading in every direction, like the branches of a mighty tree, and meeting in the south in one great trunk. This is the great river
11、Mississippi, with its thousand tributaries (支流). The Soil of the Great Valley The soil of the whole valley is extremely fertile. However, it is so broad and so shallow that it would have more the appearance of an extended plain than of a valley. It is what is called an alluvial (冲积的) formation; that
12、 is, a very large portion of the territory has been covered with deposits (沉淀物) from the rivers themselves, left after overflows and floods. These deposits have accumulated, in the course of ages, to a great depth, and they form an exceedingly rich and fertile soil. The rivers twist and turn this wa
13、y and that in meandering (蜿蜒) through these plains. When it rains hard or snows begin to melt, huge water washes the banks, and brings down great masses of earth and great numbers of immense trees into the water. The earth thus washed in is carried down by the flood. After being mingled with a great
14、 variety of animal and vegetable remains, the earth is distributed over widely extended districts below. When the water has overflowed the banks, the soil is covered by a new layer of fertility. Formation of Islands in the River The trees float on, too, upon the current (水流，洪流). Some trees might sti
15、ll be dragged by their roots and get lodged along the banks or in the bed of the stream. In this latter case they intercept others coming down, and so create an obstruction, around which sand and sediment (沉淀物) accumulate, until an island is formed. There is another way by which islands are formed.
16、The river is washing continually upon its banks, and sometimes cuts through a narrow neck. A new channel is thus made for a part of the water, while the rest flows on round the circuit in the old course. By this means an island is formed, which may, perhaps, continue for centuries to divide the stre
17、am. （分数：71.00）(1).The Pacific is on the east of the North American continent.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).The lakes are kept constantly full by the rains and by the melting of the snows.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).No one lives in the region of the lakes.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).South of the lake country is a bro
18、ad though shallow valley.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Because it is broad and shallow, the Great Valley has more the appearance of _than of a valley.（分数：7.10）_(6).The thousands of ramifications of Mississippi finally meet in the south in one great trunk.（分数：7.10）_(7)._accumulate around the trees that get
19、lodged along the banks or in the bed of the stream until an island is formed.（分数：7.10）_(8).As you look upon the map, just imagine that you are in the air,_ it as from a balloon, and_ what you see.（分数：7.10）_(9).The surplus waters of all the large lakes flow off finally in a northeasterly direction, a
20、lmost exactly parallel to the coast until they reach the sea. The river thus formed is now known as_.（分数：7.10）_(10).The extent of the valley is marked on the map, not only by the mountains which bound it on the east and on the west, but also by_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She
21、will be a candidate next year.B.She doesnt believe the news.C.The news will disappoint Mary.D.The news upset her.A.Shell take care of her sister.B.Shed go jogging with the man.C.Shes going to look after her sisters child.D.Shes engaged to someone else.A.1 dollar.B.50 cents.C.90 cents.D.95 cents.A.He
22、 hasnt talked to his brother since he transferred.B.He doesnt think his brother should transfer.C.His brother doesnt want to transfer.D.He hadnt heard the news about his brother.A.Its too late to find a tutor.B.The man shouldnt hire the same tutor that she had.C.She isnt prepared for the midterm exa
23、m either.D.The man should hire a tutor before the midterm exam.A.He already knew about the problem.B.Theres nothing wrong with the washing machine.C.Someone has started fixing the washing machine.D.No one complained about the washing machine today.A.The woman should not be angry with her friends.B.T
24、he woman should not get involved at all.C.He will explain to the woman what happened.D.He wants to talk to Cindy and Mark.A.He is not equal to the job.B.He is not well paid for his work.C.He cannot keep his mind on his work.D.He doesnt think the job is challenging enough.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A
25、.Two different types of bones in the human body.B.How bones help the body move.C.How bones continuously repair themselves.D.The chemical composition of human bones.A.They defend the bone against viruses.B.They prevent oxygen from entering the bone.C.They break down bone tissue.D.They connect the bon
26、e to muscle tissue.A.They have difficulty identifying these cells.B.They arent sure how these cells work.C.Theyve learned how to reproduce these cells.D.Theyve found similar cells in other species.A.To learn how to prevent a bone disease.B.To understand differences between bone tissue and other tiss
27、ue.C.To find out how specialized bone cells have evolved.D.To create artificial bone tissue.A.A new fuel for buses.B.The causes of air pollution.C.A way to improve fuel efficiency in buses.D.Careers in environmental engineering.A.Her car is being repaired.B.She wants to help reduce pollution.C.Parki
28、ng is difficult in the city.D.The cost of fuel has increased.A.A fuel that burns cleanly.B.An oil additive that helps cool engines.C.A material from which filters are made.D.An insulating material sprayed on engine parts.A.The high temperatures required for its use.B.The high cost of materials used
29、in its production.C.The lack of trained environmental engineers.D.The opposition of automobile manufacturers.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)A.People are basketball fans.B.People think this game is too violent.C.People didnt know this game well.D.People didnt have enough money to see football games.A.Whe
30、n it is a guest team.B.When it is a home team.C.When it has more money than others.D.When it has more fans than others.A.Mexico wasnt among the 4 final teams.B.Mexico was among the 4 final teams.C.Mexico wasnt among the 2 final teams.D.Mexico was among the 2 final teams.A.Because he was a famous Eng
31、lish writer.B.Because he enjoyed walking along the street.C.Because he had a good memory.D.Because he was proud of his own ability.A.For they are not hard-working.B.For they dont have good memories.C.For they havent enough time for it.D.For they are busy with their own language.A.Mind takes clearer
32、photos of what we see.B.Mind takes pictures of all five senses.C.Mind spends less time taking pictures.D.Mind keeps photos for longer time.A.Picture taking.B.Memory.C.Language learning.D.Poem writing.A.To compare his/her weight with the data on the Internet.B.To compare his/her weight with that of a
33、 actor/actress.C.To consult a doctor.D.To ask ones family.A.Because it is bad for their health.B.Because those people are lazy.C.Because those people maintain good habits.D.Because those measures havent changed peoples bad habits permanently.A.Ask ones mom and dad to help.B.Change the lifestyle of t
34、he whole family.C.Work together friendly.D.Launch a competition for losing weight.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)For many women choosing whether to work or not to work outside their home is a luxury: They must work to survive. Others face a hard decision. Perhaps the easiest choice has to do with (36) 1
35、. One husband said, “Marge and I decided after careful consideration that for her to go back to work at this moment was an (37) 2we couldnt afford.“ With two preschool children, it soon became clear in their figuring that with babysitters, (38) 3, and increased taxes, rather than having more money,
36、they might (39) 4end up with less. Economic factors are usually the first to be (40) 5, but they are not the most important. The most important aspects of the decision have to do with the (41) 6needs of each member of the family. It is in this area that husbands and wives find themselves having to f
37、ace many confusing and (42) 7feelings. There are many women who find that homemaking is boring or who feel (43) 8if they have to stay home with a young child or several children. (44) 9. From my own experience, I would like to suggest that sometimes the decision to go back to work is made in too muc
38、h haste. There are few decisions that I now regret more. (45) 10. I regret my impatience to get on with my career. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：177.00)The Carnegie Foundation report says that many coll
39、eges have tried to be “all things to all people“. In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow minded careerism while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends. Th
40、e problem is that in too many academic fields, the work has no context; skills, rather than being means, have become ends. Students are offered a variety of options and allowed to pick their way to a degree. In short, driven by careerism, “the nations colleges and universities are more successful in
41、 providing credentials (文凭) than in providing a quality education for their students. “The report concludes that the special challenge confronting the undergraduate college is one of shaping an “integrated core“ of common learning. Such a core would introduce students“ to essential knowledge, to con
42、nections across the disciplines, and in the end, to application of knowledge to life beyond the campus.“ Although the key to a good college is a high-quality faculty, the Carnegie study found that most colleges do very little to encourage good teaching. In fact, they do much to undermine it. As one
43、professor observed: “Teaching is important, we are told, and yet faculty know that research and publication matter most.“ Not surprisingly, over the last twenty years colleges and universities have failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates. Faculty members who dedicated themselves
44、 to teaching soon discover that they will not be granted tenure (终身任期), promotion, or substantial salary increases. Yet 70 percent of all faculty say their interests lie more in teaching than in research. Additionally, a frequent complaint among young scholars is that “There is pressure to publish,
45、although there is virtually no interest among administrators or colleagues in the content of the publications. “ （分数：88.50）(1).When a college tries to be “all things to all people ( Line 1, Para. 1 ) it aims to _.（分数：17.70）A.satisfy the needs of all kinds of students simultaneouslyB.focus on trainin
46、g students in various skillsC.encourage students to take as many courses as possibleD.make learning serve academic rather than productive ends(2).By saying that “in too many academic fields, the work has no context“ ( Line 4, Para. 1 ) the author means that the teaching in these areas_.（分数：17.70）A.ignores the actual situationB.is not based on the right perspectiveC.only focuses on an integrated core of common learningD.gives priority to the cultivation of a global vision among students(3).One of the reasons for the current crisis in American colleges a
