1、大学英语六级 229及答案解析(总分：448.01，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Computer and Online Games. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1大学生接触电脑游戏的概况 2电脑游戏对大学生的利与弊 3我对这一问题的看法 （分数：30.00）_二、P
2、art II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)I was talking recently to a friend who teaches at MIT. His field is hot now and every year he is inundated(淹没) by applications from would-be graduate students. “A lot of them seem smart,“ he said. “What I cant tell is whether they have any kind of taste.“ You dont hea
3、r that word much now. And yet we still need the underlying concept, whatever we call it. What my friend meant was that he wanted students who were not just good technicians, but who could use their technical knowledge to design beautiful things. For those of us who design things, these are not just
4、theoretical questions. If there is such a thing as beauty, we need to be able to recognize it. We need good taste to make good things. Instead of treating beauty as an airy abstraction, to be either blathered about or avoided depending on how one feels about airy abstractions, lets try considering i
5、t as a practical question: how do you make good stuff? If you mention taste nowadays, a lot of people will tell you that “taste is subjective.“ They believe this because it really feels that way to them. When they like something, they have no idea why. It could be because its beautiful, or because t
6、heir mother had one, or because they saw a movie star with one in a magazine, or because they know its expensive. Their thoughts are a tangle of unexamined impulses. Like many of the half-truths adults tell us, this one contradicts other things they tell us. After dinning into you that taste is mere
7、ly a matter of personal preference, they take you to the museum and tell you that you should pay attention because Leonardo is a great artist. What goes through the kids head at this point? What does he think “great artist“ means? After having been told for years that everyone just likes to do thing
8、s their own way, he is unlikely to head straight for the conclusion that a great artist is someone whose work is better than the others. A far more likely theory, in his Ptolemaic (托勒密) model of the universe, is that a great artist is something thats good for you, like broccoli, because someone said
9、 so in a book. Saying that taste is just a personal preference is a good way to prevent disputes. The trouble is, its not true. You feel this when you start to design things. Whatever job people do, they naturally want to do better. Football players like to win games. CEOs like to increase earnings.
10、 Its a matter of pride, and a real pleasure, to get better at your job. But if your job is to design things, and there is no such thing as beauty, then there is no way to get better at your job. If taste is just personal preference, then everyones is already perfect: you like whatever you like, and
11、thats it. As in any job, as you continue to design things, youll get better at it. Your tastes will change. And, like anyone who gets better at their job, youll know youre getting better. If so, your old tastes were not merely different, but worse. Poof goes the axiom that taste cant be wrong. Relat
12、ivism is fashionable at the moment, and that may hamper you from thinking about taste, even as yours grows. But if you come out of the closet and admit, at least to yourself, that there is such a thing as good and bad design, then you can start to study good design in detail. How has your taste chan
13、ged? When you made mistakes, what caused you to make them? What have other people learned about design? Once you start to examine the question, its surprising how much different fields ideas of beauty have in common. The same principles of good design crop up again and again. Good design is simple.
14、You hear this from math to painting. In math it means that a shorter proof tends to be a better one. Where axioms are concerned, especially, less is more. It means much the same thing in programming. For architects and designers it means that beauty should depend on a few carefully chosen structural
15、 elements rather than a profusion of superficial ornament. (Ornament is not in itself bad, only when its camouflage on insipid form.) Similarly, in painting, a still life of a few carefully observed and solidly modelled objects will tend to be more interesting than a stretch of flashy but mindlessly
16、 repetitive painting of, say, a lace collar. In writing it means: say what you mean and say it briefly. Good design is timeless. Aiming at timelessness is a way to make yourself find the best answer: if you can imagine someone surpassing you, you should do it yourself. Some of the greatest masters d
17、id this so well that they left little room for those who came after. Every engraver since Durer has had to live in his shadow. Aiming at timelessness is also a way to evade the grip of fashion. Fashions almost by definition change with time, so if you can make something that will still look good far
18、 into the future, then its appeal must derive more from merit and less from fashion. Good design is suggestive. In architecture and design, this principle means that a building or object should let you use it how you want: a good building, for example, will serve as a backdrop for whatever life peop
19、le want to lead in it, instead of making them live as if they were executing a program written by the architect. In software, it means you should give users a few basic elements that they can combine as they wish. In math it means a proof that becomes the basis for a lot of new work is preferable to
20、 a proof that was difficult, but doesnt lead to future discoveries; in the sciences generally, citation is considered a rough indicator of merit. Good design is hard. Hard problems call for great efforts. In math, difficult proofs require ingenious solutions, and those tend to be interesting. Ditto
21、in engineering. When you have to climb a mountain you toss everything unnecessary out of your pack. And so an architect who has to build on a difficult site, or a small budget, will find that he is forced to produce an elegant design. Fashions and flourishes get knocked aside by the difficult busine
22、ss of solving the problem at all. Good design looks easy. In most fields the appearance of ease seems to come with practice. Perhaps what practice does is to train your unconscious mind to handle tasks that used to require conscious thought. In some cases you literally train your body. An expert pia
23、nist can play notes faster than the brain can send signals to his hand. Likewise an artist, after a while, can make visual perception flow in through his eye and out through his hand as automatically as someone tapping his foot to a beat. When people talk about being in “the zone,“ I think what they
24、 mean is that the spinal cord has the situation under control. Your spinal cord is less hesitant, and it frees conscious thought for the hard problems. Good design uses symmetry. I think symmetry may just be one way to achieve simplicity, but its important enough to be mentioned on its own. Nature u
25、ses it a lot, which is a good sign. There are two kinds of symmetry, repetition and recursion. Recursion means repetition in subelements, like the pattern of veins in a leaf. The danger of symmetry, and repetition especially, is that it can be used as a substitute for thought. Good design resembles
26、nature. Its not so much that resembling nature is intrinsically good as that nature has had a long time to work on the problem. Its a good sign when your answer resembles natures. Its not cheating to copy. Working from life is a valuable tool in painting. The aim is not simply to make a record. The
27、point of painting from life is that it gives your mind something to chew on: when your eyes are looking at something, your hands will do more interesting work. （分数：71.00）(1).By taste, my friend meant that he wanted students who were not good technicians, but who could use their technical knowledge t
28、o design beautiful things.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).In math, simplicity means that a detailed proof tends to be a better one.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).If you can make something that is timeless, then its appeal must derive more from merit and less from fashion.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).I think symmetry may b
29、e the only way to achieve simplicity, so its important enough to be mentioned on its own.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Many people today believe that taste is subjective because their thoughts tend to be a tangle of_.（分数：7.10）_(6).Simplicity means_ in writing.（分数：7.10）_(7).A good building, will serve as_,
30、instead of making them live as if they were executing a program written by the architect.（分数：7.10）_(8).Perhaps what practice does is to train your unconscious mind to_.（分数：7.10）_(9).The danger of symmetry, and repetition especially, is that it can be used as_ for thought.（分数：7.10）_(10).The point of
31、painting from life is that it gives your mind_: when your eyes are looking at something, your hands will do more interesting work.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She loves shopping very much.B.She has a lot of studying.C.She always gets high marks in her exams.D.She went shopping w
32、ith the women yesterday.A.To talk with her roommate.B.To talk with the noise maker.C.To talk with the dorm supervisor.D.To talk with all the students in the dorm.A.She should stay up all night to prepare for her exam.B.Shed better have good rest instead.C.She should study in the night and have a res
33、t in the morning before the exam.D.She should sleep early and get up in the morning to study.A.He accepts the womans invitation.B.He doesnt want to accept the womans invitation.C.He has to ask for Susans opinion and then he can decide.D.He doesnt think Susan will agree to go.A.The situation of the r
34、ail service will be the same tomorrow.B.The woman is in time for her class.C.The man drives to university.D.The train station is about to be shut down.A.To practice more on volleyball.B.To have good rest after practice.C.To eat more healthily.D.To focus on her study.A.Wait for him until he finishes
35、his class.B.Invite Judie to play instead.C.Cancel the game and stay at home.D.Go to attend the class with him.A.He dislikes food from the snack bar.B.He doesnt need anything.C.He asks the woman to buy a newspaper for him.D.He will go with the woman and hand in his term paper.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.
36、00)A.Fried chicken.B.Sandwiches.C.Pizza.D.Kebabs.A.Seven times.B.Five times.C.At least seven times.D.At least five times.A.It tastes good.B.It is cheap.C.It is healthy.D.It is convenient.A.Because it is short of vitamins.B.Because it is not very clean.C.Because there are additives.D.Because there ar
37、e not many varieties.A.In the student recreation center.B.In the campus dining hall.C.In the university bookstore.D.In a classroom.A.Watch her partner.B.Play her cards in cooperation with her partner.C.Quit the game.D.Teach the man how to play bridge.A.Miss her card game.B.Stay up too late.C.Take to
38、o heavy a work load next semester.D.Neglect her studies to play bridge.A.He already knows how to play.B.He doesnt like to play games.C.He doesnt have a partner.D.He doesnt have enough free time.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：30.00)A.Their business hours are limited.B.Their safety measures are inadequate.C.The
39、ir banking procedures are complicated.D.They dont have enough service windows.A.People who are in the habit of switching from one bank to another.B.Young people who are fond of modern technology.C.Young people who are wealthy and well-educated.D.People who have computers at home.A.To compete for cus
40、tomers.B.To reduce the size of their staff.C.To provide services for distant clients.D.To expand their operations at a lower cost.A.Replacing the native corn with the hybrid corn.B.Replacing the hybrid corn with the native corn.C.Replacing the new type of corn with the traditional corn.D.Replacing t
41、he traditional corn with the native corn.A.Excellent quality.B.Large productivity.C.Good flavor.D.Both A and B.A.Because their wives didnt like it.B.Because it wasnt good for cooking.C.Because their wives didnt like the flavor.D.All of the above.A.How to handle spiders.B.Spiders in the United States
42、.C.Peoples fear of spiders.D.A special kind of spider.A.Most spiders will not bite even when handled.B.Most spiders are poisonous and dangerous.C.Most spiders are likely to attack people.D.Most spiders have sharp eyes.A.Because she cannot find a husband for herself.B.Because the female spider is lar
43、ger than the male one.C.Because the female spider often eats her husband.D.Because she is a black female spider.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)President Clinton later today joins (36) 1Presidents Ford, Carter and Bush at “the presidents summit for Americas future“(37) 2at recruiting one million voluntee
44、r tutors to provide after-school, weekend and summer reading help for up to three million children. Mr. Clinton will ask Congress this coming week for nearly three (38) 3dollars to fund a five-year called “America Reads“. The would fund the (39) 4efforts of 20 thousand reading (40) 5and it would als
45、o give (41) 6to help parents help children read by the third grade, or about age eight. During his Saturday radio (42) 7, the president explained why the (43) 8is important. “We need America Reads and we need it now. studies show what if the fourth-graders fail to read well, (44) 9. But, 40 percent
46、of them still cant read at a basic level.“ Volunteer tutors, who provide community service in exchange for college funding, are being used in literacy and tutoring s. (45) 10. The president says many of the Philadelphia summits corporate sponsors will recruit tutors. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：177.00)The term “clich” usually applied to a phrase - “he was as hard as nails“ you say of some tough character, or you might describe your heroine as ha
