1、大学英语六级 203 及答案解析(总分：428.03，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Computer and Online Games. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1大学生接触电脑游戏的概况 2电脑游戏对大学生的利与弊 3我对这一问题的看法 （分数：30.00）_二、
2、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The History of Coca-Cola Today, the companys trademark is world-famous and its products average a staggering 400 million servings per day in more than 155 countries. Its a far cry from the humble beginnings of a hundred years ago when sales during the first year aver
3、aged a mere 13 drinks per day, and company profits totaled its (37) 2 force is, in the broadest sense, money. Opportunities to make money mean competition and competition is stressful; it is often at its most (38) 3in the largest cities, where opportunities are greatest. The presence of huge numbers
4、 of people inevitably involves more conflict, more traveling, the (39) 4of public services and (40) 5to those (41) 6and criminals who are drawn to the rich pickings of great cities. Crime has always (42) 7in the relative anonymity of urban life, but todays ease of movement makes its control more dif
5、ficult than ever; there is much evidence that its extent has a direct relationship to the size of the communities. City (43) 8may become trapped in their homes by the fear of crime around them. As a defense against these developments, (44) 9: contacts with other people are generally made brief and i
6、mpersonal; doors are kept locked; telephone numbers may be ex-directory; Journeys outside the home are usually hurried, rather than a source of pleasure. (45) 10. Furthermore, all these defensive forms of behavior are harmful to society in general; they cause widespread loneliness and destroy the co
7、mmunitys concern for its members. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：177.00)Every year television stations receive hundreds of complaints about the loudness of advertisements. However, federal rules forbid t
8、he practice of making ads louder than the programming. In addition, television stations always operate at the highest sound level allowed for reasons of efficiency. According to one NBC executive, no difference exists in the peak sound level of ads programming. Given this information, why do commerc
9、ials sound so loud? The sensation of sound involves a variety of factors in addition to its speak level. Advertisers are skillful at creating the impression of loudness through their expert use of such factors. One major contributor to the perceived loudness of commercials is that much less variatio
10、n in sound level occurs during a commercial. In regular programming the intensity of sound varies over a large range. However, sound levels in commercials tend to stay at or near peak levels. Other “tricks of the trade“ are also used. Because low-frequency sounds can mask higher frequency sounds, ad
11、vertisers filter out any noises that any drown out the primary message. In addition, the human voice has more auditory (听觉的) impact in the middle frequency ranges. Advertisers electronically vary voice sounds so that they stay within such a frequency band. Another approach is to write the script so
12、that lots of consonants (辅音) are used, because people are more aware of consonants than vowel (元音) sounds. Finally , advertisers try to begin commercials with sounds that are highly different from those of the programming within which the commercial is buried. Because people become adapted to the ty
13、pe of sounds coming from programming, a dramatic change in sound quality draws viewer attention. For example, notice how many commercials begin with a cheerful song of some type. The attention-getting property of commercial can be seen by observing one-to-two-year-old children who happen to be playi
14、ng around a television set. They may totally ignore the programming. However, when a commercial comes on, their attention is immediately drawn to it because of its dramatic sound quality. （分数：88.50）(1).According to the passage, the maximum intensity of sound coming from commercials_.（分数：17.70）A.does
15、 not exceed that of programsB.is greater than that of programsC.varies over a large range than that of programsD.is less than that of programs(2).Commercials create the sensation of loudness because_.（分数：17.70）A.TV stations always operate at the highest sound levelsB.their sound levels are kept arou
16、nd peak levelsC.their sound levels are kept in the middle frequency rangesD.unlike regular programs their intensity of sound varies over a wide range(3).Many commercials begin with a cheerful song of some kind because_.（分数：17.70）A.pop songs attract viewer attentionB.it can increase their loudnessC.a
17、dvertisers want to make them sound different from regular programsD.unlike regular programs their intensity of sound varies over a wide range(4).One of the reasons why commercials are able to attract viewer attention is that_.（分数：17.70）A.the human voices in commercials have more auditory impactB.peo
18、ple like cheerful songs that change dramatically in sound qualityC.high-frequency sounds are used to mask sounds that drown out the primary messageD.they possess sound qualities that make the viewer feel that something unusual is happening(5).In the passage, the author is trying to tell us_.（分数：17.7
19、0）A.how TV ads vary vocal sounds to attract attentionB.how the loudness of TV ads is overcomeC.how advertisers control the sound properties of TV adsD.how the attention-getting properties of sounds are made use of in TV ads“The worlds environment is surprisingly healthy. Discuss.“ If that were an ex
20、amination topic, most students would tear it apart, offering a long list of complaints: from local smog (烟雾) to global climate change, from the felling (砍伐) of forests to the extinction of species. The list would largely be accurate, the concern legitimate. Yet the students who should be given the h
21、ighest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement. The surprise is how good things are, not how bad. After all, the worlds population has more than tripled during this century, and world output has risen hugely, so you would expect the earth itself to have been affected. Indeed, if
22、people lived, consumed and produced things in the same way as they did in 1900 (or 1950,or indeed 1980), the world by now would be a pretty disgusting place: smelly, dirty, toxic and dangerous. But they dont. The reasons why they dont, and why the environment has not been ruined, have to do with pri
23、ces, technological innovation, social change and government regulation in response to popular pressure. That is why todays environmental problems in the poor countries ought, in principle, to be solvable. Raw materials have not run out, and show no sign of doing so. Logically, one day they must: the
24、 planet is a finite place. Yet it is also very big, and man is very ingenious. What has happened is that every time a material seems to be running short, the price has risen and, in response, people have looked for new sources of supply, tried to find ways to use less of the material, or looked for
25、a new substitute. For this reason prices for energy and for minerals have fallen in real terms during the century. The same is true for food. Prices fluctuate, in response to harvests, natural disasters and political instability; and when they rise, it takes some time before new sources of supply be
26、come available. But they always do, assisted by new farming and crop technology. The long-term trend has been downwards. It is where prices and markets do not operate properly that this benign (良性的) trend begins to stumble, and the genuine problems arise. Markets cannot always keep the environment h
27、ealthy. If no one owns the resource concerned, no one has an interest in conserving it or fostering it: fish is the best example of this. （分数：88.50）(1).According to the author, most students _.（分数：17.70）A.believe the worlds environment is in an undesirable conditionB.agree that the environment of th
28、e world is not as bad as it is thought to beC.get high marks for their good knowledge of the worlds environmentD.appear somewhat unconcerned about the state of the worlds environment(2).The huge increase in world production and population _.（分数：17.70）A.has made the world a worse place to live inB.ha
29、s had a positive influence on the environmentC.has not significantly affected the environmentD.has made the world a dangerous place to live in(3).One of the reasons why the long-term trend of prices has been downwards is that _.（分数：17.70）A.technological innovation can promote social stabilityB.polit
30、ical instability will cause consumption to dropC.new fanning and crop technology can lead to overproductionD.new sources are always becoming available(4).Fish resources are diminishing because _.（分数：17.70）A.no new substitutes can be found in large quantitiesB.they are not owned by any particular ent
31、ityC.improper methods of fishing have ruined the fishing groundsD.water pollution is extremely serious(5).The primary solution to environmental problems is _.（分数：17.70）A.to allow market forces to operate properlyB.to curb consumption of natural resourcesC.to limit the growth of the world populationD
32、.to avoid fluctuations in pricesSome sentences are taken out from passages. This kind of complex meaning expressed in written language soon becomes a fish out of water. The complexity of spoken language is more like that of a dance; it is not static and dense but mobile and intricate. Much more mean
33、ing is expressed by grammar than by vocabulary. As a consequence, the sentence structure is highly complex, reaching degrees of complexity that are rarely attained in writing. Writing, as recognized by most people, is genuinely formal and readily tangible, but spoken language has merits of its own.
34、It is usually more economic in face-to-face communication, and it allows the omission of much contextual or commonsense information. This permits oral language to be more simplistic and flexible than written language. What is difficult or even impossible to achieve in written language can sometimes
35、be achieved in oral language in a convenient way that does not demand extra efforts. On the other hand, speech can be more difficult to manage in linguistic studies due to such factors that make it readily acceptable as a more economic way of expression. It is in spontaneous, operational speech that
36、 grammar is most fully exploited, such that its semantic frontiers expand and its potential for meaning is enhanced. This is why we have to look to spoken discourse for at least some of the evidence on which to base our theory of the language. Philosophers of language have tended to accept the folk
37、belief, typical of a written culture, according to which spoken language is disorganized and featureless, while only writing shows a wealth of structure and purity of pattern. This is “demonstrated“ by transcriptions in which speech is reduced to writing and made to look like a dogs dinner. Speech w
38、as not meant to be written down, so it often looks silly, just as writing often sounds silly when it is read aloud; but the disorder and fragmentation are a feature of the way it is transcribed. Even a sympathetic transcription like that above cannot represent it adequately, because it shows none of
39、 the intonation or variation in tempo and loudness; but it does show the way it is organized grammatically, and so enables us to analyze it as a text. （分数：-1.00）(1).The author compares spoken language to “a dance“ to say that_.（分数：-0.20）_(2).The author uses the metaphor “a fish out of water“ to mean
40、_.（分数：-0.20）_(3).What can we infer from the second paragraph? （分数：-0.20）_(4).What do philosophers of language tend to believe according to the passage? （分数：-0.20）_(5).What are the advantages of spoken language? （分数：-0.20）_九、Cloze (15 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Tidiness means keeping things out of sight
41、 and yet available when wanted. It implies that there is a place for everything and that each thing 【B1】 finds its way back to 【B2】 place by a continuous process, 【B3】 by a spasmodic effort. The process depends, 【B4】 upon the drawer, cupboard and storage space being provided for lack of which some t
42、hings may literally have 【B5】 place to go. 【B6】 perambulator and trolley, the luggage and the golf-clubs 【B7】 homeless. The same may be true 【B8】 the chairs and the bulkier plastic toys. As there is no place for them, it is 【B9】 people to 【B10】 them away. The architect who thus economizes 【B11】 stor
43、age space is apt 【B12】 that a good-sized sitting room is the result. What advantage 【B13】 in that, however, when half the living-room has to be used for storage? The aesthetic order depends, 【B14】 turn, upon storage space. While it may be true that no house 【B15】 had cupboards enough, there are some
44、 houses 【B16】 have practically no cupboards 【B17】 . In these our choice must 【B18】 between chronic untidiness and 【B19】 destruction. That is not to say, however, that cupboard space will 【B20】 create tidiness. Some people are happier, it would seem, in chaos. There is the question, furthermore, whet
45、her the cupboards themselves are tidy. That everything had been swept out of sight is no proof, in itself, that anything can be found.（分数：71.00）A.usingB.usedC.to be usedD.that usedA.theirB.hisC.ownD.itsA.butB.andC.eitherD.notA.howeverB.whileC.yetD.butA.notB.noC.noneD.anyA.BeingB.AsC.UnlikeD.LikeA.ma
46、y beB.might beC.shall beD.should beA.asB.inC.ofD.withA.not good that tellB.not good tellingC.no good tellingD.no good tellA.takeB.bringC.getD.putA.inB.onC.ofD.atA.to claimB.in claimingC.of claimingD.claimA.there wasB.there isC.was thereD.is thereA.inB.ofC.byD.underA.everB.neverC.at onceD.mayA.whereB.thoseC.andD.whichA.in allB.of allC.at allD.in oneA.layB.laidC.lainD.heA.ruthlessB.restlessC.mercifulD.restorativeA.on its ownB.in personC.by oneselfD.itself十、Translation (5 minu(总题数：5，分数：35.00)3.The students now_(宁愿单独一个人玩电脑，也不愿意到图书馆去查阅资料)（分数：7.00）_
