1、大学英语六级 153及答案解析(总分：448.04，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to apply for a position. You should write at least 150 words following the instructions given below: 假如你叫方小宇，你在北京青年报看到以下招聘广告，请就此写一封求职信： X 公司诚聘文秘一员，要求如下： 本科以上学历；有良好的沟
2、通和协调能力；精通英语和计算机者优先。 应聘者请将简历寄至：北京市中关村北路108号紫光大厦人力资源部，邮编 10008l （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Power Struggle Arnold Schwarzenegger has a mission: he wants to terminate global warming. In June, the California governor called for the state to cut down drastically its greenhouse-gas emiss
3、ions to 80% of 1990 levels in the next 45 years. “The debate is over,“ he said in a forthright speech in San Francisco. “We know the science. We see the threat. And we know the time for action is now.“ This was fighting talk, but if any advanced economy can pull off such drastic cuts in emissions, t
4、his high-technology Pacific Rim state and its 36 million residents probably can. Schwarzenegger has help. He gets support from a team of state energy-conservation experts who have been in the business for years. And first among them is Arthur Rosenfeld. More than three decades ago, Rosenfeld helped
5、to trigger the states successful fight to cut energy consumption; today he is one of the five members of Californias Energy Commission. Rosenfeld spent decades as a physics professor at the University of California, Berkeley. He now commutes weekly between his home overlooking San Francisco Bay and
6、Sacramento, the capital, in an energy-saving car that the state provides. The Energy Commissions job isnt easy: to help the most populous US state figure out how it might cut greenhouse-gas emissions and make money doing it. Under control In his office, Rosenfeld pulls out a data plot of which he is
7、 particularly fond. It shows electricity consumption per capita from 1960 to 2002, with one line for California and one for the United States. In 1960, both lines sit at 4,000 kilowatt-hours per person. They rise at roughly the same pace to about 7,000 kilowatthours in the early 1970s. But at the po
8、int when the US energy crisis struck that decade, the lines diverge dramatically: California virtually flatlines its energy use per citizen even though its economy was outpacing the rest of the nation. The states electricity use per capita today is the lowest in the nation at 6,800 kilowatt-hours, c
9、ompared with 12,800 kilowatthours for the country overall. The strategies that helped California achieve those conservation goals may now help it in its greenhouse-gas cuts. State energy experts, including Rosenfeld, dont foresee California adopting many radical new technologies to meet its ambitiou
10、s goals. Rather, a steady application of proven technologies should do much of the job. Californias $1.5-trillion gross annual product makes it the worlds sixth largest economy, behind France and ahead of Italy. It is the planets ninth-largest emitter of greenhouse gases. “California is not an insig
11、nificant actor, and we are seen as a world leader in protecting the environment,“ says Eileen Tutt, a senior officer at the California Environmental Protection Agency. Still, the governors pledge, made on the United Nations World Environment Day, invited more support. Schwarzenegger is a tax-cutting
12、 Republican who is deeply suspicious of government regulation. Beset by budget fights and union opposition, he has dropped in popularity with the states generally Democratic voters since his election two years ago. But his energy policies, building on those of a string of governors of both parties,
13、get him reputation from longtime activists. “The governor is a real-life climate action hero today,“ Nancy Ryan, a senior economist with the group Environmental Defense, told reporters. Specifically, Schwarzenegger vowed that California will cut its greenhouse-gas emissions to below 2000 levels by 2
14、010 and to less than the 1990 level of 373 million tonnes by 2020. But then the governor added the final, ambitious goal to cut emissions by a further 80% by 2050. Out on a limb His policy stands in opposite contrast to that of the federal administration under President George W. Bush, who has refus
15、ed to ratify the Kyoto Protocol to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions. The president has said that such action would squeeze the US economy too much. California officials say that they can do it while boosting the economy and creating jobs. The states strong environmental policies in the past, they poi
16、nt out, occurred while its economy thrived. Success will require the cooperation of several interlocking agencies. The Energy Commission plays a major role, as do the states Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board and Public Utilities Commission. Schwarzeneggers proclamation renewed the
17、ir “absolute licence to go out and make California a model country for greenhouse policies“, says Stephen Schneider, a physicist and climate-policy analyst at Stanford University. State officials have much at stake. Californias climate could change utterly if a warmer world redirected storm paths. R
18、ising temperatures could cause winter rain instead of snow in the Sierra Nevada mountains, triggering floods for which the states aqueducts(沟渠) and dams are not prepared. Plus, its coast is vulnerable to a rise in sea level. Other states have also recognized their vulnerability to climate change, an
19、d have independently taken climate policy into their own hands. Local legislators, from mayors of cities to state governors, have begun their own versions of Kyoto-like regulations. In the northeast, nine states have agreed to limit carbon dioxide emissions from more than 600 power plants in the reg
20、ion. On the west coast, California has joined with Oregon and Washington in a governors initiative to encourage energy efficiency and conservation. But of all the states, Californias example has caused effect: in recent years many other states have adopted Californias standards for car pollution rat
21、her than the more lax federal standards. And the state is now attracting international attention. In September, its Public Utilities Commission, Energy Commission and the Pacific Gas and Electric Company signed a pact (合同) with Chinas Jiangsu province to train officials and utility executives in ene
22、rgy-conservation tactics. Earlier this month, Schwarzenegger led a sales delegation to China to tout (吹捧) the states energy-saving technologies, and another team from the states Air Resources Board travelled to Belgium to brief European air-quality experts on energy policies. Californias approach to
23、 energy conservation has helped it save money. The state sets electricity rates for private utilities, and sometimes provides subsidies to help power companies induce customers to cut their consumption. If they do, the state gives money back to the companies through rate adjustments and other paymen
24、ts that makes up for what the firms would have earned had they built additional power plants. The Energy Commission calculates that the total power bill for residents is about $16 billion lower each year than if the state had not launched its conservation campaign. Conservation has also managed to p
25、revent some 18 million tonnes of carbon pollution being emitted from power plants equivalent to taking 12 million cars off the roads. After allowing for the cost of measures such as changed building practices, appliances and subsidies, the net saving is about $12 billion. And deeper energy cuts shou
26、ld pay more, the commission says. The Air Resources Board estimates that planned reductions in greenhouse-gas emissions by 2020, from motor vehicles alone, could save Californians $256 million annually by 2010 (mostly from smaller fuel bills), and $4.8 billion annually by 2020. Cut and dried? But wi
27、ll the states longer-term emissions policy succeed? Schneider is unsure how cost-effective the whole plan will be. Earlier stages may pay for themselves, he says, but the final leap to the 80% cut is unlikely to come without costs. “It would take a total modification of our fuel infrastructure(基础设施)
28、,“ he notes. So far, even state planners arent sure how they will meet the later goals. “We dont have the details, but well have a report to the governors office in January,“ says Tutt. Some fresh ideas are already in the works. One notion, is to place 1 million solarpanel (太阳能) systems on rooftops
29、by 2018. California gets about 11% of its electricity from geothermal, wind, biomass and solar units; for the United States overall, the number is around 2%. California aims to increase its share of renewable sources to 20% by 2010 and to 33% by 2020. Also helpful will be the vehicle clean-up legisl
30、ation enacted just before Schwarzeneggers arrival. This requires car manufacturers, starting in 2009, to cut greenhouse-gas emissions from new cars and trucks by 22% by 2013 and 33% by 2017. But the law remains in dispute perhaps predictably, car companies have sued. They argue that carbon dioxide i
31、s not a pollutant, and that regulating it at state level would pre-empt (先占) federal control over the fuel-efficiency standards in new cars. In the long run, the governor has chosen hydrogen-fuelled cars as his personal crusade. Wind power figures large in state plans. California pioneered wide-scal
32、e use of it and already has more than 14,000 wind turbines. In a good breeze their combined capacity is 2,100 megawatts about the same as two nuclear power plants. State energy officials estimate that wind alone, in principle, can generate an additional 30,000 megawatts. （分数：71.00）(1).Arnold Schwarz
33、enegger is the California governor.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).The job of Californias Energy Commission is to help US to cut down greenhouse-gas emissions.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The electricity consumption per capita in America is 12,800 kilowatt-hours today.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).To realize its goal, Ca
34、lifornia will adopt many new technologies.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Schwarzeneggers energy policies get him reputation_.（分数：7.10）_(6).Schwarzeneggers energy policy is_ to that of the federal administration under President George W. Bush.（分数：7.10）_(7).The policys success requires the cooperation between
35、_, _,_, and_.（分数：7.10）_(8).Many local governments, from cities to state, have enacted (通过法案) their own versions of_ regulations of climate policy.（分数：7.10）_(9).According to the Energy Commission, the total power bill for residents in California is about_ if the state had not launched its conservatio
36、n campaign.（分数：7.10）_(10).California obtains about 11% of its electricity from_,_, _and_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.He may convert it and use it as a restaurant.B.He may pull it down and build a new restaurant.C.He may rent it out for use as a restaurant.D.He may sell it.A.The
37、 woman is upset because she didnt pass the examination.B.The woman doesnt hope for a promotion.C.The man gets used to counting on the woman.D.The man thinks that the women should be promoted.A.He is very quiet.B.He gives amusing lectures.C.He should give more than one series of talks.D.He lectures o
38、nly to the serious students.A.Mark doesnt like water.B.Mark doesnt belong here.C.Mark is like a fish.D.Mark is in this class.A.He was very slow in doing things.B.He was the right person to do such a thing.C.He is expected to do such a thing.D.He would never do such a thing.A.A stormy ocean.B.Calm wa
39、ter.C.Golden sand.D.Little waves.A.He lost a button at work.B.He doesnt know where he put the calculator.C.He thinks he broke something the woman lent him.D.Hes not sure how to solve the math problem.A.He is having a hard time letting his apartment.B.He prefers his old tenant to the new one.C.He is
40、not accustomed to living with the new tenant yet.D.He doesnt want to lend his apartment to her.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Her kids will arrive home after school.B.She is too exhausted to work.C.She has finished her work.D.The man does not ask her to go back to the office.A.It is produced by weird
41、people.B.The woman does not like it.C.One can see a lot of strange things in it.D.The man is determined to watch it tonight.A.The woman will record tonights program.B.He will be having a meeting with his boss at that time.C.His boss might ask him to stay up late.D.He may have to prepare for tomorrow
42、s business trip.A.How different kinds of pepper are produced.B.Why white pepper is superior to dishes.C.How the pepper plant is grown.D.How various peppers are used in cooking.A.He read about it in a cookbook.B.He grows his own herbs and spices.C.He heard about it from a friend.D.He studied it in co
43、oking school.A.Its preserved in liquid.B.The skin is removed.C.Its dried in the sun.D.Its freeze-dried.A.He answered all her questions correctly.B.He received a good grade in cooking class.C.She likes what he has just cooked.D.Shes impressed with his knowledge.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：30.00)A.A diet lar
44、gely consisting of fruits and vegetables.B.A diet including grains, fresh fruit and vegetables, and meat.C.A diet including a combination of several different food types.D.A diet without fat and oils.A.Having selected food types.B.Eating vegetables and fruits.C.Eating as much as possible.D.Having al
45、l food types in proper proportions.A.To rise peoples awareness of balanced diet.B.To warn people of the consequences of not having balanced diet.C.To show people the right proportions and types of foods that make up a balanced diet.D.To divide food into different categories.A.2 - 5B.3 - 5C.2 - 4D.3
46、- 4A.Working too long.B.Accumulated stress.C.Bad sleeping habits.D.Anti-social lifestyles.A.A third.B.Less than three-fifths.C.Almost half.D.More than three-fifths.A.It is not as bad as it used to be.B.Americans do not want to give up any more sleep.C.Americans guarantee to change the sleeping habit
47、s.D.Americans want to know just how bad it is to their health.A.Bringing in a guest expert on the show.B.Discussing how to change the situation.C.Getting feedback from listeners who call the show.D.Discussing whether this is a trend in all developing countries.A.India.B.New York.C.St. Louis.D.Chicago.A.His training in an art school.B.His mother.C.A desire to earn a lot of money.D.Th
