1、大学英语六级 151及答案解析(总分：428.02，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Psychological Problems of University Students. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline giv
2、en below: （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Suggestions for Improving Reading Speed Improvement of Reading Rate It is safe to say that almost anyone can double his or her speed of reading while maintaining equal or even better comprehension. In other words, you can improve the speed with
3、 which you get what you want from your reading. The average college student reads between 250 and 350 words per minute on fiction and non-technical materials. A “good“ reading speed is around 500 to 700 words per minute, but some people can read 1000 words per minute or more on these materials. What
4、 makes the difference? There are three main factors involved in improving reading speed: (1) the desire to improve, (2) the willingness to try new techniques and (3) the motivation to practice. Learning to read rapidly and well presupposes that you have the necessary vocabulary and comprehension ski
5、lls. When you have advanced on the reading comprehension materials to a level at which you can understand college-level materials, you will be ready to practice speed reading in earnest. The Role of Speed in the Reading Process Understanding the role of speed in the reading process is essential. Res
6、earch shows a close relation between speed and understanding although it is the opposite of what you might expect! Among thousands of individuals taking reading training, in most cases an increase in rate was accompanied by an increase in comprehension, and a decrease in rate brought decreased compr
7、ehension with it. It appears that plodding (单调乏味的), word-by-word analysis inhibits rather than increases understanding. Most adults are able to increase their reading rate considerably and rather quickly without lowering their comprehension. These same individuals usually show a decrease in comprehe
8、nsion when they reduce their rate. Such results, of course, are heavily dependent upon the method used to gain the increased rate. Simply reading more rapidly without actual improvement in basic reading habits usually results in lowered comprehension. Factors that Reduce Reading Rate The factors whi
9、ch reduce reading rate are : -Limited perceptual span (word-by-word reading) -Slow perceptual reaction time (slow recognition and response to the material) -Vocalization (reading aloud) -Faulty eye movements (including inaccuracy in placement of the page, in return sweep, in rhythm and regularity of
10、 movement, etc.) -Regression (needless or unconscious rereading) -Faulty habits of attention and concentration (including simple inattention during the reading act and faulty processes of retention) -Lack of practice in reading use it or lose it! -Fear of losing comprehension, causing the person to
11、deliberately read more slowly -Habitual slow reading, in which the person cannot read faster because he or she has always read slowly -Poor evaluation of which aspects are important and which are unimportant -The effort to remember everything rather than to remember selectively Since these condition
12、s also tend to reduce comprehension, increasing the reading rate by eliminating them is likely to produce increased comprehension, too. This is entirely different from simply speeding up the rate of readingwhich may actually make the real reading problem more severe. In addition, forced acceleration
13、 may destroy confidence in ones ability to read. The obvious solution, then, is to increase rate as a part of a total improvement of the whole reading process, as special training programs in reading do. Basic Conditions for Increased Reading Rate A well-planned program prepares for maximum increase
14、 in rate by establishing the necessary conditions. Three basic conditions include: -Eliminate the habit of pronouncing words as you read. If you sound out words in your throat or whisper them, your reading rate is slowed considerably. You should be able to read most materials at least two or three t
15、imes faster silently than orally, because you can get meaning from phrases without reading each word individually. If you are aware of sounding or “hearing“ words as you read, try to concentrate on key words and meaningful ideas as you force yourself to read faster. -Avoid regressing (rereading). Th
16、e average student reading at 250 words per minute regresses or rereads about 20 times per page. Rereading words and phrases is a habit which will slow your reading speed down to a snails pace. Usually, it is unnecessary to reread words, for the ideas you want are explained and elaborated more fully
17、later. Furthermore, the slowest reader usually regresses most frequently. Because he reads slowly, his mind has time to wander and his rereading reflects both his inability to concentrate and his lack of confidence in his comprehension skills. -Develop a wider eye-span. This will help you read more
18、than one word at a glance. Since written material is less meaningful if read word by word, this will help you learn to read by phrases or thought units. Rate Adjustment Poor results are inevitable if the reader attempts to use the same rate for all types of material and for all reading purposes. He
19、must learn to adjust his rate to his purpose in reading and to the difficulty of the material. The fastest rate works on easy, familiar, interesting material or in reading to gather information on a particular point. A slower rate is better for material which is unfamiliar in content and language st
20、ructure or which must be thoroughly digested. The effective reader adjusts his rate; the ineffective reader always uses the same rate. Rate may be adjusted overall for an entire article, or internally for parts of an article. As an analogy, imagine that you plan to take a 100-mile mountain trip. Sin
21、ce this trip will include hills, curves, and a mountain pass, you estimate it will take three hours for the total trip, averaging about 35 miles an hour. This is your overall rate adjustment. In actual driving, however, you may slow down to no more than 15 miles per hour on some curves and hills, wh
22、ile speeding up to 50 miles per hour or more on relatively straight and level sections. This is your internal rate adjustment. Similarly, there is no set rate which the good reader follows inflexibly in reading a particular selection, even though he has set himself an overall rate for the total job.
23、 Reading rate should vary according to your reading purpose. To understand information, for example, skim or scan at a rapid rate. To determine the value of material or to read for enjoyment, read rapidly or slowly according to your feeling. To read analytically, read at a moderate pace to permit yo
24、u to interrelate ideas. The nature and difficulty of the material also calls for adjustments in rate. Obviously, the level of difficulty depends greatly on the particular readers knowledge. While Einsteins theories may be extremely difficult for most laymen, they would be very simple and clear to a
25、professor of physics. Hence, the layman and the physics professor will read the same material at different rates. Generally, difficult material will entail a slower rate; simpler material will permit a faster rate. Conclusion In general, decrease speed when you find the following: -Unfamiliar termin
26、ology. Try to understand it in context at that point; otherwise, read on and return to it later. -Difficult sentence and paragraph structure. Slow down enough to enable you to untangle them and get accurate context for the passage. -Unfamiliar or abstract concepts. Look for applications or examples
27、of your own concepts as well as studying those of the writer. Take enough time to get them clearly in mind. -Detailed, technical material. This includes complicated directions, statements of difficult principles, and materials on which you have scant background. -Material on which you want detailed
28、retention. Increase speed when you meet the following; -Simple material with few ideas which are new to you. Move rapidly over the familiar ones; spend most of your time on the unfamiliar ideas. -Unnecessary examples and illustrations. Since these are included to clarify ideas, move over them rapidl
29、y when they are not needed. -Detailed explanation and idea elaboration which you do not need. -Broad, generalized ideas and ideas which are restatements of previous ones. These can be readily grasped, even with scan techniques. （分数：71.00）(1).You can improve your reading rate even if you dont have en
30、ough grammar knowledge.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).An increase in reading rate usually results in an increase in reading comprehension.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).People usually reread the materials when losing their interest.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).To improve reading speed, people can scan some unnecessary ex
31、planations and examples.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Peoples confidence in reading might be destroyed by 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(6).People can increase their reading speed if they read silently rather than 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(7).When you sound or “hear“ words as you read, you should force yourself to focus on i
32、mportant words and 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(8).A wider eye-span allows readers to read by phrases or 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).An efficient reader always changes his rate according to his 1 and the difficulty of the reading material.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).It is necessary to make frequent 1 reading rate adjustme
33、nt.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Swimming.B.Playing basketball.C.Boating.D.Playing volleyball.A.Around 6 p.mB.Around 7 p.mC.Around 7:30 p.mD.Around 8:30 p.mA.He works three times as much as he did before.B.He has two free days for every three days he works.C.He works three
34、nights every two weeks.D.He has twice as much work as he used to have.A.Because he forgot her phone number.B.Because she hasnt seem him lately.C.Because he never invites her to dinner.D.Because he doesnt phone ahead before visiting.A.To clean up her room.B.To get her report back.C.Not to wait for hi
35、m.D.Not to worry about her raincoat.A.The exam was difficult for the woman.B.The test consisted of one page.C.The woman found the exam easy.D.The woman completed the exam in one hour.A.Coffee.B.Tea.C.Water.D.Coca-Cola.A.The problem may have been a very complicated one.B.The man can solve the problem
36、 himself.C.Even Linda can not solve the problem.D.The woman thinks that the problem is too easy.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.She doesnt want to pay the late fee.B.She is given incorrect information.C.She cant afford to pay her tuition.D.She didnt pass her mathematics class last semester.A.The direct
37、or couldnt give her an appointment right away.B.The office was closed the first time she went.C.The computers were out of service the first time she was there.D.She did not have acceptable identification with her on her first visit.A.Her prior schooling.B.Her name and residence address.C.Her age.D.H
38、er driving record.A.The director probably isnt able to make an exception.B.The director probably wont see her.C.The director usually isnt very helpful.D.Part-time students arent the directors responsibility.A.She doesnt know where all her money has gone.B.She has no time to study.C.She has to take m
39、ore part-time work.D.She is short of money.A.190 dollars.B.760 dollars.C.250 dollars.D.1010 dollars.A.He is Janes boyfriend.B.He is Janes financial consultant.C.He and Jane are schoolmates.D.He works in the loan section of a bank.A.She wants Harry to be her financial consultant.B.She earns little bu
40、t spends far too much money for a student.C.She has a poor head for economics.D.She wants to ask for a loan from Harrys bank.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)A.Pre-law students.B.A group of students.C.The audience.D.The faculty.A.Typing skills.B.Experience in journalism.C.Being a qualified student.D.Lots
41、of money.A.Two days later.B.In a couple of days.C.Immediately after the meeting.D.Tomorrow.A.Energy conservation.B.A new kind of transportation.C.Strip cities.D.Advantages of air transportation over rail roads.A.On short trips.B.On long trips.C.When flying over cities.D.When flying at high altitude.
42、A.It uses nuclear energy.B.It rests on a cushion of professional air.C.It flies over magnetically activated tracks.D.It uses a device similar to a jet engine.A.It is more comfortable than a conventional train.B.It doesnt require much track maintenance.C.It doesnt remain in any station very long.D.It
43、 carries more passengers than a conventional train.A.A kind of German sausage.B.A resident of Frankfurt.C.A kind of German bread.D.The name of a German town.A.He raised dogs.B.He was a cartoonist.C.He was a cook.D.He sold fast food.A.Because it was too hot to eat right away.B.Because the Americans f
44、ound they were from Germany.C.Because people had to get used to their taste.D.Because people thought they contained dog meat.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The early European settlement is along one of our well-known riverswhich (36) 1into the Atlantic to form New York bay. The Hudson river has a (37) 2
45、of interesting physical features that made it very attractive for settlement by the Europeans. The first is that the river (38) 3inland from the Atlantic Ocean for more than 150 mile with no waterfalls or (39) 4. Its surface is (40) 5flat for that entire distance, with no tides. Second, the whole 15
46、0-mile stretch is influenced by tides from the Atlantic Ocean. (41) 6every six hours, the river (42) 7direction, flowing north when the tide is (43) 8and south toward the ocean when the tide is going down. (44) 9, and this explains why the Dutch penetrated so far inland. There were the first Europea
47、ns to settle in the Hudson valley. Of course, to go upstream, the Dutch settlers needed the right kind of boat, and so to navigate the river, they design a sloop with only one mast but with two sails, one rigged in front of the mast and one behind. (45) 10. Hudson river sloops carried passengers and
48、 cargo. The cargo ranging form coal, lumber and hay to fruit, vegetables and livestock. Traveling only ten miles an hour in a good wind, the sloop was not too speedy by modern standards, but it was ideally suited to the Dutch settlement, (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：177.00)Did the Ancient Greeks and Romans have a sense of fashion? Historians of d
