1、大学英语六级 148 及答案解析(总分：428.03，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled A Letter to the Mayor. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 假如你是王玲，请你就社区附近建筑工地的污染问题给市长写一封信，内容应涉及污染情况、给居民带来的不便以及你的建议。
2、 （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Bored for years Do you hate your life? No, not quite. Are you rather disappointed that you cant be doing something more interesting or entertaining? Yes, definitely. If you are in such a state of mind, you are suffering from boredom. According to an onl
3、ine dictionary, the definition of boredom is “the feeling of being bored by something tedious“. Although almost all of us sometimes suffer from boredom, but hardly anyone begin to think about the old problem from a philosophical point of view except Lars Svendsen. Lars Svendsen was bored. The 28-yea
4、r-old Norwegian philosopher found himself with nothing to do one day. Other people might phone a friend or go to a movie. Being a philosopher, Svendsen began to get interested in boredom where it comes from, why it happens and what role it plays in our lives. The results are now in his book, the “Ph
5、ilosophy of Boredom“. Although boredom is something that we have all suffered from at some point in our lives, and has become one of the central preoccupations of our age, very few of us can explain precisely what it is. In this book Lars Svendsen examines the nature of boredom, how it originated, i
6、ts history, how and why it afflicts us, and why we cannot seem to overcome it by any act of will. Lets look at some of the book reviews: “This book discusses boredom firmly placed within specific historical and geographical bounds; all examples presented come from a Western tradition, broadly speaki
7、ng. To name but a few of the philosophers analysed, the range spans from Aristotle and Seneca, via Pascal, to Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer and Nietzsche, and on to Benjamin, Heidegger, Habermas and Adorno. It relies extensively on examples from European and U.S. literature spanning a wide historical br
8、eadth, from Paul the Apostle to Holderlin and Mann, from Dostoevsky, Beckett, and Pessoa to American Psycho (Andy Warhol, Iggy Pop, and the movie Crash are also mentioned). In short, this book is firmly about Western boredom. In this, it is not alone. What makes it special is its focus on the philos
9、ophical understanding of boredom as a problem of modernity .What can a book on the philosophy of boredom contribute to anthropology? This book presents both a philosophy and a history of the concept of boredom in the West-excellent reference points for the anthropologist interested in boredom. The b
10、ook is divided into four parts. The first is concerned with The Problem of Boredom, looking at typologies of boredom, and the associations between boredom and a number of related issues: meaning, modernity, work, leisure, novelty, and death. The second part, Stories of Boredom, covers boredom as dea
11、lt with in literature (and film), from pre-modern forms such as acedia, via Boredom, Body, Technology and Transgression, to Andy Warhols renunciation of personal meaning. The third part, The Phenomenology of Boredom, is a careful outline and a convincing critique of Heideggers understanding of bored
12、om. Lastly, part four, The Ethics of Boredom, examines boredoms own moral. Throughout, the book considers contemporary boredom from a number of different angles but always as linked to moderity through developments set in train during Romanticism .Svendsen ponders the significance of childhood and y
13、outh being fairly recent social constructs and the effects on a society that emphasises youth over maturity. Arguing that the Western self is inextricably linked to ideals of Romanticism, he says “we are suspended somewhere between childhood and maturity, in an eternal adolescence and adolescence is
14、 stuffed with boredom. This is one explanation for the ubiquity of boredom in modern life I have not come across before, and one giving food for thought and inviting anthropological investigations of ideas of personhood and ideas of boredom.“ When people are bored time seems to stretch out endlessly
15、. In fact, the first recorded use of the word in English or any other European language was in the year 1760. Westerners have been bored for exactly 245 years. The word “interesting“ was first used around the same time. The date is significant because it connects the beginning of boredom with the st
16、art of the Industrial Revolution in Europe. Before then, it seems that life was neither interesting nor boring. Life was just life. The peasant thought of himself as part of the countryside. The craftsman worked from home, mixing his occupation with his family and friends. Many thousands of people w
17、ere just struggling to stay alive. It was in 1764 that James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny and James Watt invented the steam engine. These two revolutionary machines tore the peasant from his creative self-sufficiency and substituted machine-work for handiwork. When Europe began to moderniz
18、e, this arrangement changed. The invention of new machines and processes made it more efficient to organize work as something separate. The long, boring day at the office or factory began. This also meant that time was created when people had nothing to do. This also became known as leisure time. In
19、dustries came into being that created products and services with which people could fill the space in their lives using the money they had earned doing boring work. Work in the 19th century duly became unbelievably boring and tedious, and has remained so ever since. Modern consumerism provides an ar
20、senal of weapons to alleviate boredom. The rise of individualism also helps to create the sense of boredom. In the past, people felt that their happiness was linked with the well being of the community. In the modern age, people feel that they have a right to be entertained. They have been working a
21、ll day in boring jobs and want some fun. This seemed to have separated entertainment form work. It is also interesting to learn that the concept of “interesting“ emerged at roughly the same time. Before 1760, we neither classified things as being “boring“ nor “interesting“. Perhaps the concept of in
22、dividualism was not sufficiently developed for man to presume to judge one way or the other. Things and people are interesting because they are different from other people and things. But there are millions of people who want entertainment. It is not possible to write a book or make a film that suit
23、s every individual. Instead, we have books, films and other entertainment products that are the same for everyone. And this standardization contributes to the idea that life is boring. We run away from boredom, but it always seems to catch up. Svendsen thinks we should stop running. “Being bored is
24、one of our most important sources of motivation,“ he says. “Those who never learn that existence includes some boredom will spend their whole lives trying to flee it. And then boredom will control their whole lives. “ He used the punk movement as an example of the positive power of boredom. Punk sta
25、rted in the UK in the 1970s, when thousands of bored urban youths began to make their own music, create their own clothing, self-publish magazines and books and start all kinds of small cultural enterprises. The results were often bad. But it is more interesting to make bad music than to listen to g
26、ood music. And there is nothing more boring than a group of people sitting around waiting for someone to do something interesting. This is also why teenagers and young people seem to be more bored than everyone else, even though most of the entertainment business exists to serve them. Teenagers have
27、 to listen to their parents and teachers. Teenagers do not have financial independence. Teenagers are not in control of their lives. There is probably no way to end boredom without changing the whole of the society. Then we can all have an interesting time trying to find something to eat. Therefore,
28、 in the end of this book, Svendsen seems to say that boredom is just something weve got to live with. Some people are more prone to it than others. Svendsen sees it as principally a psychological condition, “The problem of boredom has no solution“, says Svendsen. “But you can change the problem by a
29、ccepting that existence includes a lot of boredom. In the depth of boredom, you are thrown back upon yourself. It is a good source of self knowledge.“ Accept boredom. It might make you a more interesting person. （分数：71.00）(1).Very few people sometimes suffer from boredom, a feeling of disappointment
30、 that one cannot be doing something more interesting and entertaining.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).In his book “Philosophy of Boredom“, Lars Svendsen examines the origin of boredom, its history, how and why it afflicts us, and how to overcome it.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).According to this passage, the start
31、of the Industrial Revolution in Europe generated the appearance of the word “boredom“ and the word “interesting“.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Since the Industrial Revolution, the quality of books, films and other entertainment products began to decrease.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).According to an online dictio
32、nary, the definition of boredom is “_“.（分数：7.10）_(6).Although almost all of us sometimes suffer from boredom, but hardly anyone begin to think about the old problem from_except Lars Svendsen.（分数：7.10）_(7).The last part of Lars Svendsen is The Ethics of Boredom which examines boredoms own moral（分数：7.
33、10）_(8).In fact, the first recorded use of the word bored in English or any other European language was in the year_.（分数：7.10）_(9).It was in 1764 that James Hargreaves invented_ and James Watt invented the_.（分数：7.10）_(10)._ seem to be more bored than everyone else, even though most of the entertainm
34、ent business exists to serve them.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Go to the concert.B.Go to work.C.See her friends as planned.D.Finish her homework.A.She doesnt feel that now is the right time.B.She wonders if they really need to do so.C.Shes writing her seminar presentation now.D.
35、Shes suggesting that they talk about it later.A.Shes going to earn more money.B.She is writing a book on literature.C.She has met some interesting students.D.She is enjoying reading good books.A.It was badly performed.B.He liked it very much.C.The actors were enthusiastic.D.It was funny.A.The kilogr
36、am.B.The energy content.C.Heat energy of water.D.The calorie.A.Mr. Smith will be replaced if he makes another mistake.B.Mr. Smith is an admirable chief of the Asian Department.C.Mr. Smiths department is more successful than all the others.D.Mr. Smith is seldom in his office.A.At the movie theatre.B.
37、At a cafeteria.C.At the Zoo.D.At the library.A.Winter is his favorite time for sports.B.Sports are quite important to him.C.He should be more enthusiastic.D.He plays better than he used to.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Find his glasses.B.Sit up straight.C.Finish his project.D.Get enough rest.A.Experi
38、mental medicines.B.Special treatment centers.C.Flexible working schedule.D.Innovative physical exercises.A.Buy a new watch.B.Go to bed earlier.C.See a doctor.D.Change his job.A.Go to summer school.B.Take a vacation.C.Stay at home.D.Earn some money.A.They hired someone to stay in their home.B.They le
39、ft their pets with neighbors.C.They rented their house to a student.D.They asked their gardener to watch their home.A.Walking the dog.B.Cutting the grass.C.Watching the children.D.Feeding the fish.A.They attend a housesitters party.B.They check a housesitters references.C.They interview a housesitte
40、rs friends.D.They look at a housesitter s transcripts.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)A.The housing problem in the U. S.B.The problem of taking drugs in the U. S.C.The problem of unemployment in China.D.The problem of the workers strikes in England.A.A druggist.B.An addict.C.physician.D.A dentist.A.The p
41、oor.B.The unemployed.C.The old.D.The young.A.Drugs have caused American people to have no enough drugs of medical use.B.Drugs have ruined many American peoples mind.C.Drugs have caused many American people to lose health.D.Both B and CA.They give out faint cries.B.They make noises to drive away inse
42、cts.C.They extend their water pipes.D.They become elastic like rubber bands.A.Quiet plants.B.Well-watered plantsC.Healthy plants.D.Thirsty plants.A.They could drive the insects away.B.They could keep the plants well-watered.C.They could make the plants grow faster.D.They could build devices to trap
43、insects.A.They make decisions by tossing coins.B.They are not physically separated.C.They think exactly the same way.D.They share most of their vital organs.A.Few of them can live long.B.Few of them get along well with each other.C.Most of them live a normal life.D.Most of them differ in their likes
44、 and dislikes.A.They go to a regular school.B.They attend a special school.C.They are taught by their parents.D.They have a private tutor.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)President Clinton later today joins (36) 1Presidents Ford, Carter and Bush at “the presidents summit for Americas future“(37) 2at recru
45、iting one million volunteer tutors to provide after-school, weekend and summer reading help for up to three million children. Mr. Clinton will ask Congress this coming week for nearly three (38) 3dollars to fund a five-year called “America Reads“. The would fund the (39) 4efforts of 20 thousand read
46、ing (40) 5and it would also give (41) 6to help parents help children read by the third grade, or about age eight. During his Saturday radio (42) 7, the president explained why the (43) 8is important. “We need America Reads and we need it now. studies show what if the fourth-graders fail to read well
47、, (44) 9. But, 40 percent of them still cant read at a basic level.“ Volunteer tutors, who provide community service in exchange for college funding, are being used in literacy and tutoring s. (45) 10. The president says many of the Philadelphia summits corporate sponsors will recruit tutors. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
