1、大学英语六级-253 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.二十四节气二十四节气 (24 solar terms)是统称，包括 十二节气 (12 major solar terms)和 十二中气 (12 minor solar terms)，它们彼此之间相互关联。二十四节气反映了天气变化，可以指导农业耕作，也影响着人们的生活。春秋战国时期，人们开始使用节气作为补充历法。公元前 104 年，二十四节气最终确立。众所周知，中国是一个有着悠久农业发展史的国家。农业生产受自然规律影响极大。在古代，农民根据太阳的运动安
2、排农业生产活动。二十四节气考虑到了太阳的位置，这就是我们重视它的原因。 （分数：20.00）_2.曲艺曲艺是指民谣、说书和 相声 (crosstalk)等民间说唱艺术形式。作为中国古代的表演艺术，曲艺是不同表演类型的统称，表现形式为说、唱或二者兼有。作为独立的艺术形式，曲艺兴起于唐朝中期，繁荣于宋朝。曲艺深植于中国，可分为三大类型、400 个曲种。三大类型是说书、说唱艺术和笑话。说书既可以只用语言，也可以配乐，北方最典型的无伴奏类型之一是 评书 (Pingshu)；说唱艺术似乎听众最多；笑话最重要的形式是相声。在口音或音乐方面，每种类型都有强烈的地方色彩。 （分数：20.00）_3.年度热词年
3、度热词 (annual hot word)是互联网时代产生的一种新的 文化景观 (cultural landscape)。自 2009年开始的每年年末，主流报纸、杂志、网络和广大网民共同评选出当年最火最热的十大流行词，成为当年的年度热词。这些精心挑选出的年度热词的来源五花八门，有的是网民根据社会现象发明创造出来的别具一格的新词，有的是轰动一时的社会事件的关键词。年度热词不仅同国际国内政治、经济、文化息息相关，更与人们的日常生活有紧密联系。 （分数：20.00）_4.中国近代史概况19 世纪初，清王朝迅速衰败。英国在这一时期向中国输入大量 鸦片 (opium)，清政府力图查禁鸦片。英国为保护鸦片
4、贸易，于 1840 年对中国发动了侵略战争，清政府最后同英国政府签订了丧权辱国的 南京条约 ( Treaty of Nanking )。鸦片战争之后，英、美、法、俄、日等国家不断强迫清政府签订各种不平等条约，中国逐渐沦为半殖民地半封建社会。1911 年， 孙中山 (Dr. Sun Yat-sen)领导的辛亥革命推翻了清王朝的统治，同时也结束了 2000 多年的 封建君主制 (feudal monarchy)，建立了中华民国。 （分数：20.00）_5.中华文明概述中国是世界四大文明古国之一，幅员辽阔，物产丰富，历史文化悠久。五千年的 人文创造 (humanistic creativity)和天
5、开万物造就的自然景观为我们留下了数量繁多的名胜古迹，创造了辉煌的文化和艺术。中国位于亚洲东部、太平洋西岸，面积 960 万平方公里。中国人口约 13 亿，共有 56 个民族，是世界上人口最多的国家。位于中国的 青藏高原 (The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau)是海拔最高的高原，喜马拉雅山系(Himalayas)是世界上最大的山系，其主峰珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语六级-253 (1)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.二十四节气二十四节气 (24 solar term
6、s)是统称，包括 十二节气 (12 major solar terms)和 十二中气 (12 minor solar terms)，它们彼此之间相互关联。二十四节气反映了天气变化，可以指导农业耕作，也影响着人们的生活。春秋战国时期，人们开始使用节气作为补充历法。公元前 104 年，二十四节气最终确立。众所周知，中国是一个有着悠久农业发展史的国家。农业生产受自然规律影响极大。在古代，农民根据太阳的运动安排农业生产活动。二十四节气考虑到了太阳的位置，这就是我们重视它的原因。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The 24 solar terms is a general name of t
7、he system that consists of 12 major solar terms and 12 minor solar terms linked with each other. It reflects the climate change, guides agriculture arrangements and also affects people“s life. In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people began to use solar terms as the suppl
8、ementary calendar. It was in 104 BC that the 24 solar terms was finally set down. As we all know, China is a country with a long history of agriculture. Agricultural production is largely influenced by the laws of nature. In ancient times, peasants arranged their agricultural activities according to
9、 the move of the sun. It is the fact that the 24 solar terms takes account of the position of the sun that makes us attach importance to it.2.曲艺曲艺是指民谣、说书和 相声 (crosstalk)等民间说唱艺术形式。作为中国古代的表演艺术，曲艺是不同表演类型的统称，表现形式为说、唱或二者兼有。作为独立的艺术形式，曲艺兴起于唐朝中期，繁荣于宋朝。曲艺深植于中国，可分为三大类型、400 个曲种。三大类型是说书、说唱艺术和笑话。说书既可以只用语言，也可以配乐，
10、北方最典型的无伴奏类型之一是 评书 (Pingshu)；说唱艺术似乎听众最多；笑话最重要的形式是相声。在口音或音乐方面，每种类型都有强烈的地方色彩。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Quyi refers to folk vocal art forms such as ballad singing, story-telling and crosstalk. As an ancient performing art in China, quyi is a general term that covers several different types of performances i
11、n which speech, singing or both are used. As an independent art form, it was formed in the middle Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty. Deeply taking root in China, the art is divided into three major styles and subdivided into 400 parts. The three major styles are story-telling, story-si
12、nging, and joke-telling. Story-telling can be either words only, or words with music. One of the most representative non-music styles in the North is called Pingshu. Story-singing seems to have the largest audience. The most important form of joke-telling is crosstalk. Each style has a strong local
13、flavor in either its accent or music.3.年度热词年度热词 (annual hot word)是互联网时代产生的一种新的 文化景观 (cultural landscape)。自 2009年开始的每年年末，主流报纸、杂志、网络和广大网民共同评选出当年最火最热的十大流行词，成为当年的年度热词。这些精心挑选出的年度热词的来源五花八门，有的是网民根据社会现象发明创造出来的别具一格的新词，有的是轰动一时的社会事件的关键词。年度热词不仅同国际国内政治、经济、文化息息相关，更与人们的日常生活有紧密联系。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The annual ho
14、t word is a new cultural landscape emerging in the Internet era. Since 2009, the mainstream newspapers, magazines, webs and a number of netizens have been selecting the hottest ten popular words at the end of each year, which become the annual hot words. These carefully selected annual hot words hav
15、e various origins. Some are peculiar new words created by netizens according to some social phenomena. Some are key words of the social hits. They are closely related to not only the politics, economy and culture at home and abroad, but also people“s daily life.4.中国近代史概况19 世纪初，清王朝迅速衰败。英国在这一时期向中国输入大量
16、 鸦片 (opium)，清政府力图查禁鸦片。英国为保护鸦片贸易，于 1840 年对中国发动了侵略战争，清政府最后同英国政府签订了丧权辱国的 南京条约 ( Treaty of Nanking )。鸦片战争之后，英、美、法、俄、日等国家不断强迫清政府签订各种不平等条约，中国逐渐沦为半殖民地半封建社会。1911 年， 孙中山 (Dr. Sun Yat-sen)领导的辛亥革命推翻了清王朝的统治，同时也结束了 2000 多年的 封建君主制 (feudal monarchy)，建立了中华民国。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：During the early 19th century, the
17、Qing Dynasty declined rapidly. Britain smuggled large quantities of opium into China during that period and the Qing government imposed a ban on the drug. In an effort to protect its opium trade, Britain launched a war of aggression against China in 1840. The Qing government finally signed the Treat
18、y of Nanking with the British government, which was a national betrayal and humiliation. Many countries, including Britain, the United States, France, Russia and Japan, forced the Qing government to sign various unequal treaties after the Opium War. China was gradually relegated to a semi-colonial,
19、semi-feudal country. The Revolution of 1911 led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen overthrew the Qing Dynasty, ended over 2000 years of feudal monarchy and established the Republic of China.5.中华文明概述中国是世界四大文明古国之一，幅员辽阔，物产丰富，历史文化悠久。五千年的 人文创造 (humanistic creativity)和天开万物造就的自然景观为我们留下了数量繁多的名胜古迹，创造了辉煌的文化和艺术。中国位于亚洲东部、太平洋西岸
20、，面积 960 万平方公里。中国人口约 13 亿，共有 56 个民族，是世界上人口最多的国家。位于中国的 青藏高原 (The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau)是海拔最高的高原，喜马拉雅山系(Himalayas)是世界上最大的山系，其主峰珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：China is one of the world“s four countries of great ancient civilizations, which is magnificent and spectacular with vast territory, rich n
21、atural resources as well as long history and culture. Humanistic creativity of five thousand years and the natural landscape created by fantasy things have left us numerous scenic spots and historical sites, and created brilliant culture and arts. China is located in the eastern part of Asia, the we
22、st coast of the Pacific Ocean, with an area of 9.6 million square kilometers. China has a population of about 1.3 billion, with 56 nationalities and is the world“s most populous country. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, located in China, has the highest altitude among all the plateaus. The Himalayas is the world“s largest one, and its highest peak, Mount Everest, is the world“s highest mountain.
