1、大学英语六级-247 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.水车东汉时期，汉灵帝下令制造“翻车(running wheel)”。翻车包含轮轴(axle)、槽板(bucket-like devices)等基本装置，这些装置被视为水车(waterwheel)的基本组成部分。到了唐宋时代，轮轴的应用取得了很大的进步，造出了靠水力驱动取水的“筒车(bucket wagon)”。筒车不仅功效更大，同时节约了宝贵的人力。到了元明时代，轮轴的发展更进一步。一架水车不止有一组齿轮，有的多至三组。水车一物为中国农业的发展作出了很大贡
2、献，使丘陵地和山坡地(hilly and sloped areas)的开发成为可能。 （分数：20.00）_2.印玺印玺(seal)在我国是一个相对独立的传统艺术形式。它的诞生源于多种艺术的结合，包括绘画技巧、书法(calligraphy)、雕刻以及在有限的空间进行排列的艺术。印玺艺术可以追溯到大约 3700年前的商朝。起初的时候，印章被用来在送给他人的信件或是大件物品上创建防护标志。所以，它是一个人身份和地位的象征。大概自宋朝和元朝起，艺术家们开始在他们的作品上盖上自己的章。现在，印章仍然被广泛使用，但手工雕刻的印章已经越来越少见了。 （分数：20.00）_3.中国茶文化中国人喝茶的历史据说
3、已经超过了四千年。茶叶是由中国的传统方法加工而成的。很多中国人一天里，甚至吃饭的时候，都喝茶来替代白水。依据一个流行的传说，茶是由中国的神农皇帝发现的，当时一片灌木丛的叶子掉到了神农皇帝正在烧的水里，他发现叶子在水里散发(emanate)出一种香气，于是便品尝了一下。就这样，一种饮品(beverage)便诞生了。茶深深地交织于中国的历史和文化中。它被认为和柴、米、油、盐、酱油(soy sauce)、醋一样，是中国人生活中的七种必需品之一。 （分数：20.00）_4.苏州园林苏州园林是中国古典园林的最杰出的代表。苏州园林一直被认为是中国园艺(horticulture)的精髓(quintessen
4、ce)。与皇家园林相比，苏州园林表现出了纯正、高尚、淡雅，而且不受拘束(free from conventions)。苏州以园林见长，目前拥有 100多座园林，其中有四处极为重要的私家园林(private gardens)：拙政园、留园、沧浪亭和狮子林。拙政园是苏州园林中最大、最著名的一座。留园以奇石而出名。沧浪亭在苏州现存诸多园林中历史最为悠久。狮子林为元代园林的代表。 （分数：20.00）_5.网络犯罪网络犯罪(cybercrime)指的是任何利用电脑或互联网进行的犯罪活动。不断增长的网络犯罪类型包括各种因使用电脑而得以实现的犯罪活动，比如网络入侵、电脑病毒传播和诸如身份盗用、恃强凌弱(b
5、ullying)、恐怖主义之类既有犯罪行为的网络变体形式。围绕网络犯罪有许多争议性问题。比如，对于一些广泛传播的活动是否应该归为犯罪行为，人们观点并不统一。数字监控(digital surveillance)问题及其对公民权利的影响也存在争议。为了确保网络的发展不以牺牲个人权利为代价，必须对其进行监管。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语六级-247 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.水车东汉时期，汉灵帝下令制造“翻车(running wheel)”。翻车包含轮轴(axle)、槽板(bucket-like devic
6、es)等基本装置，这些装置被视为水车(waterwheel)的基本组成部分。到了唐宋时代，轮轴的应用取得了很大的进步，造出了靠水力驱动取水的“筒车(bucket wagon)”。筒车不仅功效更大，同时节约了宝贵的人力。到了元明时代，轮轴的发展更进一步。一架水车不止有一组齿轮，有的多至三组。水车一物为中国农业的发展作出了很大贡献，使丘陵地和山坡地(hilly and sloped areas)的开发成为可能。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：WaterwheelDuring the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Emperor Ling of Han ordered
7、 the building of a “running wheel“, which boasted the basic parts of a waterwheel, such as an axle and bucket-like devices. To the Tang and Song Dynasties, great achievements were made in using the axle. There were “bucket wagons“ that used the waterpower itself to lift water. The device not only si
8、gnificantly improved efficiency, but also saved valuable manpower. By the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the axle experienced further improvement. The waterwheel usually had a set of gears, with some even having three sets. The waterwheel had made significant contributions to the development of Chinese ag
9、riculture, enabling the exploitation of hilly and sloped areas.2.印玺印玺(seal)在我国是一个相对独立的传统艺术形式。它的诞生源于多种艺术的结合，包括绘画技巧、书法(calligraphy)、雕刻以及在有限的空间进行排列的艺术。印玺艺术可以追溯到大约 3700年前的商朝。起初的时候，印章被用来在送给他人的信件或是大件物品上创建防护标志。所以，它是一个人身份和地位的象征。大概自宋朝和元朝起，艺术家们开始在他们的作品上盖上自己的章。现在，印章仍然被广泛使用，但手工雕刻的印章已经越来越少见了。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解
10、析：SealSeal is a relatively independent traditional art form in our country. Its inception originated from the combination of different arts, including painting techniques, calligraphy, carving and the art of arrangement in a limited space. The art of seal engraving dates back to the Shang Dynasty ab
11、out 3,700 years ago. In the beginning, seals were used to create protective marks on mails or large items to be delivered to others. Therefore, it was a symbol of a person“s identity and status. Probably since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, artists began to stamp their seals on their works. Nowadays,
12、seals are still widely used, but hand-carved seals have become increasingly rare.3.中国茶文化中国人喝茶的历史据说已经超过了四千年。茶叶是由中国的传统方法加工而成的。很多中国人一天里，甚至吃饭的时候，都喝茶来替代白水。依据一个流行的传说，茶是由中国的神农皇帝发现的，当时一片灌木丛的叶子掉到了神农皇帝正在烧的水里，他发现叶子在水里散发(emanate)出一种香气，于是便品尝了一下。就这样，一种饮品(beverage)便诞生了。茶深深地交织于中国的历史和文化中。它被认为和柴、米、油、盐、酱油(soy sauce)、醋
13、一样，是中国人生活中的七种必需品之一。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Chinese Tea CultureChinese people are generally believed to have enjoyed tea drinking for more than 4,000 years. Tea-leaves are processed using traditional Chinese methods. Lots of Chinese people drink tea throughout the day, even during meals, as a substitut
14、e for water. According to a popular legend, tea was discovered by Chinese Emperor Shennong when a leaf from a nearby bush fell into the water the emperor was boiling. He noticed that the leaf in the water emanated a pleasant smell. So he tasted it. In this way, a new kind of beverage came into being
15、. Tea is deeply woven into the history and culture of China. It is considered one of the seven necessities of Chinese people“s life, along with firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce and vinegar.4.苏州园林苏州园林是中国古典园林的最杰出的代表。苏州园林一直被认为是中国园艺(horticulture)的精髓(quintessence)。与皇家园林相比，苏州园林表现出了纯正、高尚、淡雅，而且不受拘束(free
16、 from conventions)。苏州以园林见长，目前拥有 100多座园林，其中有四处极为重要的私家园林(private gardens)：拙政园、留园、沧浪亭和狮子林。拙政园是苏州园林中最大、最著名的一座。留园以奇石而出名。沧浪亭在苏州现存诸多园林中历史最为悠久。狮子林为元代园林的代表。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Suzhou GardensAs the most outstanding representatives of Chinese classical gardens, Suzhou gardens have long been considered the qu
17、intessence of Chinese horticulture. Compared with royal gardens, they are pure, lofty, elegant and free from conventions. Suzhou is a place of gardens and up to now has a collection of more than 100 gardens, among which the following four are private gardens of great significance: Zhuozheng Garden (
18、the Humble Administrator“s Garden), Liu Garden (the Lingering Garden), Canglang Pavilion (the Surging Waves Pavilion) and ShiziLin (the Lion Forest Garden). The Humble Administrator“s Garden is the largest and most famous one of gardens in Suzhou. The Lingering Garden has a reputation for rare stone
19、s. The Surging Waves Pavilion is the oldest garden among the existing classical gardens of Suzhou. The Lion Forest Garden is the representative of gardens of the Yuan Dynasty.5.网络犯罪网络犯罪(cybercrime)指的是任何利用电脑或互联网进行的犯罪活动。不断增长的网络犯罪类型包括各种因使用电脑而得以实现的犯罪活动，比如网络入侵、电脑病毒传播和诸如身份盗用、恃强凌弱(bullying)、恐怖主义之类既有犯罪行为的网络
20、变体形式。围绕网络犯罪有许多争议性问题。比如，对于一些广泛传播的活动是否应该归为犯罪行为，人们观点并不统一。数字监控(digital surveillance)问题及其对公民权利的影响也存在争议。为了确保网络的发展不以牺牲个人权利为代价，必须对其进行监管。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：CybercrimeCybercrime refers to any criminal activity that involves the use of computers or the Internet. The growing list of cybercrimes includes crim
21、es that have been made possible by computers, such as network intrusions, the spread of computer viruses, as well as computer-based variations of existing crimes, such as identity theft, bullying and terrorism. There are a number of controversial issues about cybercrime. Opinions differ, for example, as to whether some widespread activities should be classified as criminal acts. There are also disputes over digital surveillance and its impact on civil liberties. It must be properly overseen to ensure that the development of network is not at the cost of loosing individual rights.
