1、大学四级模拟 1095 及答案解析(总分：709.99，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of personal information security and then explain who should be responsibl
2、e for illegal use of personal information. You should write at least 120 words and no more than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：3，分数：48.50)Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. （分数：14.00）A.There has been no rain falls for many y
3、ears in the Kenya.B.Herders“ animals have suffered from death for the lack of grasses and other foods.C.Herders offer to work on farming instead of herding due to droughts.D.Abdi“s wife was depressed just in that she made less money from farming.A.They can win respect from others as herders.B.They c
4、an earn more money from raising animals than farming.C.They have a deep affection for their animals.D.They prefer to move with their animals from place to place.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. （分数：14.00）A.The need to protect the environment.B.The damaged environme
5、nt.C.The loss of vertebrate species.D.The decrease of wildlife population.A.Vertebrate species.B.Freshwater species.C.Land species.D.Ocean species.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. （分数：20.49）A.Poverty.B.The widening gap in wealth.C.The richest“s shay increase of weal
6、th.D.The increasing social wealth.A.21 percent.B.1 percent.C.45 percent.D.18 percent.A.The country has record levels of employment.B.Invest large funds in social welfare programs.C.Britain“s economic growth is the fastest among developed countries.D.The living standards are improving all over the co
7、untry.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：60.00)Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：30.00）A.The man likes all kinds of music.B.Johnny Cash is the man“s good friend.C.The newer country music is very good.D.The man likes alternative music very much.A.Piano.B.Guitar.C.Flute.D.None
8、 of the above.A.The man likes to go to small concerts.B.The man likes to go to the concerts held in the big stadium.C.The man likes to go to big concerts where he can use binoculars.D.The man likes to go to the concerts where are many spectators.A.He thinks that music is very mysterious.B.He thinks
9、that music is a part of people“s daily life.C.He thinks that music can make people relax and happy.D.He thinks that music can teach people how to enjoy life.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：30.00）A.He started in Russia and ended in China.B.He started in Europ
10、e an ended up in Asia.C.He started in Mongolia and ended up in China.D.He started in Moscow and ended up in Shanghai.A.He travelled with his parents.B.He travelled with his best friends.C.He travelled with his American friends.D.He travelled with a friend and one American and some people from Switze
11、rland.A.He saw many lakes.B.He saw many mountains.C.He saw different kinds of plants.D.He saw the fiat land and even nothing for miles.A.Dried fish.B.A lot of noodles.C.Delicious snacks.D.Russian delicacies.五、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：42.00)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the pa
12、ssage you have just heard. （分数：42.00）A.Women live longer than men.B.The population of woman is smaller than man“s.C.The research and medical practice often ignore sex.D.The disease Parkinson“s is more likely to strike women.A.There is no need to include sex in medical research.B.Sex should be taken
13、into account in medical research.C.Sex will sometimes affect the medical research results.D.Different sexes do not influence the medical research results.A.Women should be the subject of medical research as men.B.Medical research has always considered sex as one element.C.Women and men are the same
14、in the likelihood of getting sick.D.Doctors can use the same medical treatments to both women and men.七、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：42.00)Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：42.00）A.It is good to keep onions with potatoes.B.Fruits can be made worse by refrigeration.C.The on
15、ions should not be put in the refrigerator.D.All kinds of food can be put in refrigerator to keep fresh.A.Eggs.B.Garlic.C.Honey.D.Stone fruits, such as peaches and plums.A.The passage is about how to cook.B.The passage is about how to live healthily.C.The passage is about how to keep food fresh.D.Th
16、e passage is about some food which should not be put in refrigerators.八、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：56.00)Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：56.00）A.From local Starbucks.B.From coffee company.C.From coffee plantation.D.From one social organization.A.One scientist.B.One c
17、offee farmer.C.One former Starbucks employee.D.One worker in the coffee company.A.It contains three times the protein of kale.B.It contains three times the iron of spinach.C.It contains three times the carbohydrate of bread.D.It has five times more fiber than whole grain wheat flour.A.It would make
18、the food price increase a lot.B.It would provide growers with a secondary income stream.C.It would reduce the negative environmental effects of coffee growing.D.It has the potential to create new, sustainable jobs for those who need them most.九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：3
19、5.50)The poll of 2,000 adults in England was 1 out as part of the government“s drive to curb people“s drinking habits. The campaign also stresses that a heavy drinking session is often 2 by an unhealthy breakfast, which again helps to pile on the pounds. The Know Your Limits campaign has in the past
20、 focused on other 3 of drinking, such as disease risk. But to 4 with the focus on weight, the Department of Health carried out research showing a regular beer drinker, who downed (喝) five pints a week or 250 over the 5 of a year, packed away the same number of calories as someone eating 221 doughnut
21、s over the space of 12 months. It also revealed the average wine drinker consumed 2,000 calories each month. Over the course of a year, that is the 6 of eating an extra 38 roast beef dinners. Health minister Phil Hope said, “Regularly drinking more than our 7 daily limits can have a knock-on effect
22、on our health, including an expanding waistline. “It“s not only the calories in the drinks themselves that can help to pile on the pounds, we“re also more 8 to eat fatty foods when we“ve had one too many.“ Heather Caswell, of the British Nutrition Foundation, added, “Most people would baulk (犹豫) at
23、consuming a full glass of single cream, but wouldn“t think 9 about a couple of pints.“ “But the calorie content is similar and, over time, excess alcohol intake is likely to lead to weight gain.“ And a spokesman for the Drinkaware Trust added: “It“s 10 we are in the know when it comes to what we are
24、 drinking.“ A. consequences B. carried C. communicate D. followed E. equivalent F. held G. twice H. likely I. coincide J. necessity K. course L. related M. imperative N. over O. recommended（分数：35.50）十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)World Must Adapt to Unknown Climate FutureA. There is still great uncerta
25、inty about the impacts of climate change, according to the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, released today. So if we are to survive and prosper, rather than trying to fend off specific threats like cyclones, we must build flexible and resilient (有弹性的) societies. B. T
26、oday“s report is the second of three instalments (分期连载) of the IPCC“s fifth assessment of climate change. The first instalment, released last year, covered the physical science of climate change. It stated with increased certainty that climate change is happening, and that it is the result of humani
27、ty“s greenhouse gas emissions. The new report focuses on the impacts of climate change and how to adapt to them. The third instalment, on how to cut greenhouse gas emissions, comes out in April. C. The latest report backs off from some of the predictions made in the previous IPCC report, in 2007. Du
28、ring the final editing process, the authors also retreated from many of the more confident projections from the final draft, leaked last year. The IPCC now says it often cannot predict which specific impacts of climate change-such as droughts, storms or floodswill hit particular places. D. Instead,
29、the IPCC focuses on how people can adapt in the face of uncertainty, arguing that we must become resilient against diverse changes in the climate. “The natural human tendency is to want things to be clear and simple,“ says the report“s co-chair Chris Field of the Carnegie Institution for Science in
30、Stanford, California. “And one of the messages that doesn“t just come from the IPCC, it comes from history, is that the future doesn“t ever turn out the way you think it will be.“ That means, Field adds, that “being prepared for a wide range of possible futures is just always smart“. E. Here New Sci
31、entist breaks down what is new in the report, and what it means for humanity“s efforts to cope with a changing climate. A companion article, “How climate change will affect where you live“, highlights some of the key impacts that different regions are facing. What has changed in the new IPCC report?
32、 F. In essence, the predictions are intentionally vaguer. Much of the firmer language from the 2007 report about exactly what kind of weather to expect, and how changes will affect people, has been replaced with more cautious statements. The scale and timing of many regional impacts, and even the fo
33、rm of some, now appear uncertain. G. For example, the 2007 report predicted that the intensity of cyclones over Asia would increase by 10 to 20 per cent. The new report makes no such claim. Similarly, the last report estimated that climate change would force up to a quarter of a billion Africans int
34、o water shortage by the end of this decade. The new report avoids using such firm numbers. H. The report has even watered down many of the more confident predictions that appeared in the leaked drafts. References to “hundreds of millions“ of people being affected by rising sea levels have been remov
35、ed from the summary, as have statements about the impact of warmer temperatures on crops. “I think it“s gone back a bit,“ says Jean Palutikof of Griffith University in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, who worked on the 2007 report. “That may be a good thing. In the fourth climate assessment we tried
36、 to do things that weren“t really possible and the fifth has sort of rebalanced the whole thing.“ So do we know less than we did before? I. Not really, says Andy Pitman of the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia. It is just more rigorous language. “Pointing to the sign of the change,
37、rather than the precise magnitude of the change, is scientifically more defensible,“ he says. J. We also know more about what we don“t know, says David Karoly at the University of Melbourne. “There is now a better understanding of uncertainties in regional climate projections at decadal timescales (
38、时标).“ Are we less confident about all the impacts of climate change? K. Not quite. There are still plenty of confident predictions of impacts in the reportat least in the draft chapters that were leaked last year, and which are expected to be roughly the same when they are released later this week.
39、These include more rain in parts of Africa, more heatwaves in southern Europe, and more frequent droughts in Australia (see “How climate change will affect where you live“). It also remains clear that the seas are rising. How do we prepare in cases in which there is low confidence about the effects
40、of climate change? L. That“s exactly what this report deals with. In many cases, the uncertainty is a matter of magnitude, so the choices are not hard. “It doesn“t really matter if the car hits the wall at 70 or 80 kilometres an hour,“ says Karoly. “You should still wear your seat belt.“ So when it
41、comes to sea-level rise or heatwaves, the uncertainty does not change what we need to do: build sea walls, use efficient cooling and so forth. M. But in some casessuch as African rainfall, which could go up or downthe models are not giving us great advice, so all we know is that things will change.
42、“We are not certain about the precise nature of regional change, but we are absolutely certain there are going to be profound changes in many regions,“ says Pitman. Even then, there are things we can do that will always help. A big one is getting people out of poverty. The report says poverty makes
43、other impacts worse and many suggested adaptations are about alleviating it. The IPCC suggests“ giving disadvantaged groups more of a voice, helping them move when they need to and strengthening social safety nets. N. What“s more, all countries should diversify their economies, rather than relying o
44、n a few main sources of income that could flood or blow over. Countries should also find ways to become less vulnerable to the current climate variability. That means improving the way they govern resources like water, the report says. O. In short, we must become more resilient. That would be wise e
45、ven if the climate was stable. Our current infrastructure often cannot deal with the current climate, says Karoly, pointing to events like the recent UK floods. “We don“t have a resilient system now, even in extremely well developed countries.“（分数：71.00）(1).Focusing on the clue of climate change ins
46、tead of the severity of climate effects is scientifically more reasonable.（分数：7.10）(2).IPCC“s new report has removed some of the predictions that appeared in the former one released in 2007.（分数：7.10）(3).One of the lessons both IPCC and history has taught us is that future never appears as you expect
47、 it to be.（分数：7.10）(4).The IPCC“s latest report has weakened many firmer projections written in the leaked drafts.（分数：7.10）(5).The first of IPCC“s three instalments has focused on the current climate conditions and the main reason for those conditions.（分数：7.10）(6).The most important thing for us to
48、do is to get people rich.（分数：7.10）(7).Sometimes the uncertainty is just about the extent of climate effects, thus the choices of what we should do is quite easy.（分数：7.10）(8).Countries must make their economies varied and improve the way of controlling the recourses in order to better deal with clima
49、te change.（分数：7.10）(9).The new IPCC report has replaced some more confident statements from the 2007 report with more careful expressions.（分数：7.10）(10).There are still many of firm statements about the climate effects in the new report, which are generally the same as they were in the draft chapters.（分数：7.10）十二、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)When it comes to noise cancelling headphones, sometimes the best offense is a good defense. While there are plenty of active noise c
