1、大学四级模拟 1093 及答案解析(总分：709.99，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the meaning of “opportunity“ and then explain who should be the real cr
2、eator of the opportunities in a person“s life. You should write at least 120 words and no more than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：3，分数：48.50)Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. （分数：14.00）A.The oil companies have to explore a
3、nd drill new oil fields.B.Thousands of workers have lost their jobs.C.Small service companies and stores will not do business with oil companies.D.All the new oil drilling and exploration projects have to be suspended.A.When the oil price is about $14 a barrel.B.When the oil price is about $40 a bar
4、rel.C.When the oil price is above $14 a barrel.D.When the oil price is above $40 a barrel.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. （分数：14.00）A.More than 40% of its population is over 65 years old.B.More than 20% of its population is at least 65 years old.C.More than 40% of
5、 its population is at least 60 years old.D.More than 20% of its population is over 60 years old.A.34.B.6.C.9.D.3.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. （分数：20.49）A.About 1 billion.B.About 925 million.C.About 75 million.D.About 500 million.A.The United Nations aims to redu
6、ce the hunger rate by a half between 1990 and 2015.B.The number of hungry people has increased 25% since 1990.C.The hunger rate has met United Nations“ goals.D.The number of hungry people increased in the late 1990s.A.Financial crisis.B.High food prices.C.Low oil prices.D.Climate change.四、Section B(
7、总题数：2，分数：60.00)Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：30.00）A.To watch TV in TV room.B.To do some cooking.C.To help the man in the kitchen.D.To take a vacation.A.He hates watching TV.B.He loves cooking very much.C.He wants to be together with his wife.D.He thinks he
8、 can relax himself through cooking.A.20.B.200C.180.D.380.A.Because the vacuum cleaner is broken.B.Because she wants the man to leave the kitchen.C.Because she wants the man to do the cleaning.D.Because she does not need the man“s help then.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have ju
9、st heard. （分数：30.00）A.To make a dress.B.To make a skirt.C.To make a cloth.D.To make a suit.A.Because it is always fashionable.B.Because it can be worn for funeral.C.Because it can be worn for wedding.D.All of the above.A.Because the left one is more expensive.B.Because the left one is not very fashi
10、onable.C.Because the woman doesn“t like the pattern of it.D.Because the man suggests the woman not to choose the left one.A.They will go to another shop to buy something else.B.They will go the upper floor to find someone else.C.They will go to find the tailor and let the fabric made.D.They will go
11、to the tailor“s home and have a talk with him.五、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：42.00)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：42.00）A.Children read less and less when they get older.B.The older children read more than the little children.C.Nowadays, childr
12、en read more compared with the past.D.Nowadays, parents read more to their children than the past.A.19 minutes.B.30 minutes.C.45 minutes.D.53 minutes.A.The children have more homework to do.B.The education policy affects the reading time.C.The parents read less to the children than the past.D.The pr
13、evalence of technology provides the children e-reading.七、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：42.00)Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：42.00）A.The good colleagues we meet.B.The location of the company we work in.C.The amount of the salary we get.D.The good repute of the company we
14、work in.A.Make your case with data.B.Speak confidently and professionally.C.Figure out if you actually deserve one.D.Use the phases such as “I think“ and “If you want“.A.You should leave if you aren“t given a rise.B.You should ask your colleagues to help you ask for a rise.C.You should ask for a ris
15、e based on the objective information.D.You should ask for a rise by calling to your leader but not face to face.八、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：56.00)Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：56.00）A.The coast is the land along a beach.B.The coast is a dangerous place to stay.C.T
16、he coast is dynamic, or constantly changing.D.The boundary of the coast is called the coastline.A.Oil.B.Plants.C.Animals.D.Insects.A.The polluted coast is not as beautiful as before.B.The polluted coast becomes smaller than the past.C.The polluted coast is not a good place for the marine life to liv
17、e.D.The polluted coast cannot provide safe marine plants for people.A.People can enjoy the delicious seafood there.B.People can do some exciting sports such as diving.C.People can see the beautiful scenery and relax themselves.D.People can participate in activities like fishing, boating and swimming
18、.九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Climate change has claimed its latest victim: Limacina helicina, a planktonic, predatory (捕食的) sea snail that“s a member of the taxonomic group more 1 known as sea butterflies. (The name is 2 from the wing-like lobes (叶瓣) the tiny creatu
19、res use to get around.) In a study 3 published in journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B, a group of scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Oregon State University have found that the Pacific Ocean“s decreasing pHits acidifying (酸化), in other wordsis disso
20、lving L. helicina“s thin shells. The researchers collected sea butterfly 4 from 13 sites along the Pacific coast (between Washington and southern California), going over each with a scanning electron microscope. More than half of the shells (53%) from onshore individuals 5 signs of “severe dissoluti
21、on damage,“ while 24% of 6 individuals suffered dissolution damage. The study“s 7 investigator, Dr. Nina Bednarek of NOAA, described the affected L. helicina shells as having a texture not unlike “cauliflower“ or “sandpaper.“ According to the paper, there was a “strong positive 8 “ between the propo
22、rtion of sea butterflies with severe shell dissolution damage and “the percentage of undersaturated (未达到饱和的) water“ near the ocean“s surface. The researchers conclude “shell dissolution owing to (human-caused ocean 9 ) has doubled in near shore habitats since pre-industrial conditions across this re
23、gion and is on track to triple by 2050,“ a truly 10 prediction. Moreover, the broader implications for ecosystem are unclear, as damaged shells make it harder for L. helicina to fight infections, stay buoyant, and protect themselves from predators. A. showed B. recently C. protected D. commonly E. d
24、erived F. samples G. offshore H. principal I. noticed J. correlation K. encouraging L. seaward M. acidification N. grim O. pollution（分数：35.50）十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Into an Unknown WorldA. Brain chips mean we are struggling to distinguish our own thoughts from ideas implanted by advertisers. Se
25、lf-driving cars restrict old-school human drivers to special recreation parks. And the optimal (最佳的) number of fingers is 12.5. B. Confused? It“s a vision of the world in 25 years, as dreamed up by today“s researchers in computer-human interaction (CHI). C. CHI normally means investigating better wa
26、ys for people to interact with devices we have now, but last week attendees at the annual conference in Toronto, Canada, got ahead of themselves. They created an imaginary conference agenda for 2039 that predicts the kinds of challenges we will face with future computersmany of which will be implant
27、ed. D. “It“s meant to be sort of the fringes (边缘) of humancomputer interaction research, what“s really edgy or provocative,“ says Eric Baumer of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, who dreamed up the idea of the conference. “There“s a lot of retrospective thinking about the past, but there“s not
28、 as much thinking about what are the futures toward which we think we“re working.“ E. We used the abstracts to create a list of the questions weor more accurately, our cyborg descendantsmight have about computers in 2039. Is it weird when my organs talk to each other? F. In an abstract entitled “My
29、liver and my kidney compared notes“, IBM researcher Michael Muller, based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, looks at what happens when the implanted monitors on people“s internal organsa network he calls Arterionetare able to share data and pool knowledge to offer enhanced health tips. G. His conclusion:
30、 “While most users were skeptical, many users proposed additional features that could lead to greater acceptance and compliance with such recommendations.“ H. It“s worth thinking about how people might deal with health tips from organ monitors. Wearable technology that tracks your activity or your h
31、ealth status is slowly gaining popularity while researchers earlier this year implanted power-generating silicone strips on the hearts, lungs and diaphragms (横膈膜) of live cows, pigs and sheep. Muller says the biggest challenge to creating Arterionet will be figuring out how to fit the artificial int
32、elligence in a sufficiently small and safe package. Why do plants need their own Facebook, again? I. To understand this question, you need to know about Plantastic, the brainchild of Bill Tomlinson and his colleagues at the University of California at Irvine. J. In their abstract, they reason that t
33、o make our food supply more sustainable, it may make sense to grow more fruits and vegetables close to home. But certain crops thrive when they“re grown in large quantities or alongside certain other plantstoo tall an order for the average farmer. K. Enter Plantastic, which would advise what plants
34、would work best for your area and tell you what people in the neighbourhood are growing. Nanochips on plants would feed data back to the site. That information in turn could be used to learn more about what grows best in which environment. L. Assuming people will want to know whether this adds anyth
35、ing, Tomlinson“s team created a fictional (虚构的) study that looks at 10 backyard gardens over two growing seasons. It suggests that using Plantastic will increase yields by 4 to 12 percent. M. Tomlinson“s graduate student Juliet Norton is working on an early version of what the online system might lo
36、ok like. Autonomous cars have made driving so boringwhat shall I do instead? N. Andreas Riener at the Institute for Pervasive Computing in Linz, Austria, has written an abstract that starts with a bold view of the future: “The first self-driving car cruised on our roads in 2019. Now, 20 years after,
37、 it is time to review how this innovation has changed our mobility behaviour.“ O. This vision is rooted in a real trend. Self-driving cars have been making headlines for several years now. They are legal to drive in the state of Nevada, and Google“s driverless car has already racked up hundreds of t
38、housands of practice miles. P. Reiner“s contribution is to explore how this will change us. He predicts that once the robots take the wheel everywhere, many of us will lose interest in driving altogether. Fewer of us will own our own cars. Those who do won“t waste as much time pimping them out or dr
39、iving around just for fun. People who still love cars might have to seek their thrills in special “recreation parks“, where they can drive manually in an artificial environment. “If the vehicles of the future are only a means to get from A to B, this car culture would get lost,“ he says. Did I just
40、think up that idea or did an advertiser implant it? Q. Multiple contributors to CHI 2039 ponder the future of brain implants. Whether it involves capturing input from each of our senses or recording neurons (神经元) directly in the brain, they assume that this one is a question not of if but when. And
41、that could bring opportunitiesand challenges. R. Shachar Maidenbaum of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, envisions devices that could record our day-to-day experiences and then allow us to share our memories with one another, revolutionising courts, classrooms, and our social interactions.
42、 S. Daniel Gruen of IBM Research, meanwhile, envisions devices that could prompt your memory when you forget somethingwith some darker consequences. “Imagine in the future that you have systems that help you with memory,“ he says. “At what point do you start wondering, “Wait, I“ve had an idea. Is th
43、at really mine or is that idea coming from somewhere else?“ So, what is the ideal number of fingers? T. Ever strain yourself swiping across your iPhone screen? That problem would go away if you could have an extra thumb surgically (手术地) attached to your hand. U. That“s the starting point for a ficti
44、tious study of 124 people who have chosen to augment their hands with bionic (仿生的) fingerson average they have 13.4 digits. Johannes , a computer scientist at Hasselt University in Belgium, even comes to an intriguing conclusion: “The optimal finger count is 12.5, with six normal-sized fingers on ea
45、ch hand and the dominant hand having an extra half-sized finger that can be moved with 6 degrees of freedom.“ V. It“s entertaining stuff but even （分数：71.00）(1).In his article, Michael Muller investigates the consequences of Arterionet“s being capable of sharing information to supply extra strong hea
46、lth advices.（分数：7.10）(2).CHI refers to the exploration of better means for people to interact with today“s equipments, but during last week“s yearly meeting, participants proposed a future vision of CHI.（分数：7.10）(3).To prove if Plantastic is really helpful, Tomlinson and his colleagues conducted an
47、imaginary research which investigates 10 family gardens over 2 planting seasons.（分数：7.10）(4).Autonomous cars have become a hot topic since many years ago.（分数：7.10）(5).It deserves to be taken into account that what people will do to treat the health secrets offered by organ monitoring units.（分数：7.10）
48、(6).In the paper, Tomlinson and his partners infer that to increase the endurability of our food supply, it is necessary to plant more fruits and vegetable near our houses.（分数：7.10）(7).Bionic finger is an interesting stuff but even （分数：7.10）(8).At the same time, IBM research Daniel Gruen imagines so
49、me kind of equipments that can remind you of things you forget, which leads to bad results.（分数：7.10）(9).We always think a lot about the past, but we seldom consider the future life we“re trying to create.（分数：7.10）(10).In 2019, our roads saw in the first autonomous car. And the year 2039 is the time for us to consider to what extent this creation has transformed our moving styles.（分数：7.10）十二、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)With so many of the deaths each year from
