1、大学四级-1931 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.Introduction: Basically there are two teaching methods.1. Lecture method:A. Advantages:Best at passing on content to students .Cultivating discipline and self-controlB. Disadvantage:Making students totally passive2. Group learning
2、 method:A. Advantages:Encouraging students to be active participantsMaking students more creativeB. Disadvantage:Neglecting basic skills and background knowledge3. Your own view(s)A “hybrid“ (综合的) methodA Random Remark on Teaching Methods_ （分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)For question
3、s 1-6, make the best choice for each of them, and for questions 7-10, fill in each blank with information given in the passage.Forget-Me-Notby Art DworkenIt happens all the time: You study for a test. Then while youre taking the test, you cant remember something you know you studied. You panic, and
4、spend time trying to remember the answer - but by then your time is up.“I really studied this,“ you fret. As you hand in your paper and leave class, you remember: “ Thats it ! I knew that ! “When something like this happens, it is called a tip-of-the-tongue memory lapse. Everyone experiences them. W
5、hen such a lapse occurs, you strain to remember something with no success at all. Then, later, when you arent thinking about the problem, the material just pops back into your mind.The stress of trying to remember something important - perhaps during a test or when speaking or performing in front of
6、 a group of people - actually can trigger such a momentary mental block. This can happen even when you are certain you know that “ something. “ How can one relieve these momentary mental log-jams? Just leaving the forgotten subject alone for even a few seconds will sometimes free up your reluctant m
7、emory.There are many theories to explain how memory is stored in the brain. One thing memory experts generally agree on, however, is that ones memory begins to work almost at birth.Experiments have been done on newborn infants to determine how early in life memory begins. The infants are presented w
8、ith a stimulus such as a bell. The first time the bell is rung the infants produce a “ startle reaction. “ The next time the bell is rung, the infants do not react as strongly.The only explanation for this diminished response is that the infants recognize the bell as something they have experienced
9、before. The stimulus, therefore, has become familiar. In this sense, memory is already present.By one or two months of age, even more powerful memory occurs. Babies then can remember and recognize their mothers faces peering over the sides of their cribs.Oddly enough, there wasnt such scientific int
10、erest in memory until fairly recently. Now, however, research on ways to enhance both memory and learning is taking place at a number of institutions.At Iowa State University, for instance, Dr. Donald Schuster, a professor of psychology, has demonstrated something interesting in controlled laborator
11、y studies. He found that a quiet, peaceful atmosphere accompanied by baroque or other classical background music can facilitate memory and learning. Listening to baroque music may have a direct physiological effect and when people are calm and relaxed, they learn and remember more.Researchers say th
12、at memory difficulties arise because of two factors. First, a person must store information correctly in memory. Next, the person must be able to get this information out of memory and use it when it is needed. If information is not stored correctly, it is plain that it cant be called forth accurate
13、ly. So, storing information correctly is the first and most important step.Sometimes the memory process can be made easier by conscious use of strategies. Some strategies are useful during the memorization process, others later for recalling what was learned.The strategy of association is helpful in
14、 storing information. Many people have trouble remembering names. This is probably because they failed to get a name right in the first place. Very often, people simply do not pay attention when others are introduced.If you have trouble remembering names, try a strategy of association. For example,
15、say you were introduced to a plain young woman named Joyce Miller? Well, if she were a happy young woman, you could associate her first name with the word joy. Or you could think of her as living or working in a mill. Then you could think of “happy mill“ whenever you saw her - Joyce Miller !Another
16、way to aid your memory is to use mnemonics or memory aids. You probably use mnemonics to remember the number of days in the months: “ Thirty days hath September, April, June, and November “ Another way to use mnemonics is to use cues. The old idea of tying a string around your finger to remind you o
17、f something is using a cue.Acronyms are another useful aid. For example, people often use the letters H O M E S to help them remember the names of the five Great Lakes: Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, and Superior.Besides these strategies to aid memorization, there are other common-sense ways to imp
18、rove memory. And ones memory can be improved. All it takes is a little effort.For example, when trying to remember information for a test, there are certain things to keep in mind. If you write down the information you want to learn, it will be easier to remember. Because you have written it, you ma
19、y be able to picture the information in your mind and recall it during the test. In addition to writing it down, if you also say it out loud, it will even be easier to remember.When you are taking a test and suddenly forget what you have studied - dont panic. Relax and go on to the next question. Yo
20、u may find that relaxing helps you remember. Or, you may read something in another part of the test that reminds you of what you forgot.If you think your memory is really poor, carry around a notebook specifically to keep notes in. Dont trust yourself to remember what your homework assignment is or
21、what your next test covers - write it down ! And check your notebook before you leave school at the end of the day s0 you can be sure to bring home the books you need.Another way to keep your memory sharp is to be physically and mentally active. If you spend hours in front of the television set or s
22、pend most of your spare time eating and sleeping, your memory will be sluggish. Exercise and fresh air will keep you alert both physically and mentally.And, of course, its always easier to remember something if you are interested in it. You must be motivated to remember something you have to care ab
23、out. Therefore, try to become interested in what you have to learn. It wont be easy at first, but with practice it will be less and less difficult.The human memory has amazing potential. For instance, if people stored ten bits of information every second of their lives, by their l00th birthdays they
24、 would have used up far less than half the storage capacity of their brains.The ability to recall information from memory does not seem to decline greatly with advancing years. And the older person may recall facts even better than the young. Those of us who are prone to bouts of forgetfulness can t
25、ake heart in the knowledge that perhaps the greatest mind of the twentieth century occasionally fell prey to memory lapses.Albert Einstein, “the father of the atomic age,“ once went to New York City to make a speech and got lost after forgetting the name of his hotel. Maybe theres hope after all for
26、 the rest of us !（分数：70.00）(1).This article is mainly intended _.A. to explain to us what a “tip-of-the-tongue“ memory lapse isB. to describe in detail the nature of memoryC. to tell us some new developments of scientific research on memory and learningD. to discuss some ways of improving both our m
27、emory and learning（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to researchers, from what age do humans begin to use memory?A. Younger than 1 -2 months. B. The moment they are born.C. In early childhood. D. Even before they are born.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).All the following can help memory and recall EXCEPT_.A. the s
28、trategy of associationB. the practice of “squeeze and relax“C. modern educational aidsD. acronyms - words composed of the initial letters of a group of names（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common-sense way to improve memory?A. Writing down important facts. B. Conjur
29、ing up images in your mind.C. Saying important ideas loud. D. Carrying a notebook to keep notes in.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the text, all the following statements are correct EXCEPT that_.A. eating and sleeping most of your spare time wont keep your memory sharpB. it is easier to remember s
30、omething if you are interested in itC. a person would have used up half the storage capacity of his brain at the age of 100 should he store ten bits of information every second of his lifeD. the older person may recall facts even better than the young（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).The author tells the tale of
31、 Einsteins forgetting the name of his hotel to show that_.A. memory seems to decline with advancing ageB. Einsteins brain does not have greater storage capacity than ordinary peopleC. people usually cant remember something they dont care aboutD. bouts of forgetfulness are just something that cant be
32、 helped and they are not absolutely related to a persons intellectual power or creative thinking（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7)._ may trigger a momentary mental block.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).A “ tip-of-the-tongue“ memory lapse is an occurrence in which_（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9)._ music makes learning and remembering eas
33、ier because it_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).The two factors that influence processing a memory are _ and（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)(1).A. He did poorly on the first exam. B. He got more than eighty percent right.C. Eighty percent of the students did well.
34、 D. He did much better than he thought.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. His mother wants him to do his homework.B. He has to finish his homework.C. He is too excited to sleep.D. He doesnt know it is very late.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Satisfied. B. Interested.C. Tired. D. Discouraged.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. To
35、 the bank. B. To the office.C. To the barbershop. D. To the department store.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. He stayed up late watching a film. B. He went to bed very early.C. He went to a party. D. He stayed up late studying.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. She wants the man to wait.B. She is ready now.C. She has d
36、ecided not to go.D. She thinks the man should change the clothes.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. 5 years. B. Over 100 years.C. 90 years. D. 95 years.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He likes Mexican food.B. He expected a better dinner.C. The dinner was expensive.D. He enjoyed the food more than the woman did.（分数：7.0
37、0）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. Defendant and lawyer. B. Lawyer and witness.C. Witness and judge. D. Witness and defendant.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. A blue car ran into a white Ford.B. A white Ford suddenly pulled out in front of him.C. A
38、 white Ford and a blue car crashed head-on.D. A blue car and a white Ford collided on a side road.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The driver of the blue car.B. The driver of the white Ford.C. Neither the driver of the blue car nor the driver of the white Ford.D. Both the drivers of the blue car and the whit
39、e Ford.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. He was looking at his speedometer.B. He was following the blue car.C. He saw a traffic sign for speed limit by the side of the road.D. He never ran faster than the speed limit on that road.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just
40、heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. Mr. Blacks secretary. B. Mr. Suleiman.C. The educational advisor. D. A teacher at the University of Chicago.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. To make an appointment to talk to Mr. Black.B. To enquire about English-language schools in America.C. To sign up for an intensive English course
41、.D. To postpone his appointment until Wednesday morning.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He has graduated from Kuwait University.B. He wants to study for his masters degree in the United States.C. He has been accepted by an American university.D. He is required to take an intensive English course before he e
42、nters the program.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. Because whales keep a balance between plants and animals on land.B. Because whales eat a lot of fish.C. Because whales eat large amounts of garbag
43、e.D. Because whales keep oceans clean for fish, and people need fish.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Peoples sewage and garbage. B. Sea plants and small animals.C. Dead fish. D. Ships and submarines.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. By eating various kinds of fish.B. By eating large amounts of plants and small animal
44、s growing in very salty water.C. By providing enough food for fish.D. By increasing the salt in the water.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. He gave Washington a horse as a present.B. He led a police officer to Washingtons hou
45、se.C. He stole one of Washingtons horses.D. He broke into Washingtons house.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The horse is blind in the right eye. B. The horse is blind in the left eye.C. The horse is blind in both of its eyes. D. The horse is not blind.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. George Washington.B. The neighbo
46、r.C. The police officer.D. Someone who was not mentioned in this passage.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. They think that ice cream is very new.B. They know that ice cream is brought from Europe.C. They think that ice crea
47、m was an American idea.D. They dont know what ice cream is.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. A hundred years ago. B. Three centuries ago.C. After America was discovered. D. Long before America was discovered.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. King Charles I made ice cream popular in England.B. The Roman emperor Nero hir
48、ed men to bring ice to cool his drinks.C. Marco Polo brought Chinese recipes for frozen milk to Europe.D. King Charles I wanted to keep the secret of ice cream for himself. .（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Over two billion quarts. B. Two million quarts.C. Two hundred million quarts. D. Nearly twenty billion quarts.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)The World Health Organization says alcohol abuse is the third leading cause of death and (36) in the world. A new WHO report says the (37) use of alcohol kills 2.5 million people a year. And officials s
