1、大学四级-1926 及答案解析(总分：713.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.大学校园内生生十分热衷报考各种证书2. 这种现象的利弊3. 我对这种现象的看法（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)The Birth of Human CivilizationIn the modern world, our way of life is constantly changing. Every year there are new fashions in clothes, games
2、 and music, and hundreds of scientific discoveries. For most of the human history, however, change has been very slow.Hunters and GatherersUntil as recently as 11,000 years ago, all humans lived a simple way of life, which had developed over millions of years. People lived in small families, gatheri
3、ng wild plant foods and hunting wild animals. They never stayed in one place for long but moved constantly, in search of new food sources or following wild animals. In these early hunting and gathering people used the same kind of tools for very long periods of time.Settling DownThe first fully mode
4、rn human beings, who had exactly the same intelligence and appearance as ourselves, evolved in tropical Africa about 100,000 years ago. They were much better at learning how to live in new environments than earlier species.Growing CropsThese early humans quickly spread out of Africa and replaced ear
5、lier species, such as the Neanderthals, who lived in Europe and Asia. Gradually, their numbers increased, until they could no longer survive just by hunting animals and gathering wild plants. People began to settle into a farming way of life. The first farmers settled in the Middle East about 11,000
6、 years ago. A few thousand years later, farming began in Egypt, India and China. By Roman times (2,000 years ago), most people in Asia, Africa and Europe depended on farming for their food.New Ways of LivingFarming led to huge changes in the way most people lived. It meant that they could live in on
7、e place all the time. They began to build long-lasting buildings of wood, brick and stone. People learned to bake clay to make pottery (陶器) jars for storing and cooling food. Later they learned to heat certain rocks to create metal, such as gold, silver and copper. Metal tools were better than stone
8、 ones. Population ExplosionFarming led to important social changes. Because they had better land or worked harder, some farmers were more successful than others and grew more food than they needed to support their families. These farmers could exchange their surplus food for luxuries, such as fine j
9、ewels and weapons, or they could use it to win power and influence over other people. As a result, inequalities of wealth and power began to develop among people in farming communities. Powerful individuals were able to become chiefs, ruling over other people and controlling their land. Because farm
10、ing increased the food supply, the human population began to rise more and more quickly. When farming first began, there were only about 12 million people in the whole world. Today there are more than five billion people, most of whom still depend on farming for their food.Cities, Kings and Civiliza
11、tionThe population rose fastest in the places which had the most fertile soils, such as on the plains of great rivers. These included the Nile in Egypt, the river Tigris and Euphrates in Iraq, the Indus River in Pakistan and the Yellow River in China. The first civilizations of large communities wit
12、h governments arose in these areas between 5,500 and 3,500 years ago. Chiefs were not powerful enough to control such large communities as cities, so a new kind of ruler emerged, the king. To strengthen their power, kings issued code of laws.The Invention of WritingFarmers brought their surplus food
13、 to the cities to the king as taxes. The king then used this food to support people who had full-time specialist )obs, such as administrators (行政官员), soldiers, builders and other craftsmen (工匠) and women. All of these specialist workers depended totally on the ability of farmers to grow surplus food
14、 to feed them. Ruling these large communities was a complicated business. Systems of writing were invented to help rulers and administrators remember everything that they needed to know to do their jobs properly. The First Nation“the first civilization was founded by the Sumerians in the Middle East
15、 about 5,500 years ago. About 400 years later, a second civilization developed in Egypt. The ancient Egyptian civilization was one of the most successful in history. It lasted over 3,000 years. While the Sumerians lived in dozens of cities, each with its own king, the Egyptians were all united in a
16、single kingdom. “They were the worlds first nation. Later, new civilizations arose in the Middle East, Africa and Europe.The Birth of European CivilizationThe most important of these new civilizations was in Greece, across the Mediterranean Sea from Egypt. The ancient Greek civilization became one o
17、f the most inventive (有创造力的) in history. Ancient Greek states were the first to allow citizens to govern themselves. They called this democracy. The ancient Greeks had some of the first scientists, philosophers and historians (历史学家). They invented the theater. “Their art and building styles are stil
18、l copied today.Growth of an EmpireThe ancient Greeks were great travelers and colonizers (殖民者). They founded cities all around the Mediterranean and throughout the East. The Romans of Italy were strongly influenced by the Greeks. By the time of Christ, they had built one of the largest empires in hi
19、story. Both Greece and Egypt came under Roman rule. Even though the Roman Empire ended over 1,500 years ago, it still has an influence on our lives. Many modern languages are descended from Latin, the Roman language. Our alphabet was invented by the Romans. Germany and France have laws that are base
20、d on Roman laws. London and Paris were founded by the Romans.（分数：70.00）(1).What does the author think of the birth of civilization?A. It has been changeable. B. It has been amazing.C. It has been slow. D. It has been mysterious.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, humans leading a simple l
21、ife millions of years ago earned a living by _. A. growing crops B. learning from animalsC. developing advanced tools D. gathering food and hunting animals（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Where did the first farmers settle?A. In Egypt. B. In India and China.C. In the Middle East. D. In Europe.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(
22、4).Farming greatly changed peoples way of life in that it _. A. enabled people to lead a stable life in one placeB. provided people with enough to eatC. forced people to develop new farming techniquesD. reduced peoples dependence on hunting（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage, human populat
23、ion increased quickly mainly because of _. A. equal distribution of wealth B. a peaceful natural environmentC. sufficient food supply D. the advances of medical service（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).When chiefs couldnt control their people and communities, _. A. the king became the rulerB. wars began between
24、communitiesC. they joined other chiefs communitiesD. their communities started to break into smaller ones（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).The invention of writing was mainly to meet the need of _. A. education B. the ruling classC. the economic development D. common people（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).The Egyptians were
25、 different from the Sumerians in that the Egyptians were _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Ancient Greek states were special inthat their citizens _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).The Romans had built one of the largest empires in history by _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00
26、)(1).A. The man should not make a fuss about Franks lateness.B. The man should not fire Frank.C. Frank is a qualified sales manager.D. Frank deserves the punishment.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. By bus. B. By car.C. By subway. D. On foot.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. To the movie. B. To the library.C. To hospit
27、al. D. To class.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. The girl should ask her father for advice.B. The girl should change her mind.C. The girl is old enough to make her own decisions.D. The girl is brave enough for the new challenges.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. A book. B. A fishing rodC. A watch. D. A coffee-maker.（分
28、数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. At 11:30. B. At 11:10.C. At 11:20. D. At 10:40.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The new cook is not as good as the previous one.B. The food in the restaurant is good, but it is too expensive.C. The new French cook will make the restaurant even better.D. The restaurant can attract more c
29、ustomers if it serves French food.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The woman should apologize to Linda.B. The woman should cooperate with Linda.C. The woman should learn more about business.D. The woman should accept Lindas suggestion.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. Near a railway station. B. Near a famous college.C
30、. In a residential area. D. In the central business district.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Less than 15 students. B. Less than 10 students.C. About 20 students. D. About 25 students.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. In apartments. B. In dormitories.C. In student centers. D. In local families.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A.
31、 Sales Department. B. Human Resources Department.C. Financial Department. D. Research and Development Department.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Because she is having trouble with her current job.B. Because she is having an interview with the manager.C. Because she wants to apply for a position.D. Because s
32、he wants to design a new advertisement.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Traveling. B. Accounting.C. International trade. D. Foreign languages.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Because it is a promising career.B. Because she loves traveling and meeting people.C. Because she wants to follow in her mothers footsteps.D. B
33、ecause she wants to travel around the world in a short time.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. A speakers knowledge. B. A speakers confidence.C. A speakers speech-delivering skills. D. A speechwriter
34、s writing techniques.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Introducing contrast. B. Adding firmness.C. Writing with conviction. D. Presenting with confidence.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Confirming a statement. B. Repeating a viewpoint.C. Presenting a positive spin. D. Disproving a negative issue.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Pass
35、age TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. Queen Victoria. B. Queen Elizabeth .C. Queen Elizabeth . D. Duke of Edinburgh.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Morning dress. B. Afternoon dress.C. Evening dress. D. National dress.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. At 3 pm. B. At 4
36、 pm.C. At 5 pm. D. At 6 pm.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. Three. B. Four.C. Five. D. Six.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Stages one and two. B. Stages two and three.C. Stages one and three. D. Stages two and four.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.
37、D.(3).A. Eye movements slow down. B. Breathing becomes faster.C. Blood flow decreases to the brain. D. Body temperature decreases.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Breathing rates slow down. B. Pulse beats slowly.C. Heart beats faster. D. Limb muscles move rapidly.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)O
38、ver 1.5 billion people around the world live without electricity. Finding better ways to bring light to the poor is the goal of researchers like David Irvine-Halliday.In the late 1990s, the Canadian (36) was working in India when his return flight was (37) . A delay gave him time to take a 14-day hi
39、king (徒步旅行) trip around the country.One day he looked in the window of a school and (38) how dark it was. This is a common problem for (39) of children around the world.Many families use kerosene oil lamps (煤油灯). There are many problems with these lamps. They produce only a small (40) of light. They
40、 are dangerous to (41) . And they are a big fire danger, causing many (42) and deaths each year. Kerosene costs less than other forms of lighting, but it is still (43) in poor countries. (44) . Finally, he decided to use a bright white LED made in Japan.(45) . His Light Up the World Foundation has n
41、ow equipped the homes of 25,000 people in 51 countries. Now his aim is to develop a lower-cost lighting system. (46) .（分数：77.00）(1).Over 1.5 billion people around the world live without electricity. Finding better ways to bring light to the poor is the goal of researchers like David Irvine-Halliday.
42、In the late 1990s, the Canadian (36) was working in India when his return flight was (37) . A delay gave him time to take a 14-day hiking (徒步旅行) trip around the country.One day he looked in the window of a school and (38) how dark it was. This is a common problem for (39) of children around the worl
43、d.Many families use kerosene oil lamps (煤油灯). There are many problems with these lamps. They produce only a small (40) of light. They are dangerous to (41) . And they are a big fire danger, causing many (42) and deaths each year. Kerosene costs less than other forms of lighting, but it is still (43)
44、 in poor countries. (44) . Finally, he decided to use a bright white LED made in Japan.(45) . His Light Up the World Foundation has now equipped the homes of 25,000 people in 51 countries. Now his aim is to develop a lower-cost lighting system. (46) .（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).Over 1.5 billion people aroun
45、d the world live without electricity. Finding better ways to bring light to the poor is the goal of researchers like David Irvine-Halliday.In the late 1990s, the Canadian (36) was working in India when his return flight was (37) . A delay gave him time to take a 14-day hiking (徒步旅行) trip around the
46、country.One day he looked in the window of a school and (38) how dark it was. This is a common problem for (39) of children around the world.Many families use kerosene oil lamps (煤油灯). There are many problems with these lamps. They produce only a small (40) of light. They are dangerous to (41) . And
47、 they are a big fire danger, causing many (42) and deaths each year. Kerosene costs less than other forms of lighting, but it is still (43) in poor countries. (44) . Finally, he decided to use a bright white LED made in Japan.(45) . His Light Up the World Foundation has now equipped the homes of 25,
48、000 people in 51 countries. Now his aim is to develop a lower-cost lighting system. (46) .（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).Over 1.5 billion people around the world live without electricity. Finding better ways to bring light to the poor is the goal of researchers like David Irvine-Halliday.In the late 1990s, the
49、 Canadian (36) was working in India when his return flight was (37) . A delay gave him time to take a 14-day hiking (徒步旅行) trip around the country.One day he looked in the window of a school and (38) how dark it was. This is a common problem for (39) of children around the world.Many families use kerosene oil lamps (煤油灯). There are many problems with these lamps.
