1、大学四级-1925 及答案解析(总分：713.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.介绍你自己2说明你为什么想在该校学习3表示你的感谢（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)For American Workers in China, a Culture ClashAs more Americans go to China to take jobs, more Chinese and Americans are working side by side. These cross-cu
2、ltural partnerships, while beneficial in many ways, are also highlighting tensions that expose differences in work experience, pay levels and communication.In the last few years, a growing number of Americans in their 20s and 30s have been heading to China for employment, attracted by its faster-gro
3、wing economy and lower jobless rate. Their Chinese co- workers are often around the same age.“The tight cooperation of the two countries in business and science makes the Chinese-American pairing one of the most common in the workplace in China,“ said Vas Taras, a management professor at the Univers
4、ity of North Carolina at Greensboro, a specialist in cross-cultural work group management.But the two groups were raised differently.The Americans have had more exposure to free-market principles. “Young Americans were brought up in a commercial environment,“ said Neng Zhao, 28, a senior associate a
5、t Blue Oak Capital, a private equity firrn (私人投资公司) based in Beijing. “We werent. So the workplace is a unique learning process for my generation.“People in Ms. Zhaos generation were born around or shortly after Deng Xiaoping opened up China to the West, so China has evolved from a government-regula
6、ted economy to a more free-market system in their lifetime. Therefore, they can face a steeper learning curve.Sean Leow, 28, founder of Neocha, a social networking site based in Shanghai, says young Chinese employees often enter jobs with less hands-on preparation. They may also have less understand
7、ing of client services, he said.In addition, he said, “I know a lot of my Chinese colleagues did not do internships (实习) in college,“ in contrast to United States students.Managers hiring workers in China appear to be paying a premium (额外补贴) for Western experience. Foreigners tend to earn 10% to 15%
8、 more than their Chinese counterparts (职位相当的人) in similar positions, said Michael Norman, senior vice president at Sibson Consulting, an American firm.That imbalance does not go unnoticed by Chinese workers. “There is definitely the perception that Americans get paid more for the same work,“ said Ti
9、ng Wang, 25, an associate at WildChina, a travel company based in Beijing.The difference is a function of supply and demand, Mr. Norman said. “If you need the foreigner for their specialized knowledge of the West, companies are willing to pay a little more.“On the other hand, Chinese workers have a
10、deeper understanding of the influences, like Confucianism and Communism, which play a part in their countrys culture and economy.It is necessary for Americans working in China to adjust, said Mr. Norman, who works on management and workforce issues for multinational companies operating in Asia.“In t
11、he West, there is such a premium (重视) on getting things done quickly, but when you come to work in China, you need to work on listening and being more patient and understanding of local ways of doing business,“ he said.Ming Akerman, 25, a senior account executive at Razorfish, a Shanghai-based digit
12、al media firm, is the only American among 40 employees. He says Americans need to understand the importance of building so-called “Guanxi.“ The word means relationships, but has implications beyond the required happy hour, occasional lunches with the boss or networking.“In China, its really expected
13、 that you become friends with your boss and you go out and communicate in a way that doesnt happen in the US“ Mr. Alterman said.The Chinese now rising in the workforce were raised and educated in a system that tended to prize obedience (服从). Their American counterparts may have had more room to ques
14、tion authority and speak their minds. This can affect workplace communication.When Corinne Dillon, 25, was working at a multinational company in Beijing, she noticed that her Chinese colleagues were sometimes hesitant about expressing their opinions, which she thought was rooted in views about hiera
15、rchy (等级制度).“Because foreigners are often in higher positions in companies, or even when they are not, there is sometimes an implicit respect given to them that makes Chinese people not want to directly disagree with them for fear of being perceived as impolite“ said Ms. Dillon, who is now director
16、of sales and marketing at Thats Mandarin, a language school based in Beijing.The difference cuts both ways. Ms. Zhao, of Blue Oak Capital, recalled her first experience working for an American at an American-run agency in Beijing. What her American boss perceived as directness left her feeling asham
17、ed, she said. “1 remember I was so embarrassed when my American boss told me he didnt like something I was doing, right in front of me,“ she said. “The Chinese way would have been much more indirect.“Communication styles, Professor Taras said, can create workplace challenges. “Americans often percei
18、ve the Chinese as less confident and not tough enough, whereas the Chinese may see Americans as rude or inconsiderate.“This, he said, “can lead to conflicts and misunderstandings, but also affect promotion and task assignment choice, and ultimately performance.“What is similar, though, is that both
19、the Americans and the Chinese perceive a glass ceiling. “Most foreign colleagues dont speak good enough Chinese, so their promotion prospects are limited, and on a social and cultural level, young Chinese feel there are barriers that are hard to get past,“ said Ziyu Wen, 28, who works with Americans
20、 in her job as a communications manager in Beijing.Despite the tension, the Chinese-American pairing holds many economic and political benefits for both countries.“China needs workers who understand China and the West, so they can develop a business presence and influence in overseas markets,“ Mr. N
21、orman said.“Likewise, America needs people who truly understand the Chinese, in order to compete and cooperate“ Having Americans working alongside the Chinese in China, he said, “is one of the best ways to cultivate this understanding for the future./（分数：70.00）(1).What is the authors purpose of writ
22、ing the article?A. To inform Americans of some cultural tips on working in China.B. To account for cultural conflicts between China and America.C. To introduce Chinese cultural stories to average Americans.D. To teach Chinese employers how to work with foreigners.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to th
23、e passage, one of the factors that attracted young Americans to work in China is _. A. romantic love B. personal fulfillmentC. economic benefits D. new cultural experiences（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to Vas Taras, it is now common for Americans to work in China because of _. A. the fast pace of g
24、lobalizationB. the great economic crisis in AmericaC. the urgent need of foreign professionals in ChinaD. the close relationship between China and America（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Differences between the Chinese and Americans derive from the different ways _. A. they look upon work B. they are brought up
25、C. they perceive the world D. they are educated（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Neng Zhao believes that working with foreigners is _. A. a unique experience B. a special privilegeC. embarrassing D. instructive（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).What does Michael Norman think of the foreigners being paid more than their Chines
26、e associates?A. Confusing. B. Ridiculous.C. Reasonable. D. Controversial.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).From Ming Altermans point of view, the Chinese differ from Americans in _. A. the understanding of leisure activitiesB. the expected relationship with the bossC. the view on workplace communicationD. the at
27、titudes towards new challenges（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).Corinne Dillon noticed that the Chinese were reluctant to express their opinions to show both respect and _ to their foreign colleagues.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).According to Professor Taras, the Chinese may take Americans directness as _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_
28、(10).The Chinese-American partnership can bring about financial and political benefits in spite of _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)(1).A. The man is qualified for the job. B. The man can apply for the job.C. The job is not available any more. D. She c
29、an offer the man that job.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A) From next Tuesday to Thursday. C) From next Saturday to Thursday.B) From next Thursday to Saturday. D) From next Tuesday to Saturday.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. 7 dollars.B. 10 dollars.C. 63 dollars. D. 70 dollars.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Listen to the mu
30、sic. B. Stay outside for a while.C. Dance with the woman. D. Take the woman outside.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. French. B. English.C. German. D. Chinese.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. Their house owner. B. Increasing the price.C. Their lovely kids. D. Buying a house.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Its a very famous bo
31、ok. B. Its an overpraised book.C. Its an interesting book. D. Its a hard book for her.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. She would like to have dinner with the man.B. She will have dinner by herself a moment later.C. She wants the man to bring her some food.D. She hates the food sold in the dining hall.（分数：7.0
32、0）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. English. B. Chinese.C. Management. D. International Relations.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. No degree. B. A bachelors degree.C. A masters degree. D. A doctoral degree.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Teacher and student
33、. B. Boss and employee.C. Classmates. D. Colleagues.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. At home. B. In a hotel.C. At a pub. D. In their company.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Drink beers. B. Play games.C. Eat and listen to music. D. Watch n
34、ew films.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Because the man has just been promoted.B. Because they have just moved to a new place.C. Because the womans birthday is coming.D. Because they have just finished a new project.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Thursday. B. Friday.C. Saturday. D. Sunday.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Secti
35、on B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. Headache. B. Muscle pain.C. Hearing problem. D. Serious skin problem.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Lie down on the ground. B. Bend low to the ground.C. Stand near tall buildings. D. Call the pol
36、ice for help.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Avoiding touching the man. B. Letting him lie on his back.C. Giving first aid immediately. D. Keeping his body cool.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. Negative effects of work pressure. B.
37、How to handle work pressure.C. How to arrange your work properly. D. How to save your energy for disasters.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Controlling your response. B. Recalling your memories.C. Releasing your emotions. D. Saving your complaints.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Moderate delight. B. Total relief.C.
38、Mild unhappiness. D. Severe panic.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. In the department office. B. On the noticeboard.C. In the French Department. D. In the course introduction folders.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Two.B. Four.C. S
39、ix. D. Eight.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. French Arts. B. French Philosophy.C. French History. D. French Literature.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Students must attend all the seminars and lectures.B. Students must attend seminars, but not necessarily lectures.C. Students must attend lectures, but not necessari
40、ly seminars.D. Students can choose to attend seminars and lectures they like.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Heart disease is the leading killer of Americans, but it kills more women than men. The American Heart Association says heart disease and other cardiovascular (心血管的) (36) kill abo
41、ut 500,000 women a year. That is more than the next seven causes of death (37) .In general, women are less likely than men to (38) heart attacks. One of the possible explanations has been that women are not treated as early or as (39) for heart disease. Most heart disease research traditionally invo
42、lved men. But experts have (40) that heart disease may act differently in women. The Washington Post recently reported on these (41) .Doctor Noel Bairey Merz, a heart expert in Los Angeles, says that unlike in men, heart disease in women is often found in the smaller arteries (动脉) which are often (4
43、2) .Another difference may involve artery spasms (痉挛). A spasm (43) causes the artery to narrow. (44) . Heart experts say cardiovascular disease is often preventable. (45) . But researchers say the lining of arteries may also weaken in older women.(46) . Another issue is treatment. The researchers s
44、ay common drugs and other methods may not work as well for many women as for men. Heart experts agree that much more research is needed.（分数：77.00）(1).Heart disease is the leading killer of Americans, but it kills more women than men. The American Heart Association says heart disease and other cardio
45、vascular (心血管的) (36) kill about 500,000 women a year. That is more than the next seven causes of death (37) .In general, women are less likely than men to (38) heart attacks. One of the possible explanations has been that women are not treated as early or as (39) for heart disease. Most heart diseas
46、e research traditionally involved men. But experts have (40) that heart disease may act differently in women. The Washington Post recently reported on these (41) .Doctor Noel Bairey Merz, a heart expert in Los Angeles, says that unlike in men, heart disease in women is often found in the smaller art
47、eries (动脉) which are often (42) .Another difference may involve artery spasms (痉挛). A spasm (43) causes the artery to narrow. (44) . Heart experts say cardiovascular disease is often preventable. (45) . But researchers say the lining of arteries may also weaken in older women.(46) . Another issue is
48、 treatment. The researchers say common drugs and other methods may not work as well for many women as for men. Heart experts agree that much more research is needed.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).Heart disease is the leading killer of Americans, but it kills more women than men. The American Heart Association
49、says heart disease and other cardiovascular (心血管的) (36) kill about 500,000 women a year. That is more than the next seven causes of death (37) .In general, women are less likely than men to (38) heart attacks. One of the possible explanations has been that women are not treated as early or as (39) for heart disease. Most heart disease research traditionally involved men. Bu
