1、大学四级-1912 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic: Pet Raising. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Pet Raising（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)The
2、US congress is the legislative branch of the federal government. It a bicameral(两党制的) law-body of more than 500 members. Its two chambers are respectively called the House of Representatives and the Senate. The American two-house legislature, a product of the compromise between states and small ones
3、, embodies the American principle of balances and checks. All bills must carry both before becoming laws.Representatives vs. SenatorsThe House of Representatives is the lower house of the bicameral Congress. The membership of the House is distributed among the states according to their different pop
4、ulations. Since 1910, the House has had a permanent membership of 435, with each Representative represent about half a million Americans. Under the principle that each state is guaranteed at least one representative Nevada, a state with a small population, sends only one Representative to the House.
5、 California has more than 40 Representative in the House because of its large population.The election of Representatives is organized by the state legislature which divides the state into a number of districts known as Congressional districts. Each district, with a population of nearly half a millio
6、n, elects one Representative to the House. A Representatives term of office is set at two years, but there is no limit to the number of his terms. A new Representative can hardly feel easy about his position. Hardly has he begun his work in the Congress when he finds its time for him to seek reelect
7、ion.The Senate is the upper house of the US Congress. Representation in the Senate is based on the principle of state equality. The Senate is comprised of 100 Senators, two from each of the 50 states.Senators have been directly elected by voters of their respective state since 1913. Their term of of
8、fice is six years. With one-third of the Senate seats up for election every two years, a Senator must be at least 30 years old and a citizen for 9 years.The PrestigeGenerally speaking, Senators are accorded greater prestige than their colleagues in the lower house. Many Representatives aspire to win
9、 the election to the Senate. Senators derive their prestige from the following facts. They are less numerous, for there are fewer than one fourth as many Senators as Representatives, or Congressmen. Elected by the whole state instead of a single congressional district, most Senators represent more c
10、onstituents(选民) than do House members. They are less worried by the problem of seeking reelectives. Whats more, the Senate has special powers which it does not share with the House. It has the power to approve or deny proposed treaties, nominations proposed by the President. In line with the traditi
11、on of “senatorial courtesy (礼貌) ,“the Senate always rejects a nominee who is objected to by a Senator of the state from which he comes.It wont do to neglect the importance of the Senate in foreign affairs. Without its cooperation and support, the President can hardly take any significant action in f
12、oreign relations. A Secretary of State on good terms with the Senators is always important for the President. Foreign countries must try to establish good relations with the US Senate if they intend to make a bargain with the United States.Leaders of the House and the SenateThe presiding (主持的) offic
13、er of the Senate is the Vice President who functions as a kind chairman when the Senate is in session (开会). The chief spokesman of the House is known as the Speaker who is the leader of the majority party in the House. The Speaker is the most influential figure in the House because he directs his pa
14、rtys forces in legislative battles.How the Congress WorksThe Congress is a legislative body, but it relies on its various committees to do preparatory work. The Senate and the House have several dozen standing and special committees to deal with problems of different natures. The seats of the commit
15、tees are divided between the two parties in proportion to their respective membership in the Congress. But the committee chairman is always a member of the majority party who has been in the Senate or the House without interruption for longer than anybody else on the committee. The custom is known a
16、s “seniority rule. “Most proposed laws in the Congress are known as bills. All bills introduced during a two-year congressional term are designated “HR“ in the House and “S“ in the Senate, with consecutive (连续的) numbers assigned in order in which they are introduced in each house. After this, the bi
17、lls are referred to the relevant committees for further study.To assess the bill at its true worth, the relevant committee usually organizes its subcommittee to conduct detailed study. There is no doubt that the sub-committee will study the literal sense of bill. But it also holds meetings with the
18、citizens who want to state their opinions about the bill. These meetings are commonly known as hearings. The purpose of the sub-committee in holding these hearings is to obtain information on the bill before it. The sub-committee may summon people to appear at the hearings and to testify.After finis
19、hing study of the bill, the sub-committee will report the result to the full committee. The committee chairman then has a choice between two things. He can send the bill to the house for further consideration. He can also postpone, or kill it by putting it aside and not reporting it. For this reason
20、, a committee chairman is regarded as an important person in the Congress. It wont do to neglect them.（分数：70.00）(1).The American two-house legislature reflects _.A. the cooperation between big states and small onesB. the American principle of paying by checkC. the American principle of balances and
21、checksD. the American principle of paying by cash（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Since 1910, the House has had a permanent membership of _.A. about half a millionB. only oneC. fortyD. four hundred and thirty-five（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why can California send more than 40 Representatives to the House?A. Because i
22、t has a small population.B. Because it has a large population.C. Because it has a population of nearly half a million.D. Because its in an unfavorable Congressional district.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A new Representative can hardly feel easy about his position in that _.A. he has to prepare for re-electi
23、on at the start of his new jobB. he finds his work in the Congress is a hard taskC. he has to win another election to secure his new jobD. he has to seek help from his colleagues in the congress（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Nominations proposed by the President may be disapproved by _.A. either the Senate or
24、 the HouseB. the HouseC. both the Senate and the HouseD. the Senate（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).What role does the Vice President play when the Senate has a meeting?A. The chief spokesman.B. The most influential figure.C. The most powerful figure.D. A kind chairman and the presiding officer.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D
25、.(7).The bills are introduced to the House and the Senate before they are studied by _.A. the CongressB. the relevant committeesC. the committee chairmanD. the chairman of the House（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).According to _, each state is represented by two Senators in the Senate.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).If the
26、 President wants to take significant action in foreign relations, it is necessary to gain _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).The seats of the committees are distributed between the two parties based on _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)(1).A. Wait for the sale to s
27、tart.B. Get further information about the sale.C. Call the TV station to be sure if the ad is true.D. Buy a new suit.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. He doesnt think that John is ill.B. He thinks that perhaps John is not in very good health.C. He is aware that John is ill.D. He doesnt think that John has a v
28、ery good knowledge of physics.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Before six.B. At six.C. After six.D. After seven.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. It is bigger.B. It has a prettier color.C. It has a larger yard.D. It is brighter.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. Australian and American.B. Guest and host.C. Husband and wife.D. Pr
29、ofessor and student.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. 1:30.B. 11:00.C. 9:30.D. 10:00.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. He prefers staying at home because the bus is too late.B. He prefers staying at home because he doesnt like to travel.C. He prefers taking a bus because the plane makes him nervous.D. He prefers travel
30、ing with the woman.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He thinks she should visit her cousin.B. Her cousin doesnt visit very often.C. Her cousin is feeling a lot better today.D. He doesnt think her cousin has been at home today.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just hear
31、d.（分数：28.00）(1).A. Two different types of bones in the human body.B. How bones help the body move.C. How bones continuously repair themselves.D. The chemical composition of human bones.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. They defend the bone against viruses.B. They prevent oxygen from entering the bone.C. They
32、break down bone tissue.D. They connect the bone to muscle tissue.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. They have difficulty identifying these cells.B. They arent sure how these cells work.C. Theyve learned how to reproduce these cells.D. Theyve found similar cells in other species.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. To learn
33、 how to prevent a bone disease.B. To understand differences between bone tissue and other tissue.C. To find out how specialized bone cells have evolved.D. To create artificial bone tissue.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. A new fue
34、l for buses.B. The causes of air pollution.C. A way to improve fuel efficiency in buses.D. Careers in environmental engineering.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Her car is being repaired.B. She wants to help reduce pollution.C. Parking is difficult in the city.D. The cost of fuel has increased.（分数：7.00）A.B.C
35、.D.(3).A. A fuel that burns cleanly.B. An oil additive that helps cool engines.C. A material from which filters are made.D. An insulating material sprayed on engine parts.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. From
36、 three to five months.B. Three months.C. Five months.D. Four months.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Watch traffic.B. Obey commands.C. Cross streets safely.D. Guard the door.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Three weeks.B. Two weeks.C. Four weeks.D. Five weeks.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passa
37、ge you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. Two to four times.B. Four to six times.C. Four to eight times.D. Six to ten times.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Sleeping pills made people go into REM sleep quickly.B. People had more dreams after they took sleeping pills.C. People became angry easily because they d
38、idnt take sleeping pills.D. Sleeping pills prevented people from going into REM sleep.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. People dream so as to sleep better.B. People dream in order not to go into REM sleep.C. Because they may run into difficult problems in their dreams.D. Because in their dreams they may find
39、the answers to their problems.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. A sales representative.B. A store manager.C. A committee chairperson.D. A class president.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. To determine who will graduate this year.B. To discuss the
40、 seating arrangement.C. To choose the chairperson of the ceremonies.D. To begin planning the graduation ceremonies.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Their names, phone numbers and job preference.B. The names and addresses of their guests.C. The names of the committee they worked on last year.D. Their dormitor
41、y name, address and phone number.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. In an hour.B. Next week.C. In one month.D. Next year.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)In the English (36) system, students take three very important examinations. The first is the eleven-plus, which is (37) at the age of eleven or a
42、 little past. At one time the (38) or (39) shown on the eleven plus would have (40) if a child stayed in school. Now, however, all children continue in (41) schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow. At the age of fifteen or sixteen, the students are (42) f
43、or the Ordinary (43) of the General Certificate of Education. (44) . Once students have passed this exam, they are allowed to specialize, so that two thirds or more of their courses will be in physics, chemistry, classical languages, or whatever they wish to study at greater length. (45) . Even at t
44、he universities, students study only in their concentrated area, and very few students ever venture out-side that subject again. (46) .（分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：1，分数：90.00)A. entitled B. e
45、specially C. awake D. informationE. varies F. eventually G. stress H) tiredI) offers J) amount K) comparing L) concentrateM) asleep N) physically O) preparingSleep and Your LifeIf you are worried about things and are under a lot of stress at work or school, then you are probably not sleeping well. W
46、orry can keep you (47) , tossing and turning in bed until the early hours of the morning when you (48) fall asleep. When you wake up, you dont feel refreshed, hut (49) and worn out and unable to face a new day.Dr. Henry Winkle, in a recent newspaper article (50) Stress and Sleep, indicates that stre
47、ss and lack of sleep are directly related. Dr. Winkle says, “The more we worry, the less we sleep, the more we are unable to deal with (51) If we can find a way to get a good nights sleep,“ he adds, “we can often find the energy to deal with whats worrying us. “So, what is a good nights sleep? Resea
48、rch shows that the amount of sleep which people need in order to keep healthy (52) a lot. Seven hours is about the average (53) , though strangely enough, sleeping longer often gives you a headache instead of making you feel more refreshed.Dr. Winkle believes that (54) for sleeping is important. People who work late should try to give themselves a short break and do something restful before going to bed. This could be watching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercise earlier in the day should he
