1、大学四级-1877 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a motivation speech to encourage your freshmen students to set goals at the beginning of college life. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given
2、below in Chinese.A Motivation Speech1大学新生应尽早订立明确的学习与人生目标。2确立目标的重要性3如何订立远大、合理的目标。（分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)(1).A. At the airport. B. In a travel agency.C. In a real estate agency. D. At the railway station.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Professor and student.
3、 B. Customer and sales assistant.C. Guest and receptionist. D. Boss and secretary.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. 12:30. B. 11:15. C. 12:15. D. 11:00.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. She doesnt understand it either.B. She cant see the notice on the board clearly.C. She thinks the room is too dark her to see clearly.
4、D. She didnt really notice the mark on the board.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(5).A. Flight 607 is preparing to depart.B. The flight was cancelled because of snow.C. Due to the bad weather, the man will have to prolong his stay in Washington.D. The plane cant land in Washington because of the snowstorm.（分数：7.10
5、）A.B.C.D.(1).A. They are preparing food for the dinner party.B. They are ordering food in a restaurant.C. They are seeing the doctor about the mans weight problem.D. They are learning to make chocolate cakes.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. To ask for his fathers friends help.B. To accept assistance from his
6、 fathers friends.C. To find housing and employment on his own.D. To find a teaching job at a university.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Ellen hates going shopping.B. Ellen went shopping last Sunday.C. Ellen preferred paper work to shopping.D. Ellen plays computer games all day long.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. H
7、e wanted to buy her uncle a bike.B. He works part-time there.C. He wanted to help Susan pick up a bike.D. He wanted to buy a second-hand bike.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. To train for a bicycle race.B. To buy a sturdy bike for a tour around the country.C. To begin bicycling to work.D. To replace her stol
8、en bike.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. To buy a used bike.B. To buy a racing bike.C. To buy a touring bike.D. To trade her old bike for a new one.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. It must be in good condition.B. It must be soft and comfortable.C. It must be strong and durable.D. It must be the right height.（分数：7.10）
9、A.B.C.D.(1).A. Husband and wife. B. Colleagues.C. Brother and sister. D. Boss and sister.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. About retirement.B. About the biggest accounting company.C. About moving to Los Angeles for new employment.D. About their feelings toward each other.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He is an accou
10、ntant. B. He is a toy producer.C. He is a bank clerk. D. He is a sales representative.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.30)(1).A. Serious. B. Humorous.C. Emotional. D. Indifferent.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Identical twins are always hostile to each other.B. Apartment
11、s in New York City are too expensive for ordinary people to afford.C. A blonde becomes a nuclear expert through both luck and great efforts.D. A soldier often dies after showing someone a picture of his lover.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. They are all enjoyable and instructive.B. They are all ridiculous a
12、nd offensive.C. They are all entertaining and meaningful.D. They are all funny and unrealistic.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：28.40)(1).A. To introduce a college training program.B. To describe a recent flight experience.C. To recruit people for a job.D. To discuss problems faced by the air
13、line company.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. A flight qualification certificate.B. A college diploma.C. Extensive training.D. Experience in working with the public.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Psychology. B. Physical Education.C. Foreign Languages. D. Human Resources Management.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. The decent
14、 salary. B. The chance for career development.C. The free travel. D. The opportunity to meet people.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：21.30)(1).A. The body clock affects the rhythm of light and dark.B. The body clock controls the timing of physical functions.C. The loss of body clock will le
15、ad to sleeplessness.D. The body clock needs regular adjustment.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. A person who stays up late.B. A person who follows a timed program of light and dark.C. A person who often goes on business.D. A person who sleeps on the plane.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Sufficient sleeping time.B. G
16、ood personal sleeping habits.C. Reasonable traveling schedule.D. A proper schedule for light exposure.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Thanks to modern technologies, we now have the solutions to most eyesight problems. Doctor can use different (26) PRK, Lasik, Lasek and Intraocular lenses
17、to solve all types of eyesight problems while limiting the side effects. Most eye (27) are about as safe and effective as surgery can be. However, for an Industry that promises (28) , many centers have kept their patients in the dark about (29) . Government are of no help either as there are no (30)
18、 on who can buy medical instruments. But most hospitals insist that doctors have some form of (31) before performing eye surgery.Despite a good record of the surgery, thousands of people around the world get an eye operation that goes wrong. A consumer advocate website posts a series of unhappy endi
19、ngs (32) corneas (角膜), and permanently damaged eyesight. The message boards are full of people who came out of Lasik with far better vision but still in misery, (33) poor night vision, dry eyes and worse. So its vital to research the subject before taking surgery. If you believe all the ads, after e
20、ye surgery, youll be able to read the bottom line of an eye chart through a brick wall. If only it were true. You may not (34) a vision as good as is promised. Besides, you might be a poor candidate. Eye surgery isnt fit for people with certain severe vision problems or an eye disease. The same goes
21、 for children under 18 and pregnant women, whose eyes may be undergoing changes. So dont be shocked if a doctor (35) your eyes and shows you the door. Finally, be prepared for side effect.（分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.
22、00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Japan is becoming a fast-breeder of youth culture, with its population of relatively rich youngsters who have short attention spans and intense love for new fads. One reason for the spread of the Japanese youth culture is that it provides an Asian (36) to popular cultur
23、e in ways unimaginable to Western artists and designers. While the American comic-book (37) Superman flies solo to protect the good and fight the evil, his Japanese counterpart Ultraman stood with brothers and cousins in groups attacks. Japanese animated (动画) films (38) heavily from Chinese myths an
24、d traditions.Nowhere is the Japanese element stronger than in the (39) business. Younger Japanese designers are (40) looking toward Asia because of its growing young population and thirst for smart appearance. Why go to Europe to dress tall blondes while Asians have the fashion sense and bodies to (
25、41) Japanese designs? Ellena, 17, a Hong Kong student agrees, “If I buy a pair of American jeans, I have to (42) them up several inches, and they are still too baggy, but Japanese pants fit fine.“Besides, Japanese TV programs are viewed around Asia as (43) to anything local. In Hong Kong shows, all
26、the characters are always professionals and have lots of moneywho can (44) to that? But in Japanese shows, they are usually ordinary people and seem more (45) .Throw in the widespread of Asian preference for group activities and the Japanese template (模板) becomes an attractive model.A. rollB. fashio
27、nC. uniqueD. inferiorE. increasinglyF. dimensionG. characterH. pullI. relateJ. superiorK. drawL. intensivelyM. movieN. realisticO. compliment（分数：35.50）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The Future of TransportA HALF a century after they
28、were pioneered in France and Japan, could high-speed trains be coming to America? Last year Californias legislators gave $7.7 billion to a project called California High Speed Rail (CHSR). If and when it is completed it will connect San Francisco to Los Angeles, with branch lines to Sacramento and S
29、an Diego. This first slice of what the budget suggests will eventually be a bill for $68 billion will be used to construct 210km (130 miles) of track between Fresno and Bakersfield. But just because the money has been allocated does not mean the line will actually get built. It is far from universal
30、ly popular. Besides the estimated price (and even this is probably a shot in the dark, for big infrastructure projects are hardly known for coming in on budget), it may not even be that fast. The short distances between many of its stations mean trains will rarely be able to reach their planned top
31、speed of 350kph.B Fortunately, California is home to many clever people. One of them is Elon Musk, the hyperactive boss of Tesla Motors, an electric-car company, and SpaceX, a rocketry business (he also sits on the board of Solar City, a solar-energy firm). There is nothing Mr Musk likes more than r
32、evolutionising high-tech industries. And he thinks he has come up with a better way to get California moving than a standard high-speed train. Mr Muskwho is as good at PR as he is at engineeringfirst mentioned his idea, called Hyperloop, last year, prompting excited speculation about what he might h
33、ave had in mind.C On August 12th, in a short document published on the websites of Tesla and SpaceX, all was revealed. Essentially, Mr Musk proposes to revive an old science-fiction idea called the vac-train (short for “vacuum train“). The Hyperloop would carry passengers across California at more t
34、han 1,200kphfaster than a jet airlinerallowing them to zoom between San Francisco and Los Angeles in little over half an hour, compared with more than two-and-a-half hours for CHSR. It would be solar-powered, would take less land than a high-speed railway, and would be cheaper to boot. Mr Musks noti
35、onal budget is around $ 6 billion, less than a tenth of what the high-speed train is supposed to cost.D Vac-trains, as first described in the 1910s by Robert Goddard, would send rolling carriages flying through hermetically sealed tubes (密封管道) from which the air has been evacuated. The trains would
36、thus encounter no drag, and be able to reach immense speeds. Goddard reckoned his design which also proposed magnetic levitation (磁悬浮) instead of wheelswas good for about 1,600kph. This and other designs for transporter tubes inspired much futuristic art. But none was ever built because maintaining
37、a vacuum in a long tunnel is difficult. Pumps must work exponentially harder as the pressure falls, to evacuate the few air molecules that remain. And even a small leak would damage a full-fledged vac-train, which relies on no air at all being able to build up in front of it, and thus slow it down.
38、For that reason, the Hyperloop is not actually a true vac-train. Instead, Mr Musk plans to remove sufficient air from the tubes to give them a pressure roughly a sixth of that on the surface of his beloved Mars, or a thousandth of that on Earth at sea level. This would keep the air resistance low en
39、ough to deal with in other ways.E The chief of these would be to suck up the air that did accumulate in the tube using a fan, and then expel most of it from the pods rear end. Some of this air, though, would be diverted out of the sides through special skis, to create a cushion that would stop the p
40、od (分离舱) touching the tunnel walls.F That, at least, is the theory. There are doubters, of course. Some worry that passengers will not like the prospect of hurtling through a steel tube, in a cramped capsule, at almost the speed of sound. And there are inevitable questions about safety, though the p
41、ods would have wheels that could be used if needed, allowing them to limp to their destinations using batteries if the power failed. But, its breathtaking audacity aside, the thing does look feasible as an engineering project.G The tube would be held above ground, reducing the amount of land it cons
42、umed, and would follow existing roads, which should simplify construction and make maintenance easier. The proposed route features only gentle curves. And the air cushion surrounding each pod should ensure that the ride is smooth. Moreover, although unexpected engineering problems would be bound to
43、crop up, Mr Musks experienceand that of his engineerswith space flight and car design would bode well for overcoming them.H With projects like this, though, good engineering is never enough. Politics and economics are more forbidding obstacles. Being new, the Hyperloop is risky. Also, the CHSR has a
44、 lengthy history going back decades. Much political and reputational capital is invested in it. To replace it now with a completely different design would require a flexibility that Californias government is almost certainly incapable of. Nor is there any reason to believe that Hyperloop would be im
45、mune to the overwhelming cost that every other grand infrastructure project seems doomed to suffer. A few, presumably not Californian patriots, have even suggested that somewhere like Texaswhere the bureaucracy is less stiflingmight be a more feasible place to try the idea out.I Lastly, it is not cl
46、ear just how serious Mr. Musk really is. In the past he has said that, given his other commitments, he lacked the time to try to build the Hyperloop himself. The reason for putting it into the public domain was therefore to give someone else the chance to take it up. But it is hard to think of anyon
47、e else who has both his deep pockets and his technical track record.（分数：71.00）(1).The Hyperloop project is not only technically but also politically and financially challenged.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(2).According to a newly posted document, it would only take a little more than 30 minutes for Hyperloop to
48、travel from SF to LF, almost two hours faster than CHSR.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(3).Despite the large sum of investment from the Californian government, the project of high-speed train from SF to LA still faces a variety of uncertainties.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(4).Hyperloop is not exactly the Goddards version of vac-trains, because it is almost impossible to build a long, ai
