1、大学四级-1871 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay expression your opinion on test pressure. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.On Exam Pressure1不少学生对考试带来的压力感
2、到反感。2有些学生则认为考试压力并非坏事。3我的观点（分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)(1).A. Ask Linda to forgive her.B. Apologize to Linda.C. Confront Linda directly.D. Write Linda a letter to ask her why.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. At a bank. B. At a store.C. At a library. D. At a trave
3、l agency.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. In four weeks. B. In about four days.C. She hasnt decided yet. D. About two weeks from now.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. She didnt understand what Rose was saying.B. Rose should be more energetic in her speech.C. Rose didnt seem to be nervous at all.D. Rose needs more trai
4、ning for the Speech Contest.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(5).A. The woman should have come to the class earlier.B. The woman neednt borrow the notes from the man.C. The man doesnt want to lend his notes to the woman.D. Professor Wangs class was dull and boring.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. Servant and hostess.B. Wait
5、ress and customer.C. Doorkeeper and visitor.D. Shop-assistant and customer.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. $50 B. $35 C. $15 D. $20（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He has returned the knife to James.B. His knife is better than James.C. He once borrowed James knife.D. James should mind his own business.（分数：7.10）A.B.C
6、.D.(1).A. To sell local farm products.B. To attract tourists to the town.C. To make money for the hospital.D. To organize activities for the children.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. In a hospital. B. In an auditorium.C. In university buildings. D. In tents.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Sell refreshments. B. Play
7、in a band.C. Work at the auction. D. Collect tickets.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. He thinks it may not be very profitable.B. He feels it would be worthwhile.C. He thinks it mainly for the children.D. He thinks that it will not be so good as expected.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. They do not have parking spaces
8、.B. They are not very spacious.C. They are very expensive.D. They are too close to the campus.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. He already has a good one.B. He prefers not having one at all.C. He prefers to have one who cooks well.D. He has been trying to find one since last semester.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. I
9、t wouldnt be practical.B. He wouldnt enjoy cooking in his own apartment either.C. He would prefer being far from the campus.D. It would be the best choice to solve the problem.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.30)(1).A. Current trends in technological education.B.
10、Benefits for women in state universities.C. Higher education during the Civil War.D. Post-Civil War developments in higher education.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Ten.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. It was not highly developed.B. It was well established.C. It was the same as that availa
11、ble to men.D. It was only available in the northern states.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)(1).A. It prevents sunburn.B. It helps the body to digest food.C. It helps the body to absorb calcium.D. It helps the milk to be absorbed quickly.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Tomatoes.B. Bread.C. Citr
12、us fruit.D. Milk.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Vitamin supplements.B. Ultraviolet rays.C. Ten minutes of exercise each day.D. Eight hours of sleep each night.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：28.40)(1).A. It is harmful to people.B. It is a weak point of shy people.C. It is a good quality.D. It is
13、the cause of unhappiness.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. They can hardly be overcome.B. They have no effect on other people.C. They have a favorable effect on themselves.D. They have an unfavorable effect on other people.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. They are very sensitive to it.B. They are indifferent about it.
14、C. They feel it is not true.D. They feel it confirms their inferiority.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. A realistic person.B. A sensitive person.C. A shy person.D. A reserved person.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter,
15、 more (26) , less afraid of what he doesnt know, better at finding and (27) , more confident, resourceful (机敏的), persistent and (28) than he will ever be again in his schooling or, unless he is very unusual and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and (29) the
16、world and people around him, and without any school-type formal instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and (30) than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the (31) of language. He has discovered itbabies dont
17、 even know that language existsand he has found out how it works and learned to use it (32) . He has done it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, by (33) and seeing whether it works, by gradually changing it and (34) it until it does work. And while
18、 he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, including many of the “ (35) “ that the schools think only they can teach him, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.（分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:
19、_九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)IKEA has a strong and living corporate culture. It has grown step by step, bit by bit, along with our business idea. Our culture and business idea are the cornerstones of our (36) . They support and (37) each other. Our corporate culture
20、 helps us to (38) the spirit and vitality of the early years, and to create a feeling of (39) in a large international organizations. Our corporate culture is what binds us together. Our corporate culture is based on shared valuesa simple and optimistic lifestyle, a natural way of working and being
21、together, without (40) exaggerated respect and complicated regulations.The key value is (41) , as is noticed in the unpretentious (谦逊的) way we associate with each other. There are no status (42) to create barriers between managers and their fellow workers. Keeping our culture alive is the (43) major
22、 task. The best way is to set a good example and care about the employees. To see the person (44) the professional. The success of IKEA rests on the (45) and enthusiasm of individual employees. And a great deal depends on our managers perceptiveness and ability to care.A. imposingB. responsibilityC.
23、 operationsD. symbolsE. sustainF. signsG. belongingH. strengthenI. conventionsJ. movementK. retainL. managementsM. simplicityN. behindO. involvement（分数：35.50）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Depression. Real but TreatableA Depression i
24、s nondiscriminatory (一视同仁), affecting all ages, sexes and races, local health professionals say. It is a diseasenot a weaknessthat consumes the brain of the chemical serotonin, and it rarely goes away by itself. However, people with symptoms of diabetes or other physical problems see their doctors f
25、or treatment. Those with depression more often than not try to duke it our alone, according to southwest Minnesota mental health professionals, who say the anxiety is prevalent in the region. Depression affects more than 19 million Americans annually, according to the National Institute of Mental He
26、alth (NIMH). Yet only one in three people seeks medical treatment.B The Surgeon General estimates that one in five people will experience a depressive episode during their lifetime. “It is much more common than people realize,“ said Johnson, a licensed marriage and family therapist. “Sometimes peopl
27、e get so depressed that theyre unable to function at all, or they become depressed and self medicate with alcohol, and then another problem is created.“ Depression is one of the main reasons people come to the Southwest Mental Health Center. However, far greater numbers rely on family doctors to sor
28、t them out and probably just as many or more go untreated. “They dont want to cross over into the mental health field,“ Johnson said. “They worry about what others will think, or about the cost. Its more difficult in rural areas because everybody knows you and there is a shame of asking for help.“C
29、Females suffer from depression and seek treatment twice as often as males, according to data from the NIMH. Hormones play a role, as do a combination of genetic, psychological and environmental factors. The institute also reports that although depression is associated with an increased risk of coron
30、ary heart disease in both sexes, only men suffer a high death rate.D Treatment takes time. People who do seek help often expect a quick fix, but medication helps the body replace serotonin slowly. It is subtle improvement that you almost have to be watching for, or you have to look back to how you w
31、ere a month ago, or six weeks ago. Improvement comes gradually, as does the disorder. How long it takes depends on how well people can change events in their lives, how they interpret things. It depends on what skills you develop to manage the next stressors that come your way. Many adults will take
32、 antidepressants for the rest of their lives and some wont. With kids, it can be more of a short-term treatment, but again it depends on the intensity and longevity of the disorder.E One of the most common treatments for depression is medication, but different drugs have different effects on differe
33、nt people. Each medication can cause various side effects including, but not limited to, dry mouth, nausea, anxiety, insomnia, dizziness, sexual dysfunction, apathy, heart palpitations, and headaches. Some people may experience several side effects while others experience none. The more recently dev
34、eloped antidepressants typically produce fewer side effects. Usually, side effects dissipate in a few weeks after the body has become adjusted to the medication. Consumers are advised to start at the lowest dosage with small increments over a period of time until improvement is noticed. An antidepre
35、ssants effect may take several weeks before a positive result is noticed.F Psychotherapy or counseling is another common treatment for depression. Oftentimes, medication and psychotherapy are used together for optimum results. Group therapy is another avenue of treatment for people with depression.
36、There are also support groups available to help those with depression. Such groups allow members to openly share their feelings and receive acceptance from other group members. There is no leader (professional of otherwise) to direct such groups and there is no maximum number of sessions that one ca
37、n attend. Some people have also found reading various self-help books to be of benefit in overcoming their depression. And one cannot separate the mind from the body and treat them individually. Instead, a thorough treatment regimen should examine all aspects of a persons life. Sometimes lack of exe
38、rcise is also associated with depression. So depression may be caused by one or combination of factors and can take many forms.G According to Terry Pankow, a licensed independent clinical social worker in Montevideo, the elderly are among the hardest to diagnose because their symptoms often take the
39、 form of physical complaints for which no medical cause or ideology exists. The Centers for Disease Control reports that as many as three out of every 100 people over 65 suffer from clinical depression.H Children and adolescents also are special cases, and they can carry depression into adulthood be
40、fore getting treatment. One of the things that make depression so hard to diagnose or sort out with children is that they dont have the verbal skills, knowledge and sophistication to talk about “I feel sad or this is making me miserable.“ So many times what you see in children is rather than them de
41、scribing their feelings, they act their feelings out in terms of behavior. And so, lots of kids who are labeled as naughty are really depressed.I The NIMH estimates that up to 2.5 percent of children and up to 8.3 percent of adolescents in the U. S. suffer from depression. A study of 9 to 17 year-ol
42、d found that more than six percent experience some depression in any six-month period and nearly five percent have major depression.J Depression affects different age groups and people within each age group differently. It falls into two categories. Endogenous depression comes from a chemical imbala
43、nce within the body, and exogenous depression arises from difficult situations and circumstances. Symptoms include, difficulty concentrating, remembering or making decisions; feeling angry or moody, crying easily or worrying a lot; alcohol or drug use to mask feelings; fatigue or loss of energy; los
44、s of interest in ordinary activities; eating and sleeping disorders; feeling sad, empty or numb; feeling hopeless, helpless, guilty or worthless; thoughts of suicide, suicide plans or attempts; frequent doctor visits without relief in symptoms; all tests negative. Children and adolescents might exhi
45、bit some of the same symptoms, as well as aggression, frustration, marked disobedience, extreme self-consciousness, fluctuating energy levels, a fascination for guns and knives, and a preoccupation with music, movies and literature with death themes. They also might complain about dizziness, headach
46、es, stomachaches and body aches.（分数：71.00）(1).To achieve the best outcomes of treatment, it is advisable to combine medication with psychotherapy.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(2).Depression is most difficult to diagnose in the case of old people because the symptoms might be covered up by physical discomforts.（分
47、数：7.10）填空项 1:_(3).The depression cases in many children are often misdiagnosed as naughty behavior and fail to get timely treatment.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(4).People take antidepressants as a treatment for depression may suffer from various side effects.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(5).As the treatment of depression de
48、pends on a lot of factors, its improvement can be slow and gradual.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(6).Children and adolescents might have the same symptoms such as aggression, frustration and complaint.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(7).People with depression go to see their doctor far less often than people suffering from physical disease
