1、大学四级-1814 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the meaning of “opportunity“ and then explain who should be the real crea
2、tor of the opportunities in a persons life. You should write at least 120 words and no more than 180 words.（分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)(1).A. It is a place where is full of people.B. It is the name of the travel agency.C. It is an interesting place that
3、 people can visit.D. It is a place where people can discover interesting things.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. He is good at learning.B. He loves all the lessons very much.C. He has the confidence in the final exam.D. He has prepared for the final exam for a month.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. It is always the w
4、ife to do the cook. B. The husband loves his wife very much.C. The wife is very angry with her husband. D. This couple always do the cooking together.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. His manager is a strict man. B. He is very confident about himself.C. He is popular among the staff members. D. He is good at
5、acting around his manager.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(5).A. The man is showing himself off. B. The woman is the mans manager.C. The man wants to please the woman. D. The man works hard and saves his time.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. This talk happens in the store. B. The man is busy with working now.C. The man and
6、 the woman are husband and wife.D. The man is going to buy something in the comer store.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. He is late for a long time. B. He is a man with good habits.C. He has come up something bad. D. He is the colleague of the two talkers.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He is against losing weight.
7、B. He thinks the obese people should not eat meat.C. He suggests the obese people to eat less and lose weight.D. He thinks that the obese people should do more exercise.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. He hates watching TV. B. He loves cooking very much.C. He wants to be together with his wife.D. He thinks h
8、e can relax himself through cooking.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. 20. B. 200.C. 180. D. 380.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Because the vacuum cleaner is broken.B. Because she wants the man to leave the kitchen.C. Because she wants the man to do the cleaning.D. Because she does not need the mans help then.（分数：7.1
9、0）A.B.C.D.(1).A. To make a dress. B. To make a skirt.C. To make a cloth. D. To make a suit.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Because it is always fashionable. B. Because it is can be worn for funeral.C. Because it can be worn for wedding. D. All of the above.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Because the left one is mor
10、e expensive.B. Because the left one is not very fashionable.C. Because the woman doesnt like the pattern of it.D. Because the man suggests the woman not to choose the left one.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. They will go to another shop to buy something else.B. They will go the upper floor to find someone e
11、lse.C. They will go to find the tailor and let the fabric made.D. They will go to the tailors home and have a talk with him.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.30)(1).A. Children read less and less when they get older.B. The older children read more than the little c
12、hildren.C. Nowadays, children read more compared with the past.D. Nowadays, parents read more to their children than the past.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. 19 minutes. B. 30 minutes.C. 45 minutes. D. 53 minutes.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The children have more homework to do. B. The education policy affects
13、the reading time.C. The parents read less to the children than the past.D. The prevalence of technology provides the children e-reading.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)(1).A. The good colleagues we meet. B. The location of the company we work in.C. The amount of the salary we get. D. T
14、he good repute of the company we work in.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Make your case with data. B. Speak confidently and professionally.C. Figure out if you actually deserve one. D. Use the phases such “I think“ “If you want“.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. You should leave if you arent given a rise.B. You shoul
15、d ask your colleagues to help you ask for a rise.C. You should ask for a rise based on the objective information.D. You should ask for a rise by calling to your leader but not face to face.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：28.40)(1).A. The coast is the land along a beach. B. The coast is a d
16、angerous place to stay.C. The coast is dynamic, or constantly changing.D. The boundary of the coast is called the coastline.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The coast can provide people with oil.B. The coast can provide people with marine plants.C. The coast can provide people with marine animals.D. The coas
17、t can provide people with marine insects.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The polluted coast is not as beautiful as before.B. The polluted coast becomes smaller than the past.C. The polluted coast is not a good place for the marine life to live.D. The polluted coast cannot provide safe marine plants with peo
18、ple.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. People can enjoy the delicious seafood there.B. People can do some exciting sports such as diving.C. People can see the beautiful scenery and relax themselves.D. People can participate in activities like fishing, boating and swimming.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：
19、71.00)Twenty-four years and two days ago, on a Tuesday morning, the space shuttle Discovery (26) to low Earth orbit from Cape Canaveral, Florida. As NASAs newest eye in the sky, the Hubble Space Telescope, is an (27) which can peer deep into the cosmos and capture the universes inhabitants in exquis
20、ite detail. It had taken (28) of design and planning to get the telescope ready for work. The next day, on April 25, astronauts delivered the telescope to space.Then, scientists eagerly (29) Hubble to start revealing cosmic secrets. We all know what happened next. A flaw in the telescopes (30) mirro
21、r meant the images werent sharp. (31) incredibly faint objects, such as very distant galaxies, wasnt possible. It would be three years before the first of five servicing missions let astronauts correct the defect and (32) Hubbles vision to what it should have been.Since then, though, the Hubble spac
22、e telescope has (33) delighted Earthlings with its breathtaking views of stars, galaxies, and our planetary neighbors. Its impact on science has been no less important. Among other discoveries, Hubble helped scientists determine that the universe is expanding at an (34) rate. This discovery, which h
23、appened in the late 1990s, is something we still cant fully explain.Here, (35) Hubbles 24th launchiversary, are 25 images that might be slightly less familiar. and Ive added one to grow on, just for good measure.（分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Part R
24、eading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Climate change has claimed its latest victim: Limacina helicina, a planktonic, predatory (捕食的) sea snail thats a member of the taxonomic group more (36) known as sea butterflies. (The name is (37) from the wing-like lobes (叶瓣) the tiny creatures
25、use to get around.) In a study (38) published in journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B, a group of scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA. and Oregon State University have found that the Pacific Oceans decreasing pHits acidifying (酸化), in other wordsis dissolv
26、ing L. helicinas thin shells.The researchers collected sea butterfly (39) from 13 sites along the Pacific coast (between Washington and southern California), going over each with a scanning electron microscope. More than half of the shells (53%) from onshore individuals (40) signs of “severe dissolu
27、tion damage,“ while 24% of (41) individuals suffered dissolution damage. The studys (42) investigator, Dr. Nina Bednar （分数：35.50）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Into an Unknown WorldA. Brain chips mean we are struggling to distinguish
28、 our own thoughts from ideas implanted by advertisers. Self-driving cars restrict old-school human drivers to special recreation parks. And the optimal (最佳的) number of fingers is 12.5.B. Confused? Its a vision of the world in 25 years, as dreamed up by todays researchers in computer-human interactio
29、n (CHI).C. CHI normally means investigating better ways for people to interact with devices we have now, but last week attendees at the annual conference in Toronto, Canada, got ahead of themselves. They created an imaginary conference agenda for 2039 that predicts the kinds of challenges we will fa
30、ce with future computersmany of which will be implanted.D. “Its meant to be sort of the fringes (边缘) of humancomputer interaction research, whats really edgy or provocative,“ says Eric Baumer of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, who dreamed up the idea of the conference. “Theres a lot of retro
31、spective thinking about the past, but theres not as much thinking about what are the futures toward which we think were working.“E. We used the abstracts to create a list of the questions weor more accurately, our cyborg descendantsmight have about computers in 2039.Is it weird when my organs talk t
32、o each other?F. In an abstract entitled “My liver and my kidney compared notes“, IBM researcher Michael Muller, based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, looks at what happens when the implanted monitors on peoples internal organsa network he calls Arterionetare able to share data and pool knowledge to off
33、er enhanced health tips.G. His conclusion: “While most users were skeptical, many users proposed additional features that could lead to greater acceptance and compliance with such recommendations.“H. Its worth thinking about how people might deal with health tips from organ monitors. Wearable techno
34、logy that tracks your activity Or your health status is slowly gaining popularity while researchers earlier this year implanted power-generating silicone strips on the hearts, lungs and diaphragms (横膈膜) of live cows, pigs and sheep. Muller says the biggest challenge to creating Arterionet will be fi
35、guring out how to fit the artificial intelligence in a sufficiently small and safe package.Why do plants need their own Facebook, again?I. To understand this question, you need to know about Plantastic, the brainchild of Bill Tomlinson and his colleagues at the University of California at Irvine.J.
36、In their abstract, they reason that to make our food supply more sustainable, it may make sense to grow more fruits and vegetables close to home. But certain crops thrive when theyre grown in large quantities or alongside certain other plantstoo tall an order for the average farmer.K. Enter Plantast
37、ic, which would advise what plants would work best for your area and tell you what people in the neighbourhood are growing. Nanochips on plants would feed data back to the site. That information in turn could be used to learn more about what grows best in which environment.L. Assuming people will wa
38、nt to know whether this adds anything, Tomlinsons team created a fictional (虚构的) study that looks at 10 backyard gardens over two growing seasons. It suggests that using Plantastic will increase yields by 4 to 12 percent.M. Tomlinsons graduate student Juliet Norton is working on an early version of
39、what the online system might look like.Autonomous ears have made driving so boringwhat shall I do instead?N. Andreas Riener at the Institute for Pervasive Computing in Linz, Austria, has written an abstract that starts with a bold view of the future: “The first self-driving car cruised on our roads
40、in 2019. Now, 20 years after, it is time to review how this innovation has changed our mobility behaviour.“O. This vision is rooted in a real trend. Self-driving cars have been making headlines for several years now. They are legal to drive in the state of Nevada, and Googles driverless car has alre
41、ady racked up hundreds of thousands of practice miles.P. Reiners contribution is to explore how this will change us. He predicts that once the robots take the wheel everywhere, many of us will lose interest in driving altogether. Fewer of us will own our own cars. Those who do wont waste as much tim
42、e pimping them out or driving around just for fun. People who still love cars might have to seek their thrills in special “recreation parks“, where they can drive manually in an artificial environment. “If the vehicles of the future are only a means to get from A to B, this car culture would get los
43、t,“ he says.Did I just think up that idea or did an advertiser implant it?Q. Multiple contributors to CHI 2039 ponder the future of brain implants. Whether it involves capturing input from each of our senses or recording neurons (神经元) directly in the brain, they assume that this one is a question no
44、t of if but when. And that could bring opportunitiesand challenges.R. Shachar Maidenbaum of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, envisions devices that could record our day-to-day experiences and then allow us to share our memories with one another, revolutionising courts, classrooms, and our
45、 social interactions.S. Daniel Gruen of IBM Research, meanwhile, envisions devices that could prompt your memory when you forget somethingwith some darker consequences. “Imagine in the future that you have systems that help you with memory,“ he says. “At what point do you start wondering, Wait, Ive
46、had an idea. Is that really mine or is that idea coming from somewhere else?“So, what is the ideal number of fingers?T. Ever strain yourself swiping across your iPhone screen? That problem would go away if you could have an extra thumb surgically (手术地) attached to your hand.U. Thats the starting poi
47、nt for a fictitious study of 124 people who have chosen to augment their hands with bionic (仿生的) fingerson average they have 13.4 digits. Johannes Schning, a computer scientist at Hasselt University in Belgium, even comes to an intriguing conclusion: “The optimal finger count is 12.5, with six norma
48、l-sized fingers on each hand and the dominant hand having an extra half-sized finger that can be moved with 6 degrees of freedom.“V. Its entertaining stuff but even Sch （分数：71.00）(1).In his article, Michael Muller investigates the consequences of Arterionets being capable of sharing information to supply extra strong health advices.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(2).CHI refers to the exploration of better m
