1、大学四级-1809 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Contentment Is the Key to Happiness by commenting on the famous saying, “A great obstacle to happiness is to anticipate too great a happiness. “
2、 You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Contentment Is the Key to Happiness（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：4，分数：70.00)Student Loans Seen as Potential “Next Debt Bomb“Bankruptcy lawyers have a frightening message for America: Theyre seeing the signs of a student loan debt
3、 bubble that is placing increased financial pressure on families struggling with their childrens mounting debt. According to a recent survey by the National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys (NACBA), more than 80 percent of bankruptcy lawyers have seen a substantial increase in the number
4、 of clients seeking relief from student loans in recent years.In most cases, those clients could not meet the federal hardship standards that are necessary to discharge a student loan through bankruptcy proceedings. Instead, many of these parents or guardians who co-signed the student loans face the
5、 prospect of losing their life savings, cars or homes to collection agencies for aggressive private lenders.William Brewer, head of NACBA, has said, “This could very well be the next debt bomb for-the U.S. economy“something similar to the housing mortgage (抵押) loan crisis that triggered the U. S. fi
6、nancial crisis.“Obviously, in the short term, student loan defaults (拖欠) are not going to have the same ripple effect (连锁反应) through the economy that mortgage defaults did,“ Brewer said. “My concern is that the long-term effect may be even graver, because people who need student loans to try to get
7、a higher education or retraining will be unwilling to run the risk of taking out a student loan. “Moodys Analytics has evaluated the chances of a student loan crisis. “Despite its rapid growth even as credit quality weakened dining and after the recession, student lending is not likely to turn into
8、the next crisis,“ it said in a report. The student loan market is one-tenth the size of the residential mortgage market. And more than 90 percent of student loans are federally guaranteed.But the rapid growth of student debt has alarmed some in the financial world and appears as the biggest long-ter
9、m economic problem facing many college graduates and their families today.The amount of student loan debt has skyrocketed in recent years to a total of $ 857 billion. College seniors who graduated with student loans individually owed an average of $ 25,250. An estimated 17 percent of parents whose c
10、hildren go to college take out loans, a 5.6 percent increase than before.Last year, students and families borrowed $104 billion in loans from the Education Department, a 50 percent increase over three years. Private education loans fell by 55 percent in that time, to $ 7.9 billion.A report last year
11、 by the Pew Research Center and the Chronicle of Higher Education warned that public anxiety over college costs is at an all-time high. Moreover, “low income college graduates or those burdened by student loan debt are questioning the value of their degrees,“ saying the cost of college has delayed o
12、ther life decisions, the report said.More than 125,000 people have signed an online petition (请愿书) to protest a $ 50 delay fee that Sallie Mae, the private student loan giant, had been charging borrowers for years whenever they postponed payments on a loan.Stef Gray, a Hunter College graduate from N
13、ew York who has paid $ 300 in delay fees to the company since May, organized the petition drive in hopes of persuading Sallie Mae to drop the fee, just as Bank of America and other financial institutions dropped unpopular fees in the face of Internet protests.Gray, 23, who lives in Brooklyn, has bec
14、ome a symbol of the miserable situation of young Americans saddled with debt. With both her parents passed away, Gray has put herself through school with part-time jobs and three private loans with Sallie Mae.Since graduating in May with a masters degree in geographic information systems, Gray has b
15、een unable to find full-time employment. Instead, she says, she has gotten by with temporary jobs and witnessing. Without a steady income, she says, it has been impossible to make the $ 700 monthly payments on her $ 40, 000 in loans. Nor has she been able to negotiate more favorable terms with Salli
16、e Mac.Every time she delayed a payment on the three loans, Sallie Mac slapped her with a $ 50 fee for each loan.“That may not sound like a lot of money to some,“ she said. “But for me, thats a lot. “ Because of the compounding effect of the interest rate on the unpaid portion of her loan and related
17、 penalties, Gray says, her original $ 40, 000 loan has grown to $ 65, 000.Early in February, Sallie Mac announced it was changing how it would handle the $ 50 fee. The company declined to end the penalty, but said it would apply the money toward the borrowers loan balance after six successive on-tim
18、e payments. Sallie Mac originated $ 2.7 billion in private loans in 2011 alone, or about a third of all private student loans“The economy poses a significant challenge, but the overwhelming majority of our customers are successful in managing their obligations,“ Sallie Mac spokesperson Patricia Chri
19、sten said. “Only 3.5 percent of our private education loans default, and no one benefits in that situation. That is why we work so actively to reach customers and counsel them. “Gray called the policy change a “partial victory“. Gray and other organizers met recently in Washington with Rep. Hansen C
20、larke to call for his support against the Sallie Mac fee. Clarke has introduced a bill that would provide student loan forgiveness as a means of economic stimulation.“They put me in a situation where either I pay this fee or Im faced with default,“ Gray said. “And if I default, I may never be able t
21、o buy a home at all, or rent an apartment again, or buy a car, or get a job, with employers checking credit when hiring. I think its ridiculous that I have to keep upholding credit card companies as much kinder to their debtors than student loan lenders. “Because of changes in the federal law, it is
22、 almost impossible for a graduate or his family to discharge federal or private student loans through bankruptcy. Sallie Mac says it supports reform that would allow federal and private student loans to be dischargeable in bankruptcy for those who have made a good-faith effort to repay their student
23、 loans and still experience financial difficulty.（分数：49.00）(1).What is the frightening message bankruptcy lawyers have for America?A. Bankruptcy has become a good way to protect personal property.B. Students loan debt brings about great pressure on their families.C. Many traditional family businesse
24、s have applied for bankruptcy.D. The government has adjusted the laws concerning bankruptcy.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why cant most students pay the loans through bankruptcy proceedings?A. They dont reach up to the federal hardship standard.B. They cannot find a job in the future if they do so.C. Their p
25、arents are wealthy enough to repay for them.D. Their parents dont want to lose life savings to lenders.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does Moodys Analytics show about a student loan crisis?A. It will probably lead to a great depression.B. Its just the imagination of pessimistic economists.C. Its unlikely
26、 to develop into the next crisis.D. It is definitely the same as the mortgage loan crisis.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What can we learn from the student loan statistics of last year?A. 50% of students borrowed loans through various channels.B. More students turned to the private lenders for student loans.C
27、. Government provided more education loan than private lenders.D. Students tended to take more part-time jobs to repay the loans.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to a report, low income graduates and students in debt are blaming _ for delaying their life decisions.A. fewer job opportunities B. increas
28、ed job requirements C. competitive job marketD. large college expenses（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Stef Gray organized a petition drive online to _.A) force the government to close Sallie Mae C) call for social concern with poor studentsB) push Sallie Mae to reduce the delay fee D) resist loans from private
29、 education lenders（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Stef Gray couldnt repay her monthly loan because _.A. her parents refused to help her with the loanB. she has been out of job for a long timeC. her unsteady income was insufficient for the payD. the private loan company has doubled the interest（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.
30、2.Considering the harm of the delayed payment of student loans, Sallie Mae works actively to _ its customers.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_3.The bill Rep. Hansen Clarke has introduced allows students not to repay loans in order to _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_4.Sallie Mae supports the reform of the federal law for certain s
31、tudents to discharge their loans _ through（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)(1).A. The man lost his room key. B. The man can ask the front desk for help. C. The woman has a spare key for the man.D. The woman locked herself out.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Shel
32、l have pizza. B. She is overweight. C. She is losing weight.D. She is slim now.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The man has a busy schedule today.B. The woman has some time to help the man.C. The woman will give a speech next week.D. The man doesnt need the womans help.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. It is too noisy
33、 to write a novel there. B. It can give him some inspiration. C. It can help the woman write a novel.D. It can contain many people.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. Change his clothes at the fitness center.B. Buy jeans at the fitness center. C. Go home to change his clothes.D. Not wear jeans any more.（分数：7.00
34、）A.B.C.D.(1).A. The math exercise is not too difficult for her.B. The man should cheer up and work harder.C. The man is the only one who has math problem.D. The man should have sweet without sweat.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Go to the English Department for help.B. Dont think too much about her future.C
35、. Grab the opportunity of studying abroad.D. Take the offer from the English Department.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Shell see a horrible movie with the man tonight.B. She has never seen a horrible movie before.C. Shell see another horrible movie with the man.D. Shell never see horrible movies again.（分数：
36、7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. They were landed because of the hurricane.B. They were canceled because of the air traffic.C. They were showing an in-flight movie by now.D. They were flying away from London at 9:30.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(
37、2).A. They are optimistic to wait for the weather to lift.B. They affirm that all flights will take off in a few hours.C. They ask the passengers to wait until the weather is fine.D. They cancel all the flights out of London immediately.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Cancel the conference and inquire the s
38、ituation of the factory.B. Make an appointment with Mr. Chuck in Berlin tomorrow.C. Book another flight out of London tomorrow morning.D. Take good care of the factory in case of flooding.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. Provide m
39、edical care. B. Allow using computers to do exams.C. Update the old buildings.D. Offer wheelchair access to the buildings.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Wheelchairs. B. Elevators. C. New computers.D. Narrow doors.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Special boards. B. Wide doors. C. Electronic lifts.D. Folded beds.（分数：
40、7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. They are mostly smooth roads. B. They are only for wheelchairs. C. They have no wheelchair roads.D. They often have some buses on.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. It is created
41、by some elegant people in todays America.B. It occupies the very top of the American music industry.C. It is an expression unique to a discriminated minority in America.D. It is a cultural form belonging to people who have elegant tastes.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. America shows discrimination towards m
42、inority.B. Americans are more complicated than any others.C. Americans will never agree on the same thing.D. Americans like individualism and success the best.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. It captures the inherent characteristic of America.B. It is an expression of African roots of American culture.C. It
43、is a dominated African culture in American culture.D. It has some elements from Asia and Europe.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. European women first wore it in the 17th century.B. The bigger wig a person wore, the more impo
44、rtant he was.C. The size of a mans wig depended on the size of his head.D. It was used to make fun of a person who felt important.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Expressions that describe an important person.B. False hair worn by important men in Europe.C. The meaning and usage of big wheels.D. The relation
45、ship between top banana and comedy.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. From people who are the head of a company.B. From people who are powerful.C. From people who fix parts of cars and trucks.D. From people who give the orders.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. A soft object shaped like a banana. B. A kind of yellow frui
46、t similar to banana.C. The leading person in a comedy show.D. The best performer in show business.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. Love. B. Television. C. Music.D. Magazine.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Happy life. B. Romantic l
47、ove. C. Their families. D. Special gifts.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Marriage is a family agreement between the two lovers.B. People with good background are free to choose marriage partners.C. Couples should have strong ties with both sets of families.D. Marriage is a private arrangement between the tw
48、o partners.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Often speakers at a meeting dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by (36) the saliva (睡液) in your mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your (37) . Or, press your entire tongue to the (38) of your mo
49、uth and hold it there until the saliva (39) . Or you can imagine that you are (40) a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice, and avoid milk or (41) drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little (42) warm tea or fruit juice.If you (43) that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. Save your voice for your speec
