1、大学四级-1798 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Great Aim Makes Great Men by commenting on the famous saying, “If the highest aim of a captain were to preserve his ship he would keep it in por
2、t forever. “ You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Great Aim Makes Great Men（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：4，分数：70.00)“Would You Like Success with That?“What do Madonna, Brad Pitt, Jay Leno, Sharon Stone, Shania Twain, Jennifer Hudson, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos and Oly
3、mpic medalist Carl Lewis have in common? They all worked in the fast-food industry before becoming famous. Restaurant jobs do offer entrees into many rewarding careers.Madonna worked as a waitress for Dunkin Donuts, and Pitt dressed as a crazy chicken while employed by El Polio Loco. Carl Lewis cred
4、its the work ethic (职业道德) he learned at McDonalds for helping lay a foundation for his career, and Shania Twain says she “learned tons about the meaning of service there. “ Burger King rewarded its former employee, Jennifer Hudson, with free food for life when she mentioned the chain after her Oscar
5、 win for “Dreamgirls“ in 2007.According to the California Restaurant Association, 32 percent of adults received their first job experience in a restaurant. In fact, the restaurant industry is the nations second-largest employer, after government.“Californias restaurants employ 1. 4 million people,“
6、states Kearsten Shepherd, spokeswoman for the CRA. “And one of the things that attract potential employees to the fast-food segment is the flexibility of the job. Its not your basic 9-to-5 workplace. “Serve and LearnTeenagers find fast-food shifts fit in with their schedule, allowing them to work af
7、ter school and on weekends. The quick-service businesses also provide a valuable foundation for those entering the workforce for the first time. Shepherd says most restaurant chains have effective training programs teaching teamwork, money skills, how to interact effectively with other staff members
8、, how to work under pressure, management and, most of all, customer service.“For ambitious employees who are interested in earning and learning more, there are opportunities to move up in the organization,“ she says. “McDonalds produced an ad campaign that profiled successful employees in their stor
9、es. “Shepherd has a few tips for those jumping into the workforce pool for the first time.“When you apply for any job, its important to dress appropriately when you pick up an application and when you return it,“ she advises. “When you drop off a completed application, ask to speak to the manager in
10、stead of leaving it with an employee. Speaking to the man or woman in charge can get you noticed. “According to the California Department of Industrial Relations, all minors under the age of 18 must have a permit to work (available at the students school) and the permit must be renewed annually.Foun
11、dation for the FutureWhen Mateen Rasuli first arrived in the United States from Afghanistan seven years ago, he spoke very little English, but he had big ambition.“I realized I had a language problem, but I needed a job,“ he recalls. “There was a fast-food chain in my New York neighborhoodCrown Frie
12、d Chickenand I applied and landed a job there. “The first week was unpaid training, learning the health department codes, what to wear and how to cook the chicken. He learned fast and his education extended beyond the kitchen.“I basically learned how to speak English there,“ he says. “When I look ba
13、ck at that time, I realize now my job was in a pretty rough neighborhood. But during the ongoing training I also learned about customer service, dealing with stressful situations and, most of all, respect. Drawing on those skills helped a lot when I moved to the front counter and then to cashier. “R
14、asnii stayed at the restaurant for four years, and as his language skills improved, so did his career path. He moved from cashier to shift manager to assistant manager. He still remains in touch with his former co-workers after moving to the West Coast for further development.Experience in that fast
15、-food environment gave him the foundation to move forward with his career. Today he is the manager of a retail store in San Francisco and has plans to start his own business.“Working in that first American job definitely helped me adapt to living in a new country,“ he believes. “Im very grateful to
16、those who took a chance and gave me an opportunity to work and learn. “Super-Size That Job into a CareerVictoria Straschil, senior vice president of human resources at Carls Jr, stresses that working in fast food is just the beginning. “We have around 450 locations in California and our employees ar
17、e the most important commodity we have,“ she says. “They learn that to be a part of a teamyou have to be on time and connect with your co-workers. We want them to understand that the success of our organization depends on their work. A sense of camaraderie (友情) in the workplace is especially importa
18、nt for young people. “Carls Jr. has extensive formal and on-the-job gaining, depending on the skill level of the job and the person. Managers also personalize the training with a development plan, because everyone learns at a different rate and some people require more training than others. In addit
19、ion to healthcare coverage, some of the perks (额外补贴) include flexible work schedules, meal discounts, vacation, sick leave and more.“Many employees find their first job at Carls,“ Straschil reports. “In fact, all of our regional vice presidents started in the restaurants. Our culture is constantly l
20、earning and growing and we have the company infrastructure (基础建设) to support this movement. “Most importantly, employees learn about other career opportunities within the company. They hear about positions in human resources, marketing, operations or finance, and their eyes are opened.According to S
21、traschil, Carls Jr. has the lowest turnover (人员更换) rate in the industry. One reason is that most promotions come from within the company.“College isnt for everyone,“ she contends. “Many dont have the desire to continue a formal education; but the opportunities are unlimited when you work for our com
22、pany. We are always looking for people to promote. “I think the most bankable attribute a future employee can have is enthusiasm,“ she emphasizes. “I just love to see that kind of passion, plus the willingness to accept responsibilities without being asked. That persons success is guaranteed. /（分数：4
23、9.00）(1).What do many celebrities have in common before they rose to fame?A. They played small roles in big movies. B. They worked in fast-food industry. C. They couldnt speak good English.D. Their parents were all immigrants.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What privilege did Burger King extend to Jennifer Hud
24、son for her kind mention?A. Life-long Burger King food for free. B. A permanent reserved seat for her. C. Immediate service without queuing.D. Free publication of all her movies.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to Kearsten Shepherd, jobs at fast-food restaurants seem very attractive because of _.A. th
25、e low requirements for workers B. the competitive working environment C. the relatively high salariesD. the flexible working time（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What did McDonald do to praise its outstanding employees?A. Dress them up with special uniforms. B. Introduce them via an ad campaign. C. Increase the
26、 amount of their bonus.D. Promote them to be vice managers.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the California Department of Industrial Relations, youngsters under 18 must work with _.A. their parents permission B. a school recommendation letter C. an annually renewed work permitD. their local police s
27、tations approval（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).According to Mateen Rasuli, what was his problem in finding a job in the US seven years ago?A. His education background. B. His lack of working experience.C. His language disadvantage.D. His national identity.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).What did Mateen Rasuli do after f
28、our-year work at Crown Fried Chicken?A. He opened a fast-food restaurant in New York.B. He moved to the front counter and then to cashier.C. He pursued personal development in West Coast.D. He set up his own retail store in San Francisco.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.2.Victoria Straschil claims that the employee
29、s work contributes to _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_3.Depending on the skill level of the job and the person, managers have to _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_4.Carls Jr. stresses _ within the company, so many employees dont want to further their education.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，
30、分数：105.00)(1).A. She isnt a worker with enough knowledge.B. She has no passion to do her work.C. She is very busy with counting job.D. She doesnt know the meaning of working.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Do English reading aloud every day. B. Get a “C“ in the English exam. C. Cultivate his interest in the
31、 language.D. Do English speaking every morning.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Call the front desk. B. Go back to the hotel tomorrow. C. Leave his luggage in the hotel.D. Check out in a week.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. The man can check the book about ancient history out.B. The book is not for reading in the li
32、brary but for checking out.C. The man should stay in the library to read the book.D. The book is not about ancient history but about reference.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. The man is sitting in front of a beautiful art work.B. The woman doesnt agree with the man.C. The man thinks the art work is not very
33、 exciting.D. The woman thinks the art work is a big deal.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. Start with more workout. B. Do much exercise every day. C. Try Yoga as many people do.D. Put on weight these days.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. They should go to the cinema. B. They can see a free film. C. They shouldnt go to
34、 the film club.D. They should show a film for free.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Prepare for the examination. B. Go to the party with the man. C. Hold a party tomorrow evening.D. Go to the Students Union.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A.
35、 Because he is too tired to go to the bar.B. Because he has something important to do.C. Because he doesnt enjoy the womans company.D. Because he is shy and doesnt like loud bars.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Business opportunities. B. Lasting customer relationships. C. Improvement of dancing.D. Career pr
36、omotion.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Make public speeches sometimes. B. Care about others judgment. C. Try to practice a lot.D. Go out with her frequently.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. The exact number of participants. B. The prepar
37、ation of the activity. C. The attention to the old.D. The route of the activity.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. They are always not sure whether to go or not.B. They all dont have a good health.C. There are more than 6 people over fifty.D. They should be given special consideration.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. T
38、hey all think its wonderful and reasonable.B. Most of them think its not challenging enough.C. Some of them think it should be more challenging.D. They think they should choose any activity they like.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Pills for carsick. B. Pills for homesick. C. Medicine for heart, disease.D.
39、Traditional pills for headache.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. Scarce skills. B. Immigration. C. Work-life balance.D. Extra payment.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Flexible working. B. Nine-to-five schedu
40、les. C. Work away from the office.D. Part-time working.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. It takes the initiative to keep women workers.B. It likes to show that part-time workers will also become partners.C. It offers extended periods of leave for workers to look after family.D. It suggests flexible working be
41、 carried out in Houston, Texas.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. It is the most recognizable image of the world.B. It is one of the most photographed.C. It is more famous than the pyramids of Egypt.D. It is as popular as the
42、Colosseum of Rome.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The NSW Government. B. Engineers of Egypt. C. Danish architect Jorn Utzon.D. A famous architect from Australia.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The special view from the air. B. The dramatic skyline. C. The “sails“ of the roof.D. The unique interior design.（分数：7.00）A
43、.B.C.D.(4).A. Because of the arguments about cost and the inner design.B. Because of the occurrence of financial crisis.C. Because of the lack of ability in engineering design.D. Because of Jorn Utzons resignation from the project.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the pas
44、sage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. It is about modern womens liberation movement.B. It is mainly about Betty Friedans life.C. It attacked the popular idea about women of the time.D. It helped women gain the right to vote in the 1920s.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Her boyfriend didnt want her to sta
45、y home with her parents.B. Her boyfriend didnt want her to be more successful than him.C. Her boyfriend didnt want to move to New York City with her.D. Her boyfriend didnt like her working as a reporter and editor.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Feminist movement in the United States. B. Advanced research i
46、n psychology. C. Labor union newspapers.D. Modern womens liberation movement.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Happy people tend to talk more than unhappy people, but when they do, it tends to be less small talk and more substance. A group of (36) from the University of Arizona and Washing
47、ton University in St. Louis set out to find whether happy and unhappy people (37) in the types of conversations they tend to have. For their study, volunteers wore an (38) recording device called the Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR) over four days. The device (39) records pieces of sounds as
48、participants go about their lives. The EAR (40) 30 seconds of sounds every 12.5 minutes (41) a total of more than 20, 000 recordings. Researchers then listened to the recordings and (42) the conversations as small talk discussions. In addition, the volunteers completed (43) and well-being assessment
49、s.Heres what the researchers found: The happiest participants spent 25 percent less time alone and 70 percent more time talking than the unhappiest participants. Therefore, (44) and one-third as much small talk as the unhappiest participants. (45) . The researchers think that deep conversations may have the potential to make people happier, (46) .（分数：77.00）(1).Happy people tend t
