1、大学四级-999 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1越来越多的年轻人选择出国留学2你对出国留学的态度以及支持或反对的理由Studying Abroad_（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)The Art of Public SpeakingIf you were to tape-record one of David Lettermans comedy routines, memorize it word for word, and stand u
2、p before your friends to recite it, would you get the same response Letterman does? Not very likely. And why not? Because you would not deliver the jokes as Letterman does. Of course, the jokes are basically funny. But David Letterman bring something extra to the jokeshis manner of presentation, his
3、 vocal inflections, his perfectly timed pauses, his facial expressions, his gestures. All these are part of an expert delivery.No one expects your speech class to transform you into a multimillion-dollar talk show host. Still, this example demonstrates how important delivery can be to any public spe
4、aking situation. Even a common speech will be more effective if it is presented well, whereas a wonderfully written speech can be ruined by poor delivery.This does not mean dazzling delivery will turn a mindless string of nonsense into a triumphant oration. You cannot make a good speech without havi
5、ng something to say. But having something to say is not enough. You must also know how to say it.What Is Good Delivery?Good delivery does not call attention to itself. It conveys the speakers ideas clearly, interestingly, and without distracting the audience. If you mumble (含糊的说) your words, gaze ou
6、t the window, or talk in a dull tone, you will not get your message across. Nor will you be effective if you show off, strike a dramatic pose, or shout in ringing tones. Most audiences prefer delivery that combines a certain degree of formality with the best attributes of good conversationdirectness
7、, facial expressiveness, and a lively sense of communication.Speech delivery is an art, not a science. What works for one speaker may fail for another. And what succeeds with todays audience may not with tomorrows. You cannot become a skilled speaker just by following a set of rules in a textbook. I
8、n the long run, there is no substitute for experience. But take heart! A textbook can give you basic pointers to get you started in the right direction.Methods of DeliveryThere are four basic methods of delivering a speech:(1) reading from a manuscriptCertain speeches must be delivered word for word
9、, according to a well-prepared manuscript. Examples include an engineers report to a professional meeting, or a presidents message to Congress. Absolute accuracy is essential. Every word of the speech will be analyzed by the press, by colleagues, perhaps by enemies. Timing may also be a factor in ma
10、nuscript speeches. Much of todays political campaigning is done on radio and television. If the candidate buys a one-minute spot and pays a great deal of money for it, that one minute of speech must be just right.(2) reciting a memorized textAmong the feats of the legendary orators, none leaves us m
11、ore in awe than their practice of presenting even the longest and most complex speeches entirely from memory. Nowadays it is no longer customary to memorize any but the shortest of speechestoasts, introductions, and the like. If you are giving a speech of this kind and want to memorize it, by all me
12、ans do so. However, be sure to memorize it so thoroughly that you will be able to concentrate on communicating with the audience, not on trying to remember the words. Speakers who gaze at the ceiling or stare out the window trying to recall what they have memorized are no better off than those who r
13、ead dully from a manuscript.(3) speaking impromptu (即兴的)An impromptu speech is delivered with little or no immediate preparation. Few people choose to speak impromptu, but sometimes it cannot be avoided. In fact, many of the speeches you give in life will be impromptu. You might be called on suddenl
14、y to “say a few words“ or, in the course of a class discussion, business meeting, or committee report, want to respond to a previous speaker.(4) speaking extemporaneously (即席的)In popular usage, “extemporaneous“ means the same as “impromptu“. But technically the two are different. Unlike an impromptu
15、 speech, which is totally unexpected, an extemporaneous speech is carefully prepared and practiced in advance. In presenting the speech, the extemporaneous speaker uses only a set of brief notes or a speaking outline to jog the memory. The exact wording is chosen at the moment of delivery.This is no
16、t as hard as it sounds. Once you have your outline and know what topics you are going to cover and in what order, you can begin to practice the speech. Every time you run through it, the wording will be slightly different. As you practice the speech over and over, the best way to present each part w
17、ill emerge and stick in your mind.The Speakers VoiceWhatever the characteristics of your voice, you can be sure it is unique. Because no two people are exactly the same physically, no two people have identical voices. This is why voiceprints are sometimes used in criminal trials as guides to persona
18、l identity. The human voice is produced by a complex series of steps that starts with the exhalation (呼气) of air from the lungs. As air is exhaled, it passes through the larynx (喉) to generate sound. This sound is then made louder and modified as it resonates through the throat, mouth, and nose. Fin
19、ally, the sound is shaped into specific sounds by the movement of the tongue, lips, teeth, and roof of the mouth. The resulting sounds are combined to form words and sentences.Nonverbal CommunicationPosture, facial expression, gestures, eye contactall affect the way listeners respond to a speaker. H
20、ow we use these and other body motions to communication is the subject of a fascinating area of study called kinesics (举止神态的). Studies have shown that in some situations these signals account for much of the meaning communicated by speakers.Answering Audience QuestionsThe question-and-answer session
21、 is a common part of public speaking, whether the occasion is a press conference, business presentation, public hearing, or classroom assignment. Depending on the situation, questioning may take place throughout the presentation, or it may be reserved until after the speaker has completed his or her
22、 remarks. In either case, an answer to a question is often the final word an audience hears and is likely to leave a lasting impression. Effective speakers recognize that the question period can be as important as the speech itself.（分数：70.00）(1).From the passage, we learn that David Letterman _.（分数：
23、7.00）A.is a comedianB.is basically funnyC.is of bad mannerD.is an expert(2).Making a good speech requires the speaker to have something to say and to _.（分数：7.00）A.turn nonsense into triumphB.make sure it is enoughC.know how to say itD.bear the success in mind(3).Though textbooks are important in imp
24、roving speech delivery, in the long run, it can not take the place of _.（分数：7.00）A.rulesB.experienceC.basicsD.pointers(4).Reading from a manuscript is necessary when _.（分数：7.00）A.the speech must be delivered word for wordB.the speech is very well-preparedC.the speech is analyticalD.the speech is on
25、radio and television(5).What does the author say about reciting a memorized text?（分数：7.00）A.It is only customary to memorize the shortest speeches.B.It should be encouraged to do so though it is not customary today.C.Speakers should try to remember all the words all the time.D.It is always better th
26、an reading through the manuscript.(6).The difference between impromptu speech and the extemporaneous speech is _.（分数：7.00）A.the impromptu speech can not be avoidedB.people choose to speak extemporaneouslyC.impromptu speech is delivered with some preparationD.extemporaneous speech is prepared in adva
27、nce(7).What should people do when they have got the outline?（分数：7.00）A.To know what topics they are going to cover.B.To cover the topics in order.C.To begin to practice the speech.D.To stick the outline in their mind.(8).Voiceprints can be used in criminal trials as guides to personal identity becau
28、se everybodys voice is _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).In addition to words, the way listeners respond to a speaker can also be affected by _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).The session the audience most probably hears at last and gives the lasting impression is _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Sec
29、tion A(总题数：3，分数：105.00)A.The secretary was late again.B.The secretary was fired.C.The secretary quit her job.D.The secretary was assigned another job.A.He is missing.B.He fell over.C.He is playing with friends.D.Hes absent-minded.A.The man can book two seats for tonight.B.Seats are available for the
30、 next day.C.King Lear wont be on show tonight.D.King Lear wont be on show the next day.A.Discussing a dinner invitation.B.Talking about a mad dog.C.Freezing the ice for the dinner.D.Waiting for a bus in cold weather.A.Come back to the library at 3:30.B.Complain about not being served.C.Walk around t
31、he library by himself.D.Talk with the woman about the library.A.A well-done portrait.B.An excellent photo.C.An illustration in a book.D.A beautiful scene.A.A strike that has been on for a year.B.The accuracy of economists prediction.C.The present economic situation.D.The mans being too optimistic.A.
32、They are not so smart in math.B.They are good at counting numbers.C.They are the womans responsibility.D.They will make the woman lose her job.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Men who have a sense of humor.B.Men who love to laugh loudly.C.Men who like
33、donkeys.D.Men who feel donkeys are silly.A.The man invites her out to have a dinner.B.The man comes to have dinner at her home.C.They go out to enjoy a jazz concert.D.They have a good conversation over coffee.A.Close friends who talk about almost everything.B.Dating service agent and customer.C.Coll
34、eagues working in the same office.D.Interviewer and Interviewee in a survey.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Because its the easiest way to communicate with other users.B.Because its printed on every card people exchange with others.C.Because everybody
35、s talking about E-mail nowadays.D.Because if you dont have one, you will be out of time.A.It cannot contain any commercial information.B.It may not be of a high level of security.C.You can only use the free E-mail account at home.D.It is difficult to get access to the website with such service.A.Int
36、ernet Explorer.B.The operating system.C.IE and Windows.D.Additional software.A.Print an E-mail address on her card.B.Check her hardware and software.C.Pay the ISP for the E-mail account.D.Try to get a free E-mail account.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have
37、 just heard.（分数：21.00）A.1604.B.Around 1700.C.1750.D.1755.A.Robert Cawdrey.B.John Kersey.C.Samuel Johnson.D.Daniel Webster.A.A complete list of difficult words.B.Contained sentences as examples.C.A 20-volume work.D.Showing word histories.Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard
38、.（分数：28.00）A.70000 hospitals.B.80000 hospitals.C.7000 hospitals.D.8000 hospitals.A.This means that most American doctors would pay the medical bills.B.This means that most American doctors are paid by the government.C.This means that the patient pays for the medical bills.D.This means that the gover
39、nment would pay for the medical bills.A.The different health insurance plans.B.The federal government of USA.C.The wise investment of their money.D.The company they work for.A.Health insurance can greatly lower the risk of individuals.B.Only individuals pay for their health insurance.C.Health insura
40、nce covers everything on the bills.D.There is no time limit for health insurance.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.She worked in a clothing shop not far from home.B.She did experiments not far from her home.C.She stayed at home and designed clothes.D.She bec
41、ame a partner of an old lady.A.After she designed the clothes women wanted.B.When the owner of the shop died.C.When the owner of the shop retired.D.Soon after she worked in the shop.A.Because cheap ones are not comfortable.B.Because she is wearing good clothes.C.Because she wants to show her wealth.
42、D.Because good hotels can bring more customers.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Its amazing that in a modern, huge city like New York, problems with the weather and subway can create complete chaos for millions of New Yorkers. This winter, New York City has been the (36) of many a snow storm. We had one a
43、 couple months ago that dumped about 15 inches of snow on the city. Luckily, that storm (37) over a weekend, so New Yorkers, who were famous for always being out and about, holed themselves in their (38) , only venturing out into the snow for food.The winter has been so (39) Just when we think sprin
44、g has finally arrived, it starts to snow. One day, it may be 60 (40) Fahrenheit, and the next day, it may be below zero with snow and (41) winds! Sometimes the wind and snow make it so cold and unbearable that I feel as if my heart will stop (42) when I go outside. No matter what, when there are (43
45、) changes in weather, and certainly when there is snow, (44) . Everyone I know takes the subway. New York has too many people and is too crowded to drive a car around the city. (45) . So basically, if the subway stops working, I have no way of getting anywhere. (46) .（分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填
46、空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：1，分数：90.00)Think twice next time someone asks you for “five minutes of your time“ it could cost you more than you think. A British professor has (47) a mathematical formula to help people find o
47、ut (48) how much an hour of their time is worth. Professor Ian Walker of Warwick University (49) the value of time after research showed that over 80 percent of (50) would buy more time if they could afford it. “Traditionally, salaries have (51) an indication of how we are valued at work,“ Walker, an (52) professor, said in a statement. “However, by looking at salaries against taxation, the cost of living and (53) variations, we can see how much an hour of our time is worth whether at work or home.“ The formula could hel
