1、大学四级-689 及答案解析(总分：692.01，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1能源短缺问题已经非常严重； 2可以采取节能措解决能源短缺问题； 3你的看法。（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, ch
2、oose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.A Roof over Our HeadsMan has three basic needs: food, clothing, and shelter. If a man lives in a warm climate, clothing is not absolutely necessar
3、y. However, man cannot live without food, and, he has little chance of survival without shelter. Mankind needs shelter to protect him from the weather, wild animals, insects, and his enemies.Long before man learned how to build houses, he looked for natural shelters, as the animals did. He found tha
4、t he could protect himself by climbing up into trees or by crouching under the over-hanging edges of cliffs, or by crawling into caves. The first shelters or homes actually built by man were very simple. For his building materials, he used what he could find easily around him: rocks, tree branches,
5、dried grasses, animal skins. It was a long time, however, before man began to build permanent shelters because, until man learned to farm, he lived by hunting. And, in order to follow game, he had to be able to move from one hunting ground to another. Thus, the first man-made shelters were those tha
6、t could be easily transported.The first permanent shelters were probably built twenty to forty thousand years ago by fish eating people who lived in one place as long as the fish supply lasted. Fish-eaters could stay in one place for several years. However, once man learned to farm, he could live lo
7、nger in one place. Thus, he was able to build a permanent home. Once again, he built his home with the materials he found at hand. In Egypt, for example, wood was scarce, so most houses were built of bricks made of dried mud, with a roof supported by palm tree minks.When the Norsemen came from Scand
8、inavia to northern Europe, they found many forests, so they built homes with a framework of heavy tree thinks and they filled the space between the trunks with clay. The Eskimos, on the other hand, lived in a land where there was little or no wood. They learned to adapt their homes perfectly to thei
9、r surroundings. In the winter time, when everything was covered with snow and ice, the Eskimos built their homes with blocks of ice. When the warm weather came and melted the ice, the Eskimos lived in a tent made of animal skins.The weather is mans worst natural enemy. He has to protect himself from
10、 extremes of heat and cold and from storms, wind and rain.Where the weather is hot and dry, the house is generally made of clay brick. The windows are small and high up, so that the heat stays outside. There is often a flat roof, where people can find a cool place to sleep. In hot, humid areas, on t
11、he other hand, people need to be protected from the rain, as well as the heat. In such places, houses are built with wide, overhanging roofs, balconies or verandas (走廊).Where there are torrential rains, houses are either built on piles to keep them off the ground, or they have steep thatched (草屋顶的)
12、roofs to drain off the rain. People living in the Congo River region have found that steep, heavily-thatched roofs drain off the jungle rains more quickly. Other people in Africa have found that a roof of broad leaves sheds rain quickly.In Borneo, houses are built on high posts to protect people fro
13、m dampness. And there are tribes in Malaya who build their homes in the forked branches of trees, and climb up to their houses on bamboo ladders.In northern countries, people build houses to protect themselves from cold and snow. Their houses are built of sturdy materials, and the roofs are steep, s
14、o that the snow will slide off. There are also overhanging eaves (屋檐) to keep the snow from piling up next to the house. And, in northern Siberia, where snowfall is extremely heavy, the roofs even have a funnel-shaped (漏半状的) platform to protect the chimneys from drifting snow.Protection from danger
15、has also influenced the type of house man builds. When enemies threatened him, man made his house as inaccessible as possible. The tree-dwellers of the Philippines protect themselves by living high above the ground. When danger threatens, they remove the ladders leading to their homes. The cliff dwe
16、llers of the American Southwest built their homes high up on the sides of cliffs, where access was very difficult.Nomad (游牧的) tribes must move from place to place, taking care of flocks of sheep that are always in need of fresh grass. Their houses must be simple and easy to transport. The nomads of
17、central Asia have developed a house made of a framework of poles covered with felt (毛毡). The house is round because the framework is curved. The poles are fastened together at the top with a wooden ring, and there is a hole at the top to let the smoke out.In Europe there are very few wooden houses b
18、eing built today. This is partly because wood is no longer as plentiful as it once was, and partly because wooden houses are quite inflammable (易燃的). On the other hand, there are many wooden houses in America. This is because the first settlers wanted to build houses quickly and inexpensively. Since
19、 the country was covered in many places with forests, some trees had to be cut down to make room for houses.Houses in many cities used to be made of wood. However, since the houses were very close together, fire could easily spread from one house to another. There were disastrous fires in some citie
20、s, such as the great fire of London in 1666. When the burned-out cities were rebuilt, wood was still used for the frames and the roofs, but stones or bricks were used for walls.There are so many people living in some cities that it is often very difficult to find a place to live, and if one does fin
21、d a place it is often too small. And many of the houses are too old and uncomfortable. Just as in prehistoric times, finding a good place to live continues to be one of mans most urgent problems.（分数：70.00）(1).What does the passage focus on?（分数：7.00）A.Mans three basic needs.B.Development of roofs.C.M
22、ans self-protection methods.D.Mans need for housing.(2).Who probably built the first permanent shelters?（分数：7.00）A.Fish-eaters.B.Hunters.C.Lumbermen.D.Farmers.(3).Where do the Eskimos live in winter?（分数：7.00）A.In tents made of animal skins.B.In wooded houses covered by ice.C.In houses made of ice bl
23、ocks.D.In snow-covered hollow tree trunks.(4).Whats the main function of steep thatched roofs?（分数：7.00）A.To keep off extra heat.B.To shed jungle rains.C.To beautify the buildings.D.To show off owners wealth.(5).Why did the cliff dwellers of the American Southwest build their homes so high up?（分数：7.0
24、0）A.To protect themselves from enemies.B.To have a good view of the valley below.C.To get more sunshine and fresh air.D.To escape from the urban noise.(6).What disaster struck London in 1666?（分数：7.00）A.War.B.Earthquake.C.Flood.D.Great fire.(7).What urgent problem do some city-dwellers still have to
25、face now?（分数：7.00）A.Finding a safe place to live in.B.Finding a quiet place to live in.C.Finding a comfortable place to live in.D.Finding a modern place to live in.(8).The first man-made shelters could be easily _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).The Norsemen built homes with _ and filled the space with clay.（分数
26、：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).The house built by Nomads of Central Asia is round because _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：4，分数：105.00)BSection A/BDirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked
27、about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with
28、a single line through the centre.（分数：35.00）A.The studio lost the roll of film.B.He ran out of money to pay for the film.C.The fill hasnt been developed yet.D.He didnt take pictures for lack of film.A.The opportunity is too rare to pass over.B.He should line up for the program as others do.C.He shoul
29、d concentrate on his studies.D.He should consider going together with others.A.The man dare not face Rachel because he refuses to help.B.The man types well but is unwilling to help.C.The man doesnt think he would be of much help.D.The man doesnt have enough time, so he cant help her.A.In a bookstore
30、.B.At a newsstand.C.In the library.D.In the classroom.A.An open door.B.An open discussion.C.Complete secrecy.D.A closed door.（分数：21.00）A.A shop assistant.B.A telephone operator.C.A waiter.D.A postal clerk.A.She doesnt want to lend it out and wont.B.She will lend it next time but not now.C.She rememb
31、ers the last time she lent it to him.D.She will lend it this time, but never again.A.She is full.B.She has problems digesting apples.C.She is afraid there arent enough apples.D.She just wants a small one.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.TV.B.Radio.C.Te
32、lephone.D.Doorbell.A.In the directory.B.On the second floor.C.In the lobby.D.Near the hotel.A.The housekeeper.B.The bell captain.C.The information desk.D.The porter.A.Thank you. I will help to call the doctor.B.Thank you. Enjoy your stay.C.Thank you. But I am afraid I should emphasize again.D.Thank
33、you. You are very smart.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.She wants the job because she is bankrupt.B.She can speak three languages.C.She is 25 years old when she is attending the interview.D.She is a student in N. C. State University.A.Because he is fr
34、om Germany.B.Because the company was established by a German.C.Because German will be needed in their business.D.Because he likes the language of German.A.By e-mail.B.By sending her fax.C.By calling her.D.By visiting her.四、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 shor
35、t passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a si
36、ngle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.By a judge in the local court,.B.By DNA tests.C.By the couples words.D.By the children protection officials.A.Because it is the local custom.B.Because another local couple claimed Baby
37、 81.C.Because other parents were looking for children missing after the disaster.D.Because the couple were going to divorce.A.Later this week.B.Its unclear.C.On December 26th.D.Immediately after he was separated from his parents.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just he
38、ard.（分数：21.00）A.Benjamin Franklins life.B.Lightning electricity.C.The lightning rod.D.The Empire State Building.A.Thirty.B.Forty-eight.C.Seven.D.Thirteen.A.Under a tall tree.B.On top of a building.C.In a closed car.D.Beside a metal pole.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you ha
39、ve just heard.（分数：28.00）A.At the age of 10.B.At the age of 22.C.When he was known as a singing cook.D.After he found a job in New York.A.His father.B.His manager of the country music club.C.A business woman.D.His brother.A.At his fathers construction company.B.On his fathers farm.C.In a record compa
40、ny.D.At a club.A.His ability to make a lot of money.B.His hard work in his early days.C.His first record in June, 1977.D.His sense of responsibility in whatever he did.五、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：76.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the fir
41、st time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For
42、these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a U(36) /U amount
43、 of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which U(37) /U the Pacific Ocean or in a line which U(38) /U from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the U(3
44、9) /U of buildings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from landslides or major fires which are U(40) /U by the quake.There are about a million quakes a year. U(41) /U, however, not all of them are destructive. The U(42) /U of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale, which g
45、oes from 0 upward. The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9. Major damage generally occurs from quakes U(43) /U upwards from 6.0.The actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at or below the earths surface. This is produced by pressure U(44) /U of the earths crust (地壳) and continent
46、al drift.In order to limit the damage and U(45) /U. Special instruments are used to help people record, for example, shaking of the earth. Scientists are trying U(46) /U.（分数：76.01）(1).（分数：6.91）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：90.0
47、0)BSection A/BDirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by
48、 a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. UYou may not use any of the words in the bank more than once./UQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Can money buy happiness? Yes, U(47) /U the authors of a new study-but only up to a point.Psychology has shown that richer people genera
