1、大学四级-249 及答案解析(总分：693.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1有人认为收入差距的存在是合理的 2有人认为收入差距的存在是不合理的 3收入差距对社会的影响 BOn Income Gap/B（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)BHow Executives Deal with the Jobless Time?/BAlthough the economy has improved, a jobless executive may have to face up to
2、a year or more of unemployment. Thats a lot of time, especially for those who are not used to having any free time. While some job seekers spend hundreds of hours discovering daytime television, others seem to thrive on activities that boost their professional careers or resolve family issues when t
3、hey arent working.Having an extended period of free time in the prime of ones life can in fact be a unique opportunity to focus on volunteer service, professional education or personal growth.BCommunity Involvement/BFor Lisa Perez, the wakeup call was burned pork chops. An executive who previously h
4、adnt been particularly interested in home and health had become obsessed with homemaking during a period of unemployment.She realized that cleaning and organizing her home wasnt helping her job search. Nevertheless, “I made lists of 50 things to do every day,“ says Ms. Perez, a political and public-
5、relations consultant in Scottsdale, Ariz. “My house was clean, just so Id have something to do.“One day, her boyfriend didnt arrive on time for dinner because he had to work late, and her pork chops were ruined. She flied into a rage. “Id never been a person like that,“ she says. “So I decided to st
6、op feeling sorry for myself, and go out and do something productive.“Ms. Perez, 35, resolved to become an active volunteer for the duration of her search. She gave her time to a health-care concern, a housing program and a political campaign.The work offered her self-confidence. “Volunteering takes
7、the focus off you. One thing you have thats still valuable is your time. And, of course, you learn that there are thousands of people with a life thats much worse than yours,“ she says.Volunteer assignments are also great ways to meet powerful and well-connected people. Over a six-month period, her
8、volunteering evolved into working as a paid consultant and then as a full-time employee, a job she still holds today. In all, she was unemployed for eight months.Before her job loss, she thought she didnt have time to volunteer while working. “Now, even though I have a demanding job, I still volunte
9、er, because of what I got out of it,“ says Ms. Perez. BContinuing Education/BGene Bellavance, a 36-year-old information-technology project manager, took another route during his unemployment. When he was laid off from a steel company near Cleveland, he knew his immediate prospects were bleak. He exp
10、ected his search to take a year. He faced a decision: take a job that would set back his career or hold out for an offer he really wanted.Mr. Bellavance, single and virtually debt free, shifted his finances into survival mode. He cashed out his pension, sold his house, unloaded things he didnt need
11、at garage sales, and rented an apartment with a roommate. Then, he says, “I signed up for every benefit I could find.“But he wasnt just waiting out the year. He spent the rest of his search updating his skills, including becoming certified in new database and project-management software. “You have t
12、o invest in yourself,“ Mr. Bellavance says. “I estimated what technology was going to be the most beneficial and chose applications that were going to ensure top pay.His job search was one month shy of the full year hed expected. He looked for work during his training and says he would have finished
13、 the certification programs even if hed been hired before completing them.BFamily Matters/BIn addition to pursuing training or volunteering, some displaced careerists use their time off work to attend to family matters. Many executives rediscover their children or find time to help their parents.Sta
14、nford Rappaport held three jobs in San Francisco, including high-tech and teaching positions. When he was laid off from the high-tech job last year, he knew it might take a long time before he could get another post like it. “I was able to do the math,“ says Mr. Rappaport. “The number of people laid
15、 off: huge; and the number of available jobs: little. At the time, I thought it might take two or three years before the tech industry recovered.“Mr. Rappaports remaining job, a part-time faculty position, didnt pay enough to support him. After a couple of months of searching with no results, he dec
16、ided to escape. “My plan,“ he says, “was to get out of an expensive living situation, and either seek work in another section of the U. S. or overseas, for those two years.“Before he found an assignment, his Arkansas-based mother was diagnosed with a serious chronic illness, and he was called into d
17、uty as a son. Mr. Rappaport was able to help his mother get her affairs in order not to interrupt his search by using a San Francisco mail drop and cellphone. “I continued to look for work in California while I was home, helping my mother through this crisis.“ He took his mother to medical appointme
18、nts, made repairs on her house, bought her a better car, and straightened out her legal and financial affairs.Mr. Rappaport stayed in Arkansas for six months. “Its amazing that at this stage I had the opportunity to spend a significant amount of time with my mother and improve her life. Most people
19、never have that opportunity. Im very thankful that I had the chance. It was absolutely worth it,“ he says.One of the unexpected benefits was the huge boost in confidence he gained from his role as caregiver. Hed been feeling depressed and defeated when he left California, but after returning, he fel
20、t renewed. He landed a job with a former employer after returning to San Francisco and remains a part-time faculty member.BDiscovery and Exploration/BInstead of spending time off worrying about your unemployed status, ask yourself: “Is there something Ive always wanted to do but havent because of th
21、e demands of my job?“Felice Fisk, a 29-year-old in Seattle, recently left an account-manager position at a contract-furniture company. During seven months of unemployment, she took an interest in fine-art painting and completed 18 pieces before returning to work. “I found the art work to be really b
22、eneficial,“ she says. Shes now a designer for an interior-design firm.Michael Ross, 42, a former IT administrator in El Cerrito, Calif. , recently spent his 10 months of unemployment playing guitar and exploring his lifelong interest in scriptwriting and the movie business. “After 18 years at my for
23、mer employer and how hard I had worked, I knew I had to recover, to get restored,“ he says. “I looked at this as an opportunity, rather than a penalty. This was very much about clearing space for me.“At the executive level, even a very efficient and successful job search may be quite lengthy. It mak
24、es sense to spend that time in an enriching and productive manner. These job seekers pursued service, continuing education and shoring up family bonds. How youll look back on a period of unemployment depends on what you do with it.（分数：70.00）(1).This passage mainly tells that being unemployed is not
25、all bad.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).Lisa Perez found a new interest in homemaking during the period of unemployment.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).Lisa Perez was always optimistic during the period of her unemployment.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).After she got a new job, Lisa Perez regretted that she had not done volunteering
26、work earlier.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).After losing his job, Mr. Bellavance took many measures to change his lifestyle.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).Before finding his new job, Mr. Bellavance invested in himself and tried his best to learn new skills as many as possible.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).As a teaching faculty in
27、school, Stanford Rappaport may earn enough money to support himself and his family.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).The role as caregiver provided Mr. Rappaport with the benefit of_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Before finding a satisfactory job, Felice Fisk spent his time in developing his interest in_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(1
28、0).Michael Ross spent much unemployment time developing his interest because he regarded this period of time as an opportunity instead of_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.She attended a biology class in
29、 another school.B.She was having a special class activity outdoors.C.She went on a trip to study farming.D.She stayed at her parents farm to help out in the field.A.The woman should wait to buy new clothes.B.The cold weather will probably continue.C.The weather will warm up soon.D.He already has a w
30、arm coat.A.He thinks the woman is wasting her time.B.He thinks the woman should make full use of her time.C.He is eager to know the womans answer.D.He thinks there is no need for the woman to hurry.A.She will help the man later.B.She doesnt want to help him with the homework.C.The man should do the
31、homework himself.D.The man should watch the program first.A.The woman is wrong about when his birthday is.B.He expects to hear from his brother.C.He bought a present for the womans birthday.D.His brother is coming to join his party.A.He knows someone who can get the woman a job.B.Greg and his uncle
32、dont like their jobs.C.Greg got the job only because of his uncle.D.He doesnt know the womans uncle.A.Before dinner.B.During dinner.C.Right after dinner.D.The next day.A.They watched the end of the race.B.Only three of them didnt finish the race.C.Most of them didnt nm in the race.D.They participate
33、d in the last three races.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.She felt embarrassed in class.B.She received a poor grade in her presentation.C.She had not completed her assignment.D.She was unable to attend her psychology.A.Shed be able to leave quickly.B.
34、Shed forget the people around her.C.Shed be able to locate where the man was seated.D.Shed know when her professor arrived.A.They become nervous more easily than women do.B.Theyre uncomfortable performing in front of adults.C.They dont respond to stress well.D.They become nervous less frequently tha
35、n adults do.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.A chemistry assignment.B.A study that their chemistry professor did.C.A class that the woman is taking.D.A job possibility.A.Employ them as lab assistants.B.Teach classes at their high school.C.Help them wit
36、h their studies.D.Pay them for participating in the study.A.She wants to quit her job in the chemistry lab.B.She wants to get practical experience.C.Shes interested in becoming a psychology major.D.She wants to earn extra money.A.Write their lab reports.B.Find out Professor Smiths schedule.C.Intervi
37、ew some high school students.D.Finish their chemistry experiment.四、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)BQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：21.00）A.Their social roles are rigidly determined.B.Most boys would like to follow their fathers professions.C.Boys like to play with
38、their fathers and girls with their mothers.D.They like challenging activities.A.Toys have changed so much over the centuries.B.The technique in toy-making has remained unchanged.C.The technique in toy-making has changed a lot.D.Toys have remained basically the same over the centuries.A.The progress
39、of toys follow a direct line of rising.B.Toys also appeal greatly to adults.C.Toys are not characterized by technological progress.D.Toys reflect the pace of social progress.BQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：28.00）A.It means the year you take off and youll contin
40、ue school with enough money.B.It means the year you have off between high school and college.C.It means the year you have off during your college life.D.It means the year you take off before high school.A.Because they want to travel to broaden their horizon.B.Because they want to explore what they a
41、re interested in.C.Because they need to go back to serve military duty.D.Because they need to recover after twelve years of required education.A.They worry that their children will miss their friends.B.They are worried about their childrens safety when traveling.C.They worry that their children cann
42、ot find their real interest.D.They worry that their children will choose not to go to college.A.It helps students explore their hobbies.B.It provides students with opportunities to do field practice.C.It offers position to students in her company.D.It aims to help students plan the year they take of
43、f.BQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：21.00）A.He was the owner of a tavern.B.He was just a schoolboy.C.He paid his fathers debts.D.The author didnt mention.A.Because he wanted to avoid his fathers punishment.B.Because he hated to go to school.C.Because he wanted to
44、 escape from the boy he fought with.D.Because he wanted to gain his independence.A.He worked a number of unskilled jobs.B.He hunted wild animals.C.He sold guns to earn money.D.He worked for his father.五、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Half a century ago, most people lived inU (36) /Uareas. However, acco
45、rding to the most recent estimateU (37) /Uby the United Nations, more than half of all people will live in cities by 2012, for the first time in history. City life is not always a bad thing, but many experts worry about this process ofU (38) /U. According to a new report from the Worldwatch Institut
46、e, an environmental research group in Washington, it is having a hugeU (39) /Uon human health and theU (40) /Uof the environment. Of the three billion people who live in cities now, about one billion live inU (41) /Usettlements. These are areas of poverty, slums, that generally lack basic services l
47、ike clean water, or evenU (42) /U housing. More than 60 million people are added to cities and theirU (43) /Uareas each year, mostly in slums in developing countries. Molly OMeara Sheehan, the leading researcher of the Worldwatch report, believes thatU (44) /UPolicymakers, she says, need to increase investments in education, health care and other areas.U (45) /U. For example, Freetown in Sierra Leone has established farming within the city limits to meet much of its growing food demands. In Bogota, the capital of Colombia, U(46) /U.（分数：77.00）(1).（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
