1、大学四级-232 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief account of how our education system generally judge students, and then explain why academic achievement isn“t a
2、n adequate way to judge a student. You should write at last 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)（分数：35.50）A.The woman has looked for Harry Potter in several bookstores.B.The woman has found Harry Potter in another bookstore
3、.C.There is no Harry Potter in other bookstores yet.D.Harry Potter may be found in other bookstores.A.A waitress.B.A cashier.C.A security.D.A secretary.A.He wants to pay.B.He doesn“t want to eat out.C.He wants to eat somewhere else.D.He doesn“t like Japanese food.A.At a publishing house.B.At a books
4、tore.C.At a supermarket.D.In Professor Jordan“s office.A.Check the timetable.B.Set off earlier.C.Get on a later flight.D.Cancel the trip.（分数：21.30）A.The smiling faces.B.The big sunshine.C.The unhappy residents.D.The weather.A.Romantic stories.B.Books in the library.C.Love stories.D.Detective stories
5、.A.The man didn“t want the woman to have her hair cut.B.The woman followed the man“s advice.C.The woman is wearing long hair now.D.The man didn“t care if the woman had her hair cut.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Calm.B.Angry.C.Interested.D.Funny.A.Go
6、 to the library.B.Pay the money.C.Go through registration.D.Get a checklist-release card.A.Give up registration and leave.B.Talk to the admissions representative.C.Go to the library immediately.D.Walt until the woman processes his registration.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you hav
7、e just heard. （分数：28.40）A.Doctor.B.Government official.C.Teacher.D.Babysitter.A.He is always ill.B.He is too active.C.He speaks too little.D.He does a bad thing.A.His parents disagree with that.B.His parents can“t be with him.C.His parents think it is unhealthy.D.His parents order him to stay at hom
8、e.A.It is signed by the state government.B.It could raise money from parents.C.It has been drawn up to protect children.D.It could help to fund afternoon programs.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：28.40)Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.They
9、wanted to follow his example.B.They fully supported his, undertaking.C.They were puzzled by his decision.D.They were afraid he wasn“t prepared.A.It is more exciting than space travel.B.It is much cheaper than space travel.C.It is much safer than space travel.D.It is less time-consuming than space tr
10、avel.A.They both attract scientists“ attention.B.They both can be quite challenging.C.They are both thought-provoking.D.They both lead to surprising findings.A.To show how simple the mechanical aids for diving can be.B.To provide reasons for his changeable character.C.To explore the philosophical is
11、sues of space travel.D.To explain why he took up underwater exploration.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Gold was discovered in the city.B.The city“s population grew to twelve thousand.C.The Golden Gate Bridge was constructed.D
12、.Telegraph communications with the East were established.A.It is almost two million.B.It is almost three million.C.It is almost five million.D.It is almost six million.A.It is one mile long.B.It cost 32 million dollars.C.It is the largest in the world.D.It was completed in 1936.七、Passage Three(总题数：1
13、，分数：21.30)Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.300 million.B.3 billion.C.Over 335 million.D.More than 28 million.A.National conflict.B.Agricultural problems.C.Population decrease.D.Economic problems.A.Asking people to use less water in the daily life.B.Finding
14、 ways to use water for more than one purpose.C.Making good use of seawater for dally life.D.Importing fresh water from other countries.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Juice may be tasty, but it“s not really that nourishing. While orange juice is an 1 source of vitamin C, it doesn“t contain a significant
15、amount of other minerals and vitamins. What“s more, 2 juice consumption can cause all kinds of problems. This is especially troubling when you 3 that children are the ones drinking most of the juice in this country. When you drink juice, you“re getting 4 water and carbohydrates (碳水化合物). And if you d
16、rink too much, the high carbohydrate 5 can cause unease. Plus, juice has as many calories as soda, and, like soda, has been linked to the obesity (肥胖) epidemic 6 in our country. Also, for children, juice often 7 milk because it tastes better. Children who don“t drink enough milk are more likely to s
17、uffer from calcium and vitamin D deficiencies, which, in some parts of the country, are in fact 8 . Finally, keeping a juice bottle in your mouth for a long time can promote tooth decay. The key to juice intake is moderation. The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests that children under six should
18、 not drink more than six ounces of juice a day, and that older children shouldn“t drink more than twelve ounces. All children should be 9 to go straight to the source and eat whole fruit, which contains more nourishing 10 than juice, plus other good stuff, like fiber. （分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
19、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Back in the carefree days of the Noughties boom, Britain“s youngsters were swept along by. the buy- now-pay-later culture embraced by consumers up and down the country. During a decade of n
20、ear-full employment, many 1 quickly from one joband one credit cardto another, and rainy days were such a distant memory that they 2 seemed worth saving for. But with the supply of cheap credit 3 tip and a generation of school and university leavers about to 4 the recession-hit job market, thousands
21、 of young people with no memory of the early 1990s recession are shocked into the 5 that the world of 2014 is very different. Katie Orme, 19, who lives in Birmingham, says she has decided never to get a credit card after seeing the problems that her parents and 22-year-old sister have had with debt-
22、jus one of the 6 lessons that she has had to learn. Orme finished her A-levels a year ago, and has been 7 for a job-and living at home with her parentsever since. She has had to sign on to support herself and is now on a 12-week internship (实习期) at the Prince“s Trust to improve her 8 . The Trust say
23、s that the number of calls from 9 people such as Orme has shot up by 50% over six months. “It“s so hard to get a job at the moment,“ she says, “it“s better to go and get more qualifications so when more jobs are 10 you will be better suited.“ A. searching B. skipped C. available D. mostly E. anxious
24、 F. mug G. hardly H. remedy I. realization J. dynamic K. resume L. painful M. neglected N. drying O. flood（分数：35.50）十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Worried about prescription drugs? How to weigh your risk?A. When the pain reliever Vioxx was withdrawn from the worldwide market last September after the an
25、nouncement that it increased patients“ risk of heart attacks and strokes, millions panicked. Suddenly, ads for the drug were replaced with ads looking for Vioxx “victims“. Not only did patients stop taking Vioxx but, doctors say, many people stopped taking their other medicines, toosometimes putting
26、 their health at serious risk. The sometimes-sensationalized headlines didn“t help. People wondered. Should I trust my doctors? Could what I thought would help me actually kill me? Is the drug safety system broken? B. Americans have somehow come to believe they should get the best medical care with
27、the latest remedies with no side effects. But there is no drug that doesn“t have side effects. Peter Corr, head of worldwide research and development for drug manufacturer Pfizer says, “As a society we expect medicine to be perfect. There is no such thing. There is always a risk.“ C. Since there is
28、no such thing as a pill that is completely safe, including aspirin, consumers have to accept the dichotomy (一分为二) that the stone medicines that extend and enhance our lives may hurt us; some of them may merely have minor side effects, while others are able to cause death. So how should you and your
29、doctor proceed? 1. Weigh the risks and benefits of any drug. D. As a smart consumer you must decide whether a drug is “safe enough“ for you. The greater the benefit, the more risk you may be wilting to take. If your illness is mild and not very bothersome, you may decide that any risk is too big and
30、 opt against taking any medications at all. On the contrary, if yore“ illness is serious or potentially life threatening, you may even be willing to try an experimental drug with greater risk for serious side effects. E. Zena McAdams, 59, a regional clergyman in Macon, Georgia, has lived with a cond
31、ition that causes chronic pain for many years. For a long time she took OTC ibuprofen (布洛芬, 一种镇痛非处方), “I mean lots of it,“ she says. In the spring of 2001, her doctor prescribed Vioxx. Taken only once a day, it was “remarkable,“ she says. “I took it every day till it was taken off the market.“ F. Af
32、ter speaking to her doctor, she switched to Celebrex last October. It was also effective in controlling the aches and pains associated with her conditionuntil she heard concerns that it, too, had serious potential side effects. She talked to her doctor, weighed the risks versus the benefits and deci
33、ded that her quality of life was most important. “There is always that nasty feeling about safety,“ she says, “but there is no reason to think that I have any heart problems. The benefits at this point in my life certainly outweigh the risks. Tile drug works. It eases the pain.“ 2. Be especially cau
34、tious about new drugs. G. New drugs are inherently risky. So if you“re taking one, monitor yourself carefully. Have your eating and digestive habits changed? Are you feeling unusually tired or agitated (焦虑不安的)? Have your breathing patterns or skin color changed? If so, call your doctor immediately,
35、who may tell you to stop taking the drug. How does a consumer know that a drug is new? Ask your doctor or pharmacist (药剂 师). If you have a choice between two or more equally effective drugs, choose the one with a longer track record of safety. If you are taking a drug in the same class as one that h
36、as been recalled, it is careful to ask your doctor ff that drug places you at greater risks. 3. Know if you“re in a high-risk group. H. Although scientists still don“t know precisely why, certain individuals have bad reactions to a drug or to a particular dose of a drug, while others don“t. Men m et
37、abolize (新陈代谢) drugs differently than women do, for example. Be especially watchful if you are very young, very old or pregnant. Drugs usually aren“t tested on these groups. “I worry the most about the elderly,“ says Avorn. “They are vastly under-represented in trials of drugs, yet they are the most
38、 likely to be taking the drugs when they are approved.“ 4. Ask the right questions. I. When you get a new prescription, never leave the doctor“s surgery without a clear understanding of why you“re taking the drug, how to take it, and how you“ll know if it“s working. Even ff it makes you a bit uncomf
39、ortable, ask. You are responsible for your own health and safety. “If the doctor doesn“t want to answer questions, you should probably fend another doctor,“ says Avorn. After your visit, if you still have questions, call or e-mail the doctor. Use your pharmacist as an expert consultant for any addit
40、ional concerns you have about the drug or its side effects. J)You can ask the pharmacist for the professional package insert for the drug, says Corr. Although it“s written for health care providers, it includes information on clinical trials and side effects. Also, if there“s been a label change, wi
41、th new information about the drug or any warnings, it will be part of the PPI (保险证明). Or request more consumer-friendly information, which should tell you how to use the drug properly and warn of any precautions. You can also call the drug company“s toll-free number for more information, or go to it
42、s website. 5. Be informed, and follow directions carefully. K. Check that the pills you receive are the correct ones. Errors crop up in the dispensing of medications: It“s easy to confuse products with similar names (for example, Zantac and Xanax). Read the instructions and take your pills exactly a
43、s prescribed. Be alert for expiration dates, and stay attentive to recalls and warnings. Tell your doctor about any other medications you take, either prescribed or OTC (over the counter). Drug interactions can cause serious problems. For example, Posicor, an anti-hypertensive drug (治疗高血压的药), was ta
44、ken off the market because it could cause blood pressure to drop sharply when used with other heart medications. If you fill all your prescriptions at the same store, the pharmacist may be able to warn you of known interactions. L. It is vitally important that patients and their doctors provide feed
45、back to manufacturers and regulators if they have any suspicion of a problem. Then these signals will be known and can be analyzed to see if they are more widespread, which could save lives.（分数：71.00）(1).Among drugs with equal effect, you should choose the one with a longer safety record.（分数：7.10）(2
46、).Information on clinical trials and side effects of a drug can be found in its professional package insert.（分数：7.10）(3).When Posicor is used with other heart medications, it may lead to sharp drop of blood pressure.（分数：7.10）(4).Patients with a minor illness are the least likely to try drugs with se
47、rious side effects.（分数：7.10）(5).If patients and doctors can provide appropriate feedback to drug manufacturers, many lives could be saved.（分数：7.10）(6).Avorn worries about the elderly most because they usually aren“t included in the trials of new drugs.（分数：7.10）(7).Drugs with similar names may result
48、 in errors of medication dispensing.（分数：7.10）(8).According to Peter Corr, every drug has certain kind of side effects.（分数：7.10）(9).For many years, Zena McAdams had to take medicines to control chronic pain.（分数：7.10）(10).It is suggested that we should change the doctor if he/she doesn“t want to answe
49、r the questions about drug usage.（分数：7.10）十二、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)If you ask 20 random graduates to explain why they went to business school, a large majority will list networking as one of the top reasons. Makes sense, too, since the connections one makes in business school can be useful down t
