1、大学四级-222 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose a foreign friend of yours is going to read Chinese lite
2、rature, what is the most popular novel you would like to recommend to him/ her and why? （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)（分数：35.50）A.He should buy comfortable shoes.B.He has already many pairs of shoes.C.He likes sports but is very busy.D.He does not get muc
3、h exercise.A.Write a lab report.B.Hand in a lab report.C.Do an experiment.D.Ask his tutor for help.A.Become a teacher.B.Study business.C.Work part-time.D.Own a restaurant.A.Montreal was beautiful in the winter.B.He liked Montreal most of the time.C.He liked Montreal all year round.D.He did not like
4、Montreal at all.A.In a concert hall.B.At a parking lot.C.At a shopping center.D.On campus.（分数：21.30）A.Get a gift wrapped.B.Pay for a purchase.C.Get a haircut.D.Go to the restroom.A.The woman should stop criticizing him.B.He wants woman to come back home.C.He agrees with the woman.D.He needs the woma
5、n“s help.A.In a friend“s house.B.In a coffee shop.C.At a hotel.D.In a health club.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.He wanted to try different jobs.B.He felt tired of the routine life.C.He longed for a trip around the world.D.He desired to make good mon
6、ey.A.Working in a car factory.B.Working as a robot mechanic.C.Doing many different jobs.D.Selling second-hand bikes.A.People found him humorous and friendly.B.He felt like talking with different people.C.He had a good command of different languages.D.People showed considerable interest in his bike.Q
7、uestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.By reading an advert.B.By checking an email.C.By learning of it from a friend.D.By making a phone call.A.Washing up.B.Waiting tables.C.Tutoring students.D.Answering the phone.A.A free ride.B.An extra pay.C.A free dinner
8、.D.Taxi fares.A.It requires a loud voice.B.It demands quick thinking.C.It offers 3 free meals a day.D.It provides 3.9 pounds an hour.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Earning more than one million dolla
9、rs.B.Having over a third of profits from abroad.C.Becoming quite successful in the world.D.Having the most popular international brand.A.Strengthening investment in new products.B.Unifying different names on their products.C.Selling high-quality electronics.D.Expanding overseas market.A.Working out
10、a new business plan.B.Making a strong marketing strategy.C.Having a strong global brand.D.Producing high-quality products.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.We feel our skin vulnerable to cold weather.B.We feel not so cold as whe
11、n the wind blows.C.We feel colder than the thermometer says.D.We feel hotter than in very cold weather.A.Creating new thermometers.B.Helping people with dressing plans.C.Avoiding skin exposure in cold days.D.Promoting accuracy of weather reports.A.Temperature humidity index is continually rising.B.O
12、ur body“s moisture evaporation system stops working.C.High humidity slows down the moisture evaporation process.D.The heat index is always lower than the air temperature.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：28.40)Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.The electronics market
13、 consists mostly of men.B.Women are consuming more than before.C.New and innovative electronics are being developed.D.People“s shopping habits are changing.A.More and more women have no control of money.B.Women want to have power over decision-making.C.Women are more willing to try the latest produc
14、ts.D.Women are buying more electronic products than men.A.They are more interested in new electronics than men.B.They are struggling for the equality with men.C.They spend more than $50 billion on electronics.D.They have long been ignored by the electronics industry.A.Change women“s spending habits
15、for marketing.B.Create new strategies to attract women customers.C.Promote the new development of their products.D.Study different purchasing power of two genders.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Concrete goals are direct and measurableyou can tell for a fact if they“ve happened. Abstract goals are sugges
16、tive (引起联想的), but still somewhat squishy (湿软的). “Am I there yet?“ you might ask yourself, and not really know. And a new study 1 that we feel happier pursuing concrete goals than abstract goals. People did betterthey felt happier 2 the concrete goals. Much of the effect owes to the fact that those p
17、ursuing a concrete goal had an easier time achieving a reality that 3 their expectations. The quest for the squishy abstract ending, meanwhile, made it vastly harder for people to 4 what kind of effect they could have, and subsequently left many feeling 5 . 6 , when asked to predict how goals would
18、affect them, participants 7 the value of concrete targets. Most of us have missed the value of concrete targets despite the fact that we have seen this 8 in our own lives. Why are we capable of 9 effort at work when facing a deadline yet unable to have a great enthusiasm for an ordinary day? It“s th
19、e difference between the concrete goal of finishing a project and the abstract goal of doing good work. To better achieve both happiness and satisfaction, take the goals that are 10 around in your life right now and make them more concrete. （分数：71.00）填空项 1:_九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Secti
20、on A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)A study published in Nutrition Journal looked at the impact the Western diet and lifestyle have on people“s immune function. It found that the large number of calories in processed and fast food may lead to health problems such as increased inflammation (炎症), 1 control of infecti
21、on, increased rates of cancer, and increased 2 for allergic and auto-inflammatory disease. And we“re not only harming ourselves. The study authors point to research that poor dietary 3 get “encoded“ into both DNA scaffolding (支架) and into the gut microbiome (肠道微生物), meaning that food and lifestyle c
22、hoices can 4 change the balance of bacteria in our bodies and can 5 the immune system. It also means those changes can be passed onto offspring. The study“s author, Dr. Ian Myles, says he was surprised by how heavily gut bacteria determined a child“s health. “Our bodies are a kind of mini-ecosystem,
23、 and anything that 6 our bacteria can alter our health in 7 ways,“ he adds. Myles, a doctor at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said the only way for people to avoid these immune effects is to 8 their diets. “Things that most people knowbut do not feel 9 in their ability to
24、 accomplish right now: eliminate processed sugars; eliminate homogenized fats,“ he said. “I always tell people there“s a big 10 between fat in a piece offish or meat, and eating fat as a part of processed foods.“ A. attentive I. neglected B. choices J. permanently C. confident K. profound D. differe
25、nce L. reduced E. disturbs M. risk F. dully N. specifies G. improve O. weaken H. maintenance（分数：35.50）十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Museum of Fakes for a City of FakesA. Exploding airbags turning dashboards (仪表盘) into broken pieces. Pills called Viagra filled with printer ink and rat poison. U.S. subm
26、arines filled with fake electrical circuits. B. These are just a few of the consequences of the international counterfeit (假冒的) industry displayed at a sobering new exhibit, Counterfeit Crimes: Are You Part of the Black Market? at the popular Crime Museum in Washington D.C. C. Most people think of c
27、ounterfeiting as the fake bags and sunglasses displayed in the streets of cities all around the world, or the piracy versions of games and movies downloaded for little to no cost from illegal websites. In those instances, the companies that make the real productsthe Louis Vuitton bags and sensationa
28、l moviesseem to be the losers. The money they spent on researching, designing, and marketing their goods is lost to a cheaper knockoff (名牌仿制品). D. “Companies aren“t the only ones threatened by counterfeit goods,“ declares Bob Barchiesi of the International Anti-Counterfeiting Coalition, which partne
29、red with the museum for the exhibition. “There“s a public safety aspect that poses a real and present danger.“ E. The impact on public safety is wide-ranging. On a personal level there are drugs and toys that are extremely unsafe. Pfizer“s Viagra, for instance, is one of the most counterfeited drugs
30、 in the world. The reason is obvious: If you order the drug from a website, there is no shame factor. However, the labs used to make these pills aren“t inspected, and the pills themselves are filled with unknown chemicals. INTERPOL reported finding rat poison in counterfeits, while Pfizer in its own
31、 tests has found floor wax. To give Viagra its iconic blue color, the counterfeiters often use printer ink. Potentially just as dangerous, a significant portion of the counterfeit drugs have no active ingredients, which can have serious consequences for patients using these drugs to treat life-threa
32、tening illnesses. In 2008, the drug heparin (肝素) was tied to dozens of deaths after most of the active ingredient was swapped with a counterfeit. According to the FDA website, counterfeit medicines have been linked to everything from Tamiflu, Altuzan, Adderall, weight-loss drugs, and Vicodin. F. Cou
33、nterfeit airbags and brake pads have become more of a problem, as have electrical devices that catch on fire. The NHTSA released a guide of people vulnerable to the airbags, as well as the makes of vehicles that have been affected. The list includes those who have had airbags replaced in the past th
34、ree years at a repair shop not affiliated with a new-car dealership, owners of used cars that have had deployed an airbag prior to purchase, or those who have bought the replacement airbags online, often at low prices. G. One of the scariest tales shared in the exhibit involves the U.S. military. H.
35、 Just this month, a man pleaded guilty to selling thousands of integrated circuits that ended up in the supply chain of contractors for U.S. nuclear submarines. The man had told customers that the chips were made in Europe and had placed fake labels of Motorola, Xilinx, and National Semiconductor on
36、 them, when in fact they were made in Asia. Luckily, the U.S. Navy caught the fraud during testing. I. In a second case, the CEO of a battery distributor was convicted of selling $2.6 million in counterfeit batteries to the Defense Department. The batteries, which were made on-the-cheap and did not
37、actually come from the approved manufacturer, were supposed to back up power on nuclear aircraft carriers and military submarines. Some of the batteries were installed on multiple vessels. J. Located in the former studio of America“s Most Wanted , the exhibition walks visitors through a variety of c
38、ounterfeits, including medication, sports shirts, luxury bags, video games, and children“s toys. What becomes remarkably clear is that, for the casual consumer, it is nearly impossible to tell from a glance the difference between real and fake. One window showing bags from Longchamp, Ugg shoes, and
39、Canada Goose Jackets mixed with their fake doubles captures how tricky the frauds are. K. Rarely has the influence of a museum been so heavily endorsed. Many of the top law enforcement agencies were represented at the exhibit“s opening ceremony, in addition to major pharmaceutical and technology com
40、panies. Much of the discussion focused on hopes that the exhibition will begin to shift public perception about counterfeit goods. L. “The federal government cannot fight counterfeit crime alone,“ explained Deputy Attorney General James Cole, who spoke at the opening. The phrase said repeatedly by m
41、ore than one speaker was that “You can“t arrest or seize your way out of the problem.“ Essentially, as long as consumers are willing to buy counterfeit goods, and don“t think about the broader consequences, the government is limited in its ability to stop their flow. M. The exhibition, therefore, lo
42、oks at the broader effect of the counterfeit industry. Multiple sections explain how the money used to purchase counterfeit goods, while cheaper, ends up in the hands of organized crime. It points out that there are no controls on human trafficking (非法交易) and child labor when it comes to the product
43、ion of the goods. In addition, it makes the argument that these purchases are a societal ill, as they take away much needed tax dollars that could be used to help schools, law enforcement, and or other government programs. New York City alone, the show claims, loses $1 billion in taxes a year to the
44、 counterfeit industry. The exhibition also warns that people who buy these goods are giving their credit and financial information to less-than-wholesome individuals, and often frequenting websites with malware. N. However, the show has one small weakness. Many of the corporations affected by counte
45、rfeiting arouse a widespread lack of sympathy and trust in the general public. While the signs warming of child labor and organized crime are very common, the nearly daily headlines about forced labor or some other scandal in legitimate company supply lines undercuts that message. So too in the medi
46、cine section, where one can“t help but think about the high prices of drugs in the U.S. and laws banning reimportation of drugs from countries where they cost less. O. Despite these issues, the exhibit conveys a powerful message about the impactand even dangerof counterfeit goods. So watch out, Cana
47、l Street vendors, you may be getting an earful about your fakes from your former customers in the coming months.（分数：71.00）(1).For individuals, counterfeit drugs and toys are exceedingly dangerous.（分数：7.10）(2).It is quite clear that a common consumer is almost unlikely to distinguish between real and
48、 fake products after a quick look.（分数：7.10）(3).Fortunately, the U.S. Navy discovered the fake chips before using them on U.S. nuclear submarines.（分数：7.10）(4).Counterfeit goods pose a real and present danger to public safety according to Bob Barchiesi.（分数：7.10）(5).James Cole explained that it was imp
49、ossible for the federal government to eliminate the counterfeit crime alone.（分数：7.10）(6).General public give little sympathy and trust to many companies influenced by fake goods.（分数：7.10）(7).The Defense Department spent $2.6 million on batteries from a battery distributor, which turned out to be fake products.（分数：7.10）(8).The fake products lead the companies making the real products to lose money, which is spent on researching, designing and marketing.（分数：7.10）(9).Multiple se
