1、大学四级-164 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Urban Waterlogging (内涝 ) following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1如今不少大城市一下雨就出现城市内涝
2、的现象 2出现这一现象的原因 3我对这一现象的看法和建议 On Urban Waterlogging（分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)（分数：35.50）A.The woman still thinks that she speaks pretty good English.B.The woman speaks poor English so people cannot understand her.C.The woman has to improve her spoken En
3、glish.D.The woman does not speak English loudly enough.A.To pay for transportation.B.To make a phone call.C.To do shopping.D.To give them to the woman.A.Wait for Mr. White“s call.B.Make another call later.C.Pay the manager a visit.D.Speak in a louder voice.A.She has been longing to attend Harvard Un
4、iversity.B.She“ll consider the man“s suggestion carefully.C.She has finished her project with Dr. Garcia“s help.D.She“ll consult Dr. Garcia about entering graduate school.A.Listening to the radio.B.Reading a newspaper.C.Watching television.D.Watching a sports game.（分数：21.30）A.They are very rewarding
5、.B.They are too time-consuming.C.They are not helpful at all.D.They are too troublesome.A.She thinks curly hair is very fashionable.B.She is going to attend a special meeting.C.She is going to attend a party tonight.D.She is accustomed to trying different styles.A.He is ashamed of Professor Wang.B.H
6、e will congratulate Professor Wang.C.He will help Professor Wang paint his car.D.He will tell Professor Wang the bad news.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.It was a custom to do so.B.There was flu in the city.C.The pollution was serious.D.Wearing a mask
7、 was popular.A.Natural disasters.B.Large chemical factories.C.Exhaust from vehicles.D.Large amounts of household garbage.A.They care much about the environment.B.The air pollution will disappear gradually.C.Their towns become more pleasant to live.D.It benefits their economy a lot.Questions 12 to 15
8、 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.He closes and opens his eyes too frequently.B.He didn“t have enough sleep last night.C.He has been long staring at the computer screen.D.He has been doing homework about computer for hours.A.Lack of moisture.B.Exposure to radiation.C.La
9、ck of sleep.D.Misuse of medicine.A.Using eye drops.B.Taking breaks.C.Seeing a doctor.D.Keeping eyes opener.A.Get some sleep.B.Do homework till tonight.C.Read articles about eye problems.D.Drink some coffee.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：28.40)Questions 16 to 19 are based on the pas
10、sage you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.Resolve tough social and economic problems.B.Raise the major international challenges.C.Collect different world views together.D.Encourage people to seek happiness.A.It will help to look at the role of governments in culture.“B.It will create a new platform to p
11、rotect environment.C.It will help society to develop and grow.D.It will solve the pressing economic, social and environmental issues.A.Think about how to connect people around the world.B.To attract large number of international talent together.C.Discuss how cultural policy can be enriched.D.To shar
12、e ideas of tackling cultural problems.A.It is organized by Scotland“s government.B.It strengthens friendships among nations.C.It may be the greatest cultural festival.D.It is a unique gathering in the world.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
13、 （分数：21.30）A.How to paint something.B.Who the painter Grand Wood was.C.Why a painting is popular.D.Simple farmers“ living in America.A.Because the design was too strong.B.Because the painting looked like a photograph.C.Because the painting was too simple.D.Because the painting seemed to laugh at far
14、mers.A.The painting was making fun of people.B.The painting was a symbol of the US.C.The painting expressed an understanding of people.D.The painting showed the strength of American farmers.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Al
15、l languages have equal values.B.Some languages need more efforts to learn.C.Some languages are certainly more important.D.English is the most important language worldwide.A.They predominate the English world.B.They are unable to adapt to the competitive world.C.They invest more time in learning a fo
16、reign language.D.They may face a depressing economic future.A.To do business effectively.B.To meet others“ requirement.C.To improve linguistic skills.D.To promote proficiency in English.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)If you wipe a finger across a household surface that hasn“t been cleaned in the last fe
17、w days, chances are you“ll 1 with dust. Look around and you“ll find the stuff everywhere, from the particles 2 in the sunlight to the fine 3 of dirt coating TV screens, bookshelves, and car dashboards. Dust comes from everything and, like death and taxes, you can“t avoid it. When thingsshoes, rocks,
18、 plants, socks, anything at allbegin to 4 , they release tiny pieces of themselves into the air. These 5 bits settle everywhere, and because matter is always coming apart, dust production is a never-ending business. In a typical household, dust 6 mainly of things such as dead insect parts, sheets of
19、 skin, food particles, and pieces of fabric. But not all dust is the product of natural 7 ; we create amazing quantities of dust everyday. For example, a single puff (吸) of a cigarette contains an estimated four billion large dust particles. Industry of all sorts, from the 8 of a piece of wood to la
20、rge-scale steel manufacturing, creates particular kinds of dust. In short, dust is all around, even in the air we breathe. Because its particles are so small, dust is highly 9 . Westward winds regularly blow dust from the Sahara desert across the Atlantic and into the 10 above American coastal towns
21、, where it contributes to some thrilling sunsets. （分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Don“t let vacations or business travel sideline (快退出) your exercise routine. Physical activity is a great wa
22、y to 1 stress and adjust to a new time zone when you“re traveling. Here“s how to get the most out of it: Find fitness-friendly 2 . Call ahead to make sure your hotel or motel has a good fitness facility or at least a place where you“ll feel safe and 3 going for a walk. Take 4 of the local attraction
23、s. Many places offer their own 5 exercise opportunitiestrails through beautiful parks or forests, beach walks, boat rides on the lake, bike rides out of town. Check the travel 6 of your bookstore or look on-line for information before you travel. Be sure to bring along what you“ll need. Walking shoe
24、s, gym shorts, a T-shirt, resistance bandsmake a checklist of all the things you“ll need while you“re away and make sure to 7 it all. Use every opportunity. Too busy to set aside a block of time for 8 ? Look for every opportunity you can to be active. Book a room on the third floor and take the stai
25、rs Walk whenever you canbetween meetings, while you“re waiting at the airport, on your way from here to there. Be 9 . If you“re on a busy business trip, don“t add to the stress by trying to do too much. Spending 10 15 minutes on refreshing walking, along with climbing a few flights of stairs instead
26、 of taking the elevator, should hold you until you get home againand back to your regular routine. A. pack B. realistic C. advantage D. equipment E. identically F. accommodations G. activity H. enjoyable I. oppose J. sketch K. unique L. potential M. section N. relieve O. merely（分数：35.50）十一、Section B
27、(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Are Bad Economic Times Good for Health?A. Most people are worried about the health of the economy. But does the economy also affect your health? It does, but not always in ways you might expect. The data on how an economic downturn influences an individual“s health are surprisingly m
28、ixed. It“s clear that long-term economic gains lead to improvements in a population“s overall health, in developing and industrialized societies alike. B. But whether the current economic downturn will take a toll on your own health depends, in part, on your health habits when times are good. And ec
29、onomic studies suggest that people tend not to take care of themselves in boom timesdrinking too much (especially before driving), dining on fat-filled restaurant meals and skipping exercise and doctors“ appointments because of work-related time commitments. C. “The value of time is higher during go
30、od economic times,“ said Grant Miller, an assistant professor of medicine at Stanford. “So people work more and do less of the things that are good for them, like cooking at home and exercising; and people experience more stress due to the severity of hard work during booms.“ D. Similar patterns hav
31、e been seen in some developing nations. Dr. Miller, who is studying the effects of fluctuating coffee prices on health in Colombia, says that even though falling prices are bad for the economy, they appear to improve health and decrease death rates. When prices are low, laborers have more time to ca
32、re for their children. “When coffee prices suddenly rise, people work harder on their coffee plots and spend less time doing things around the home, including things that are good for their children,“ he said. “Because the things that matter most for infant and child health in rural Colombia aren“t
33、expensive, but require a substantial amount of timesuch as breast-feeding, bringing clean water from far away, taking your child to a distant health clinic for free vaccinations (接种疫苗)infant and child death rates rise.“ E. In this country, a similar effect appeared in the Dust Bowl during the Great
34、Depression, according to a 2007 paper by Dr. Miller and colleagues in The Proceedings bf the National Academy of Sciences . The data seem to contradict research in the 1970s suggesting that in hard times there are more deaths from heart disease, cirrhosis (肝硬化), suicide and murder, as well as more a
35、dmissions to mental hospitals. But those findings have not been repeated, and several economists have pointed out flaws in the research. F. In May 2000, the Quarterly Journal of Economics published a surprising paper called “Are Recessions Good for Your Health?“ by Christopher J. Ruhm, professor of
36、economics at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro, based on an analysis measuring death rates and health behavior against economic shifts and jobless rates from 1972 to 1991. Dr. Ruhm found that death rates declined sharply in the 1974 and 1982 recessions, and increased in the economic recov
37、ery of the 1980s. An increase of one percentage point in state unemployment rates correlated with a 0.5 percentage point decline in the death rateor about 5 fewer deaths per 100,000 people. Over all, the death rate fell by more than 8 percent in the 20-year period of mostly economic decline, led by
38、drops in heart disease and car crashes. G. The economic downturn did appear to take a toll on factors having less to do with prevention and more to do with mental well-being and access to health care. For instance, cancer deaths rose 23 percent, and deaths from flu and pneumonia increased slightly.
39、Suicides rose 2 percent, homicides 12 percent. H. The issue that may matter most in an economic crisis is not related to jobs or income, but whether the slump widens the gap between rich and poor, and whether there is an adequate health safety net available to those who have lost their jobs and insu
40、rance. During a decade of economic recession in Japan that began in the 1990s, people who were unemployed were twice as likely to be in poor health as those with secure jobs. During Peru“s severe economic crisis in the 1980s, infant deaths jumped 2.5 percentage pointsabout 17,000 more children who d
41、ied as public health spending and social programs collapsed. I. In August, researchers from the Free University of Amsterdam looked at health studies of twins in Denmark. They found that individuals born in a recession were at higher risk for heart problems later in life and lived, on average, 15 mo
42、nths less than those born under better conditions. Gerard J. van den Berg, an economics professor who was a co-author of the study, said babies in poor households suffered the most in a recession, because their families lacked access to good health care. Poor economic conditions can also cause stres
43、s that may interfere with parent bonding and childhood development, he said. He noted that other studies had found that recessions can benefit babies by giving their parents more time at home. J. “This scenario (情况) may be relevant for well-to-do families where one of the parents loses a job and the
44、 other still brings in enough money,“ he said. “But in a crisis where the family may have to face huge housing-cost losses and the household income is insufficient for adequate nutrition and health care, the disadvantageous effects of being born in a recession seem much more relevant.“ K. In the USA
45、, there are already signs of the economy“s effect on health. In May, the market research firm Information Resources reported that 53 percent of consumers said they were cooking more than they did just six months beforein part, no doubt, because of the rising cost of prepared foods. At the same time,
46、 health insurance costs are rising. With premiums and co-payments, the average employee with insurance pays nearly one-third of medical costsabout twice as much as four years ago, according to Paul H. Keckley, executive director of the Deloitte Center for Health Solutions. L. In the United States, w
47、hich unlike other industrialized nations lacks a national health plan, the looming recession may take a greater toll. About 46 million Americans lack health insurance, Dr. Keckley says, and even among the 179 million who have it, an estimated 1 in 7 would be bankrupted by a single health crisis. The
48、 economic downturn “is not good news for the health care industry,“ he said. “There may be something positive, but I think this needs pondering.“（分数：71.00）(1).Gerard J. van den Berg noted that recessions can benefit babies born in well-to-do families.（分数：7.10）(2).For the family whose income is not s
49、ufficient for adequate health care, recession has negative effects on the children, rather than benefits them.（分数：7.10）(3).The rise of child and infant death rates in Colombia is usually the result of parents“ lack of time.（分数：7.10）(4).During the economic downturns in 1974 and 1982, death rate decreased dramatically
