1、大学四级-1069 (1)及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.现在人们越来越重视性教育2开展性教育的意义3家庭、学校、社会应该怎么做Sex Education（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：4，分数：70.00)Why DIY?The reasons why people engage in DIY have always been numerous and complex. For some, DIY has provided a rare opportunity f
2、or creativity and self-expression. For others it has been an unwelcome necessity, driven purely by economic considerations. Then there has been a group which feels that a building can never be a home unless it has been altered and modified to reflect a change of occupancy. A final group has traditio
3、nally taken the line that if you want a job done well, you must do it yourself.The same four basic species of DIYers exist today, although these various motives may now overlap very substantially. The perfectionist in search of the good job done well is often also driven by a desire for creativity.
4、There are also two new categories of motive the pursuit of DIY as a leisure activity and DIY as a form of occupational therapy. These, again, overlap with other reasons.DIY as necessityThere is a significant number of young homemakers (38% of our informants) (被 调查者) for whom there is no option but D
5、IY. Their new home, whether bought on a mortgage (抵押借款)which consumes a major slice of their income, or rented at similarly challenging rates, will often require essential rearrangement and even structural repair.Some of these people are reluctant first-time DIYers. They would much prefer to hire pr
6、ofessionals, but cant afford to do so. The majority, however, welcome the opportunity that need has forced upon them to get involved for the first time in the real business of creating a home with all of its unfamiliar physical labour and the learning from scratch of new techniques. In time, many wi
7、ll migrate to one of the other categories of DIYer, continuing to exercise their new found talents and enthusiasm when no longer forced by financial constraints to do so.DIY as territorial markingEven those who have bought a brand new “starter home“, the type which increasingly gains popularity arou
8、nd the edges of our towns and cities, will feel compelled to add personal touches of a less dramatic kind to disguise its otherwise bland and expressionless nature. Putting a “personal stamp on the place“ was one of the most frequently reported motives for DIY, with 72% of sample seeing this as bein
9、g a very important aspect. DIY as self-expressionMany young people today are frustrated artists their latent creative talents just waiting for the chance to reveal themselves. There are also those seeking opportunities for a sense of achievement and personal fulfillment. DIY provided just such oppor
10、tunities for the overwhelming majority of our informants (84%).This sense of creative achievement comes both from the choices made by the first-time DIYer the selection of colors, textures and components to apply to the “canvas“ of the home and from the application of specific skills and techniques.
11、 The manufacturers of DIY materials clearly understand this and now provide a wide range of “arty“ products to fuel creative urges. At the same time, they make the materials themselves much easier to use the DIY equivalent of painting by numbers. Special paint effects, which once required the specia
12、list knowledge and training of the true professional, can now be achieved straight out of the can with a simple brush.DIY as perfection-seekingA large proportion of first-time DIYers (63%) distrust builders and decorators. They feel that most are “cowboys“ and that even the more reputable ones are v
13、ery unlikely to have the same loving attention to detail and care as the DIYer. Some had previously suffered from the alleged bodge of small builders, while others were proud of the fact that no tradesman of this kind had ever set foot in their home.Within this group there were those who were conten
14、t for builders to perform basic or structural work, and to undertake tasks such as plastering (抹水泥) which are beyond the competence of most DIYers, particularly the younger beginners in our sample. The finishing work, however, was something these people kept for themselves the final “perfecting“ of
15、what otherwise would be just a second-rate result.This drive for perfection was also evident among the “strippers“ in this group. The idea of putting wallpaper over existing paper, or even paint on the top of preceding coats, was anathema. Everything needed to be taken back to the bare plaster or th
16、e naked wood before any new decoration could be applied. Some informants recognized that this search for perfection could sometimes go too far: “Its an obsession for me really. Im never happy with anything.“The problem perfectionists face is that progress can be very slow. When perfectionists are ob
17、liged, by nagging or circumstance, to speed things up, other problems can result. DIY as leisure activityFor a significant minority of first-timers (28%), DIY is seen as a novel and entertaining pastime. It is not really work, but something similar to entertainment, shared by both partners and even
18、the children in the case of young families. “Its just great fun“ enthused one of our sample.The idea that DIYing is similar to a trip to the lions of Longleat may seem strange. But for these informants home-making was sufficiently different from, and infinitely preferable to, the dull routines of we
19、ekday work to constitute a weekend break. The results of such activity were rewarding, but probably less so than engaging in the activity itself.DIY as therapy“Its therapeutic, isnt it? Im always in my own little world when Im doing DIY its great.“ So said a young man of 27 in our sample. “For me it
20、s occupational therapy“, said another informant. For them and others it was their way of getting rid of stress after a long day at work a way of switching off and using the repetitive nature of many DIY tasks as a way of relaxing. Others hinted at a similar process, where DIY was almost an end in it
21、self, rather than just a means to achieving a better home. In this sense they were similar to those who saw DIY as a form of leisure, but it was the psychological effects which were emphasized by 18% of our sample.（分数：49.00）(1).Besides the traditional motives of DIY, the new categories of motive inc
22、lude the pursuit of DIY as _.A) self-expression C) a leisure activityB) chances of creativity D) economic necessity（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).To those young homemakers, what does buying a new home on a mortgage mean?（分数：7.00）A.It is the final option they would choose.B.It is as challenging as renting a ho
23、use.C.It costs more money than renting a home.D.It costs even more than food and drinks.(3).Those reluctant first-time DIYers think it preferable to _.（分数：7.00）A.hiring professionals to do the homemakingB.decorating their new home more beautifullyC.finding less expensive decoration materialsD.learni
24、ng new techniques of decoration at school(4).A brand new “starter home“ becomes more and more popular _.A) with young married couples C) as advertisers keep promoting itB) near the urban areas of big cities D) around the border of towns and cities（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).At present, special paint effect
25、s can be achieved by _.A) anyone with a painting machine C) any DIYers with simple toolsB) specially-trained professionals D) a few people with artistic knowledge（分数：7.00）_(6).A large part of first-time DIYers use the term “cowboys“ to refer to _.A) DIY material manufacturers C) professional interio
26、r designersB) builders and decorators D) ambitious and creative DIYers（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Its found that most young DIY beginners are not competent for _.（分数：7.00）A.plasteringB.decoratingC.gardeningD.painting2.“Strippers“ are those people who are driven by the pursuit of _. in DIY.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_3
27、.About twenty-eight percent of the first-timers consider DIY as _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_4.People who take DIY as a form of leisure and those who take DIY as therapy similarly think of DIY as almost _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)A.He does not have a good h
28、earing.B.He has been driving madly for a year.C.He never takes what she says seriously.D.He is always impatient with her.A.He is poor at remembering numbers.B.He cant remember Marys phone number.C.He doesnt know Marys phone number at all.D.He doesnt want to tell her Marys phone number.A.They should
29、go to see the mans father.B.A guy named Tom will go to a new place.C.The woman might go with the man to see his mother.D.Going to see the new kid is the best thing they can do.A.Their first child is very lovely.B.They dont want children for the time being.C.They will start a family as soon as they g
30、et married.D.Mrs. Smith wishes to have children, but her husband doesnt.(5).A) He has done what he shouldnt. C) He has done as much as he could.B) He has done more than enough. D) He hasnt done as much as he could.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
31、（分数：28.00）(1).A) In a library. C) In a bookstore. B) In a school. D) In a publishers office.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.A.Travel.B.Mystery.C.History.D.Poetry.A.She has a copy of one of his books.B.He gave gifts to millions of people.C.He was a very wealthy man in his time.D.Sample of his writing is worth a lot
32、 of money.A.Do some research.B.Sell some of her books.C.Talk to some politicians.D.Sign her name in the book.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Its rather expensive.B.Its too small for the man.C.It has plenty of light.D.It doesnt have many closets.A.Each
33、 renter is given a parking lot.B.Its difficult to find a parking place.C.The renter has to pay to park.D.The renter can use any space in the parking area.A.He is unimpressed by what the woman told him.B.He doubts he can afford it.C.He doesnt think its suitable for him.D.Hes enthusiastic about it.A.T
34、he man paid a lot to join the gym.B.The man has been working too hard.C.The man has improved his physical condition.D.The man has paid off his debts through hard work.A.Margaret wanted to return some magazines to the woman.B.Margaret wanted to lend some magazines to the woman.C.Margaret wanted to bo
35、rrow some magazines from the woman.D.Margaret wanted to get some magazines back from the woman.A.She didnt go to the game.B.She also left the game before it was over.C.Shes also curious about who won the game.D.She was sitting right behind the man at the game.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQu
36、estions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.People dont often eat English food.B.People dont like English food.C.People who travel to Britain eat English food in English home.D.People who travel to Britain dont know much about English food.A.The speaker thinks that we l
37、ive to eat, but not eat to live.B.The speaker doesnt think that we should eat when living.C.The speaker thinks that we eat to live, but not live to eat.D.The speaker thinks that we eat to live and live to eat.A.The criticism of English food by visitors is unfair.B.It is impossible to find good Engli
38、sh food in large towns.C.As well as food people also travel to Britain for shopping and sightseeing.D.If people complain about English food, they will get better food.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Our self-respect.B.Our financial rewards.C.Our
39、 advertising ability.D.Our friendly relationship.A.It is equal to lying.B.It is equal to stealing.C.It is equal to cheating.D.It is equal to advertising.A.Well be very excited.B.Well feel unfortunate.C.Well have a sense of honor.D.Well feel sorry for the clerk.A.How to Live TruthfullyB.Importance of
40、 PeacefulnessC.Ways of Gaining Self-respect ActionsD.Happiness through Honorable ActionsPassage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.How animals react to frightening situations.B.Why mice are particularly fearful animals.C.Whether fearfulness is a genetic
41、trait.D.Why certain animals are feared by humans.A.They fought with the other mice.B.They stayed close to their mothers.C.They ran back and forth constantly.D.They remained close to one wall.A.To show the relationship between fearfulness and environment.B.To give examples of animals that arent fearf
42、ul.C.To compare fear in mammals to fear in other animals.D.To identify the nerves that control fear in certain animals.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)We all suffer from stress. There are many points when there may be (36) stress. Perhaps we feel it at times of (37) , or at times when the amount of work
43、simply seems unbearable, and it may also (38) in your personal life.An engineer will tell you that some stress is (39) for a structure to remain standing. Sometimes the word “stress“ is used to (40) a feeling of being under pressure. This can be a positive thing: pressure can help people to (41) wel
44、l and give a sense of excitement and achievement. However, you need to be concerned about stress if your effectiveness is seriously (42) . This can lead to a number of harmful (43) , either physical or emotional, leading to inability to work effectively.At university, you are concerned about the imp
45、ortance of your results in relation to the career you want to follow. Many students are not altogether clear about how well or badly they are doing, (44) . If one is ignorant, or doubtful, about ones progress, this can be a major cause of anxiety. Of course, too, (45) .Time is also a big element in
46、stress: one may have insufficient time for ones coursework, and sometimes there are deadline clashes, when several assignments have to be completed at around the same time. (46) . For example, the special book one wants to refer to never seems to be available.（分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空
47、项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：1，分数：90.00)Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.During sleep, the fatigue of the body disappears and recuperation (恢复) begins. The tired mind gathers new energy. Once awake, the memory
48、improves, and annoyance and problems are seen in a better (47) .Some adults require little sleep; others need eight to ten hours in every twenty-four. Infants sleep sixteen to eighteen hours daily and, as they grow older, the amount gradually diminishes Young students may need twelve hours; university students may need ten. A worker with a physically (48) job may al
