1、大学四级-1061 及答案解析(总分：710.04，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on whether appearance is important. You should write at
2、least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：3，分数：106.50)Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item. （分数：30.00）A.It suffered a severe system failure at 13,000 feet.B.It was for the Russian Republic of Dagestan.C.It carried
3、 150 people.D.It managed to land down safely.A.Vnukovo and Domodedovo.B.Vnukovo and Dagestan.C.Domodedovo and Vnukovo.D.Domodedovo and Dagestan.Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item. （分数：30.00）A.It is the first of a series of civil rights actions in US.B.It was started from Selm
4、a, Alabama several days ago.C.It lays the foundation for enforcement of federal civil rights laws.D.It was announced by US Secretary of Education Arne Duncan.A.To improve the teaching of English-language learners.B.To better the education of immigrants.C.To entitle every student equal rights to educ
5、ation.D.To find out the reasons of low achievements.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item. （分数：46.50）A.Oxygen.B.Ancient weather.C.Carbon dioxide.D.Temperature.A.Because they belong to different countries.B.Because they compete against each other.C.Because they want to confirm the
6、ir findings.D.Because there are too many pieces of ice for only one team.A.The weather must have been warmer.B.The weather must have been colder.C.The weather had remained almost the same.D.The weather had changed a lot.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Conversation One(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Questions 8 to 11 ar
7、e based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：35.52）A.He wants to become a cook.B.He hopes to go on to graduate school.C.He wants to travel around the world.D.He“d like to work at a hotel.A.History.B.French.C.Computer Science.D.Hotel Management.A.She has a part-time job.B.She received a schol
8、arship.C.Her parents pay for it.D.She is working as a tourist guide.A.At a bakery.B.In a library.C.At a restaurant.D.At a travel agency.六、Conversation Two(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：35.52）A.They are looking for an apartment to live in.B.T
9、hey are discussing living places and children“s education.C.They are complaining about their children.D.They are planning for the next weekend.A.There“s much to do besides work and study.B.It“s convenient for people to go anywhere.C.The natural environment is beneficial to children.D.The countryside
10、 is a perfect place for weekends.A.The children are too young to benefit from city life.B.Even adults themselves cannot go everywhere in the city.C.There is a lot to see and do for children and adults.D.There isn“t a lot to see and do for children.A.She is a full-time housewife.B.She does not care f
11、or her children.C.She used to live in the suburbs in her childhood.D.She will go to a museum next weekend.七、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.They often regret writing poor works.B.Some of them write surp
12、risingly much.C.Many of them hate reading their own works.D.They are happy to review the publishers“ opinions.A.People think in words and sentences.B.Human ideas are translated into symbols.C.People think by connecting threads of ideas.D.Human thoughts are expressed through pictures.A.Most people be
13、lieve we think in symbols.B.Loving our own writing is scientifically-reasonable.C.The writers and critics can never reach an agreement.D.Thinking and writing are different stages of mind at work.九、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A
14、.He was the judge there.B.He wanted some of the fish.C.It took place at his hospital.D.He wanted to help the patient.A.He told the men that both men were completely right.B.He told the men that both men were completely wrong.C.He told the men that each was partly right and partly wrong.D.He told the
15、 men that one man was guiltier than the other.A.All the fish should go to the patient.B.The fish should go to the owner of the boat.C.The fish should be sold to everyone involved.D.Everyone involved should get a third of the fish.十、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：28.40)Questions 22 to 25 are based on the pas
16、sage you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.The history of Industrial Revolution.B.The history of Middle Ages.C.The development of technology.D.The development of advertising.A.By door to door advertising.B.By using symbols.C.By oral announcements.D.By written messages.A.The British.B.The Americans.C.The
17、Romans.D.The Russians.A.During the Industrial Revolution.B.In the Middle Ages.C.After the Second World War.D.After the invention of televisions.十一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Gender equality, is a well-defined by-product of human development. It always 1 to how to fo
18、cus attention on women empowerment. Meanwhile women empowerment confronts challenges 2 in translating the responsibilities to gender equality into action. Gender discrimination is the prime 3 of endemic (地方性的) poverty leading to the widespread HIV. With a 4 to making gender equality a reality as a c
19、ore commitment, women empowerment has to be the stepping stone to sustainable development. HIV/AIDS epidemic is 5 in Africa and mounting all over the world mostly due to gender discrimination, stigmatisation (偏见) and unsafe sex practice. To make the spread of epidemic flagged (使衰退), widening gender
20、gaps must be 6 . Nowadays young women and girls are at a much higher risk than men. According to the findings of surveys and case studies conducted in Africa, young girls are 5-6 times more likely to be 7 by HIV virus than boys. According to the social development specialist and AIDS researcher Moha
21、mmad Khairul Alam, “It should be realised that there is no alternative to develop and enhance life skills of 8 girls and women to cope with epidemic. They may be assisted on the 9 levels to become engaged in grooming their confidence and organised. At the same time, their voices should be allowed to
22、 be heard loud and clear. Thus the collective effort of women is born with the sense or purpose that they will be stirred up to share perceptions improving their 10 to reproductive health related information and services.“ A. abandoned I. inclines B. access J. infected C. breaking K. raging D. comba
23、ted L. source E. competitively M. various F. conservative N. view G. constantly O. vulnerable H. happens（分数：35.50）十三、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)History of American ImmigrationA. Ancient peoples only loosely related to modem Asians crossed the Arctic land bridge to settle in America about 15,000 years
24、ago, according to a study offering new evidence that the Western Hemisphere had a more genetically diverse population at a much earlier time than previously thought. The early immigrants most closely resembled the prehistoric Jomon people of Japan and their closest modem descendants (后代), the Ainu,
25、from the Japanese island of Hokkaido, the study said. Both the Jomon and Ainu have skull (头盖骨) and facial characteristics more genetically similar to those of Europeans than those of mainland Asians. B. The immigrants settled throughout the hemisphere (半球), and were in place when a second migration
26、from mainland Asiacame across the Bering Strait beginning 5,000 years ago and swept southward as far as modem-day Arizona and New Mexico, the study said. The second migration is the genetic origin of today“s Eskimos, Aleuts and the Navajo of the US southwest. The study in today“s edition of Proceedi
27、ngs of the National Academy of Sciences adds new evidence to help settle one of anthropology“s (人类学) most controversial debates: Who were the first Americans? And when did they come? C. “When this has been done before, it“s been done from one point of view,“ said University of Michigan physical anth
28、ropologist C. Loring Brace, who led the team of researchers from the United States, China and Mongolia who wrote the new report. “We try to put together more aspects.“ For decades, anthropologists held that the Americas were populated by a single migration from Asia about 11,200 years agothe suppose
29、d age of the earliest of the elegantly crafted, grooved (带纹路的) arrowheads first found in the 1930s in Clovis, N.M. By the end of the 1990s, however, the weight of evidence had pushed back the date of the first arrivals several thousand years. A site at Cactus Hill, near Richmond, may be 17,000 years
30、 old. In Chile, scientists discovering a 12,500-year-old settlement at Monte Verde have found evidence of a human presence that may extend as far as 30,000 years. But as the migration timetable went on, additional questions have arisen. The 1996 discovery in Kennewick, Washington, of the nearly comp
31、lete skeleton of a 9,300-year-old man with “apparently Caucasoid (高加索人种的)“ features stimulated interest in the possibility of two or more migrationsincluding the possible incoming from Europe. D. The new study attempted to answer this question by comparing 21 skull and facial characteristics from mo
32、re than 10,000 ancient and modern populations in the Western Hemisphere and the Old World. The findings provide strong evidence supporting earlier work suggesting that ancient Americans, like Kennewick Man, were descended from the Jomon, who walked from Japan to the Asian mainland and eventually to
33、the Western Hemisphere on land bridges as the Earth began to warm up about 15,000 years ago at the end of the last Ice Age. E. Brace described these early immigrants as “hunters and gatherers“ following herds of mastodon (乳齿象) first into North America, and eventually spreading throughout the hemisph
34、ere. Because the Northin both Siberia and Canadawas still extremely cold, only a limited number of people could make the trek (长途跋涉) and survive. So immigration slowed, Brace said, for about 10 millennia (一千年). Then, about 5,000 years ago, agriculture developed on mainland Asia, enabling people to g
35、row, store and carry food in more lonely areas. Movement resumed, but the newcomers were genetically Asians“distinct racially“ from the first wave, Brace added. F. The second wave spread across what is now Canada and came southward, cohabiting (同居) with the earlier settlers and eventually creating t
36、he mixed population found by the Spaniards in the 15th century. While many researchers agree on the likelihood of two migrations, both their timing and origin are matters of dispute. Brace“s team suggests that both movements occurred after the last Ice Age began to moderate between 14,000 and 15,000
37、 years ago. G. But University of Pennsylvania molecular anthropologist Theodore Schurr said genetic data in American populations suggest that humans may have been in the Western Hemisphere much earlier25,000 to 30,000 years ago. This would mean that the first wave came before the “ glacial (冰的) maxi
38、mum“ between 14,000 and 20,000 years ago, when the Ice Age was at its fiercest and “human movement was practically impossible,“ Schurr said. “Were there people here before the last glacial maximum?“ he asked. “The suggestion is “Yes“. H. The third wave arose in the American continent around the year
39、 1000, when a small number of Vikings arrived. Five hundred years later, the great European migration began. In some cases, the co-existence of Europeans and Native Americans was peaceful. In other cases, there were cultural clashes, leading to violence and disease. Many people from Africa, however,
40、 were bought here against their will to work as forced labourers in the building of a new nation. As early as 1619, slaves from Africa and the Caribbean were brought to America. Later, 102 English colonist“s (later referred to as the “Pilgrims“) set sail in 1620 on the Mayflower. They landed in Plym
41、outh, Massachusetts. This is generally considered by many to be the “start“ of planned European migration! In 1638, just 18 years after the Mayflower, the Swedes began their migration to America. Unlike the Pilgrim Fathers, the Swedes were not religious opponentsthey were an organised group of colon
42、izers sent by the Swedish Government to establish a colony in Delaware. In 1655, the colony was lost to the Dutch. In the mid-1840s, a wave of Swedish migration began with the landing of a group of migrant (移居的) farmers in New York and continued up to World War I. I. During the colonial era most of
43、the immigrants to the US came from Northern Europe. Their numbers declined during the 1770s, but picked up during the mid-1800s. New arrivals came from several countries, but mostly from Germany and Ireland where crop failures caused many to leave their homelands. Other groups also arrived from the
44、Netherlands, Spain, Italy, the Scandinavian countries, and Eastern Europe.（分数：71.00）(1).The anthropologists“ earlier work believes that the Jomon are the ancestors of Kennewick Man.（分数：7.10）(2).Only small numbers of early immigrants survived in Canada in that the extreme cold weather wasn“t suitable
45、 for their survival.（分数：7.10）(3).According to a study, Jomon people“s facial features have more genetic similarities to Europeans“.（分数：7.10）(4).Cultural clashes made people in the American continent sometimes not co-exist in peace during the third wave of immigration.（分数：7.10）(5).Before the end of t
46、he 1990s, anthropologists held the opinion that the migration from Asia populated the Americas about 11,200 years ago.（分数：7.10）(6).Many Irish people migrated to America because of crop failures in their homeland.（分数：7.10）(7).Many researchers have different opinions about the first two migrations in
47、the aspect of origin and timing.（分数：7.10）(8).The second migration includes the ancestors of today“s Eskimos and the Navajo of the US southwest.（分数：7.10）(9).According to Brace, the new immigrants and the first immigrants are totally different in race.（分数：7.10）(10).According to Theodore Schurr, human
48、movement was impossible during the fiercest period of the Ice Age.（分数：7.10）十四、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)A few years back, the decision to move the Barnes, a respected American art institution, from its current location in the suburban town of Merion, Pa., to a site in Phi
49、ladelphia“s museum district caused an argumentnot only because it shamelessly went against the will of the founder, Albert C. Barnes, but also because it threatened to break a relationship among art, architecture and landscape critical to the Barnes“s success as a museum. For any architect taking on the challenge of the new space, the confusion of moral and design questions might seem overwhelming (势不可挡的). What is an architect“s responsibility to Barnes“s vision of a marvelous but odd coll
