1、大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)A 类研究生英语初赛真题 2008 年(无听力)及答案解析(总分：137.98，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart I Listenin(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.1-30 略（分数：30.00）_二、BPart Vocabula(总题数：15，分数：15.00)2.He cant _ ignorance as his excuse; he should have known what was happening in his own department.（分数：1.00）A.insistB.referC.pleadD.defend3.His fathe
2、r came home to dinner every night, and _ in his life Jack felt that they were a real family.（分数：1.00）A.for the first timeB.firstlyC.at first timeD.at first4.After the robbery, the shop installed a sophisticated alarm system as an insurance _ further losses.（分数：1.00）A.towardsB.forC.fromD.against5.The
3、 bones, tendons and cartilages require a small amount of blood, _ such organs as the kidneys and brain need large amounts of blood.（分数：1.00）A.asB.whileC.becauseD.so that6.Although they usually did their own painting and papering, on this occasion they brought in a firm of _ decorators.（分数：1.00）A.ins
4、ideB.inwardC.interiorD.internal7._ the neighboring street, it would have had to pass through the station barriers, where a collector is always standing.（分数：1.00）A.Had it not been pulled downB.But for bringing it upC.Should it not have been carried down fromD.Had it not been carried down from8.The pe
5、ople around him kept saying _ the drowned man but he went on doing artificial respiration.（分数：1.00）A.it was useless revivingB.there was no use revivingC.there was no use to try to reviveD.it was no use trying to revive9.Although they had only been invited for lunch they _ till suppertime.（分数：1.00）A.
6、stayed outB.stayed onC.stayed upD.stayed off10.When he heard how well the new company was doing, he took a calculated _ and invested all his money in it.（分数：1.00）A.riskB.opportunityC.dangerD.venture11.More and more people are signing up for yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the health and relaxa
7、tion benefits.（分数：1.00）A.takingB.to have takenC.having takenD.having been taken12.In the same area _, with a circular church-so that the devil couldnt find a corner to conceal himself in, or so the locals say.（分数：1.00）A.a village of Bowmore isB.there is a village of BowmoreC.is the village of Bowmor
8、eD.the Bowmores village is13.There are no trips that will make it possible for the tourists to stop everywhere and see _ they want.（分数：1.00）A.all whatB.everything thatC.everything whatD.all which14.More and more people are becoming aware of the dangers facing our planet. _, we still have a lot of wo
9、rk to do before our environment is safe again.（分数：1.00）A.ConsequentlyB.In spite of the fact thatC.Because of thatD.Despite that15.Ray: Have you met the new boss yet? David: No, tell me-whats he like? Ray: Well, I met him this morning and my first impression was very positive. _. and I hear hes got a
10、 great sense of humor. David : Thats great!（分数：1.00）A.He came across as very pleasantB.He has a large officeC.He seems very unfriendlyD.Hes not very sharp16.Customer: I think Ill have the tomato soup to start. _. Waiter: Right. And would you like croutons in your soup? Customer: No, thank you. Waite
11、r: How would you like your steak? Rare, medium or well done?（分数：1.00）A.And Id like some tea.B.And Id also like a steak.C.And perhaps some orange juice.D.And Id like to order now.三、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：5.00)BSection A/BInstructions: There is one passage in this section with 5 questions. For each q
12、uestion, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 46-50 are based on the following passage.Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially a
13、pproved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction room to make offers, or “bids“, for the various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures, and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down“ the goods, for the bidding ends whe
14、n the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a table at which he stands. This is often set on a raised platform called a rostrum.The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin auctio, meaning “increase“. The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils tak
15、en in war; these sales were called sub hasta, meaning “under the spear“, a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often sold “by the candle“: a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made
16、while it stayed alight.Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, hides, skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, spices, fruit and vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and simi
17、lar works of art. The auction rooms at Christies and Sothebys in London and New York are world-famous.An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by prospective buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full detail
18、s, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot“, is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in numerical order; he may wait until he registers the fact that certain dealers are in the room and then produce the lots they are
19、 likely to be interested in. The auctioneers services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible.The auctioneer must know fairly accurately the current market values of the
20、 goods he is selling, and he should be acquainted with regular buyers of such goods. He will not waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also play on the rivalries among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other. It i
21、s largely on his advice that a seller will fix a “reserve“ price, that is, a price below which the goods cannot be sold. Even the best auctioneers, however, find it difficult to stop a “knock-out“, whereby dealers illegally arrange beforehand not to bid against each other, but nominate one of themse
22、lves as the only bidder, in the hope of buying goods at extremely low prices. If such a “knock-out“ comes off, the real auction sale takes place privately afterwards among the dealers.（分数：5.00）(1).The end of the bidding is called “knocking down“ because _.（分数：1.00）A.the auctioneer knocks the price d
23、ownB.the rostrum is knocked downC.the goods are knocked downD.the auctioneer bangs the table with a hammer(2).The Romans used to sell by auction _.（分数：1.00）A.spoilt goodsB.old worn-out weaponsC.property taken from the enemyD.spears(3).The auctioneer may decide to sell the “lots“ out of order because
24、 _.（分数：1.00）A.he sometimes wants to confuse the buyersB.he knows from experience who will want whatC.he wants to keep certain people waitingD.he wants to increase the number of buyers(4).A clever auctioneer encourages _.（分数：1.00）A.knock-out dealsB.rivals to compete for higher pricesC.the seller to m
25、ark the prices of their goods reasonablyD.buyers to be careful in bidding(5).“Knock-outs“ are illegal agreements _.（分数：1.00）A.among the dealers onlyB.between the seller and the auctioneerC.between the auctioneers and dealersD.among the sellers only四、BSection B/B(总题数：4，分数：30.00)Instructions: There is
26、 one passage in this section with 5 questions. Read the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.The idea of a fish being able to generate electricity strong enough to light lamp bulbs-or even to run a small electric motor-is almost unbelievable, but several kinds of fish are abl
27、e to do this. Even more strangely, this curious power has been acquired in different ways by fish belonging to very different families.Perhaps the best known are the electric rays, or torpedoes, of which several kinds live in warm seas. They possess on each side of the head, behind the eyes, a large
28、 organ consisting of a number of hexagonal shaped cells rather like a honeycomb. The cells are filled with a jelly-like substance, and contain a series of fiat electric plates. One side, the negative side, of each plate, is supplied with very fine nerves, connected with a main nerve coming from a sp
29、ecial part of the brain. Current passes from the upper, positive side of the organ downwards to the negative, lower side. Generally it is necessary to touch the fish in two places, completing the circuit, in order to receive a shock.The strength of this shock depends on the size of the fish, but new
30、ly born ones only about 5 centimetres across can be made to light the bulb of a pocket flashlight for a few moments, while a fully grown torpedo gives a shock capable of knocking a man down, and, if suitable wires are connected, will operate a small electric motor for several minutes.Another famous
31、example is the electric eel. This fish gives an even more powerful shock. The system is different from that of the torpedo in that the electric plates run longitudinally and are supplied with nerves from the spinal cord. Consequently, the current passes along the fish from head to tail. The electric
32、 organs of these fish are really altered muscles and like all muscles are apt to tire, so they are not able to produce electricity for very long.The electric catfish of the Nile and of other African fresh waters has a different system again, by which current passes over the whole body from the tail
33、to the head. The shock given by this arrangement is not so strong as the other two, but is none the less unpleasant. The electric catfish is a slow, lazy fish, fond of gloomy places and grows to about 1 metre long; it is eaten by the Arabs in some areas.The power of producing electricity may serve t
34、hese fish both for defence and attack. If a large enemy attacks, the shock will drive it away; but it appears that the catfish and the electric eel use their current most often against smaller fish, stunning them so that they can easily be overpowered.For answers 51-55, markY(for YES) if the stateme
35、nt agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information, given in the passage;NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.（分数：5.00）(1).Some fish produce enough electricity to drive electric motors.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Usually yo
36、u will not get a shock by touching the electric ray in one place only.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The electric plates on the electric eel are supplied with nerves from its brain.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The shock of the electric catfish is more unpleasant than that of the torpedo or electric eel.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_
37、(5).Nowadays people are making full use of these electric fish to light lamp bulbs.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_For answers 56 - 60, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage in a maximum of 4 words.（分数：5.00）(1).The fish that produce electricity belong to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).A torpedos h
38、exagonal shaped cells contain a number of _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).A fully grown torpedo can give a _ than a young one.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The catfishs electric current passes from the _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The electric fish produce electricity mainly for _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_BSection C/BInstructions: In
39、this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.We love them so much that some of us sleep with them under the pillow, yet we are increasingly concerned that
40、we cannot escape their electronic reach. We use them to convey our most intimate secrets, yet we worry that they are a threat to our privacy. We rey on them more than the Interact to cope with modern life, yet many of us dont believe advertisements saying we need more advanced services.（分数：10.00）(1)
41、.What feelings does the writer suggest in the first paragraph about our attitudes to mobile phones?（分数：2.00）_(2).What have mobile phones become according to research about their users?（分数：2.00）_(3).Why do teenagers have such a close relationship with their mobile phones?（分数：2.00）_(4).What can doctor
42、s use third generation mobile phones for in future?（分数：2.00）_(5).What does a recent report claim about the long-term effects of mobile phones?（分数：2.00）_BSection D/BInstructions : In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by
43、 choosing no more than three words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Answers 66 - 70 are based on the following passage.Few would deny that what we see in the media affects the way we think and act. Advertisers, knowing this better than anyone else, pay millions of
44、dollars every year to sell their products. For prime time television advertising in the United States, companies pay up to two million dollars for a single forty-second advertisement.In the competition for audience attention, advertisers will do almost anything they can think of to sell their produc
45、t. A common tactic in commercial advertising is to tie the advertised product to sex or glamour, even when these features do not directly relate to the product. How many times have we seen a pretty woman selling a car? Other ads may make exaggerated claims about the effectiveness of their products.C
46、onsumer complaints about misleading or inappropriate content in advertisements have led to multiple restrictions on advertising. Laws exist in many countries to regulate advertising. In the United States, television advertisements for alcoholic beverages cannot show a person actually drinking the be
47、verage.Restricting advertisers through legislation brings up issues of freedom of speech and individual rights. For this reason, US law makers have tried to avoid passing many laws that might limit advertisers rights. Instead, they have asked the advertising industry to find ways to regulate itself.
