1、大学四级-93 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.自信在学习、工作中的重要作用不言自明。2. 自信完全不同于自负，它是建筑在个人的学识、判断和才智基础之上的。3. 许多学者和职业人士，都强调自信在人生道路山中的关键作用，这对于我们有一定的启示作用。Self-confidence: An Important Factor for Success_（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this part, you will have
2、 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions1-4, markY ( for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG ( for NOT GIVEN) if the informatio
3、n is not given in the passage.For questions 5-10, complete the sentences by either making the best choice or filling in the blank with the information given in the passage.Discovery by AccidentIn the long history of mans inventiveness, discoverers seem to fall into two classes. The first is the inge
4、nious person who sets out to find the solution to a problem. The second is the lucky one who appears to stumble upon something by accident.But we should be clear what we mean by “accident. “ For the “accidental“ aspect of many great discoveries is that something unusual has happened when there is an
5、 observant person present who notices what has happened, and sets to work to find out why. The best example of this happened so long ago that no one now can say who was the inventor. Consider the wheel, without which we should have neither clocks nor motorcars, neither airplanes nor steamships.But m
6、en had been making wheels for tens of thousands of years before someone thought of using them to make work easier. Skeletons of people who died fifty thousand years ago were discovered to be wearing little wheels as articles of personal adornment; wheels are painted on their pottery and carved on th
7、eir bone implements. Their children must have played with small wheels, yet thousands of years had to pass before someone thought of making a larger wheel and fitting it to a sled, thus making a cart.During the First World War, Mr. Harry Brearley, a well-known expert in metals, was asked to investig
8、ate the problem of the “pitting“ (凹痕) which spoiled gun barrels after being fired for a certain length of time. In his research, the first thing that Mr. Brearley did was to order a number of barrels to be made of new steel alloys. One of these alloys contained a higher percentage of chromium (铬) th
9、an had ever been used before.A gun barrel was made of this new “chromium steel“ ; but the first shot fired through it broke it into a dozen pieces. So the scraps were thrown on to the waste heap. A week or two afterwards, Mr. Brearley noticed that among the now rusty scraps of metal were a few which
10、 were as bright as when they had left the foundry. These were the broken pieces of the chromium steel barrel. From this accidental discovery developed the enormous benefits of “ stainless steel. “The same desire to find out why lies behind one of the most valuable inventions of all time: that of pen
11、icillin. A culture of deadly bacteria that Dr. Alexander Fleming was experimenting with became mouldy (发霉的) . He noticed that where the mould had formed, the deadly micro- organisms were dying fast. Had he then, he asked himself, found something which would actually kill the bacteria? With the help
12、of some other scientists, he was able to cultivate the mould, which had been identified as Pencillium Notatum (特异青霉). Eventually, that mould was mass produced, and given to the world as the “wonder-drug,“ penicillin.Behind the great rubber industry of today lies a story of one mans search and of his
13、 lucky discovery by accident. Charles Goodyear was an American who had been trying for years to find a way in which rubber could be made to produce a hard, non-sticky, and yet elastic substance. For the trouble is that rubber, in its natural state, is hard when cold and soft and sticky when heated.O
14、ne day, by chance, Goodyear dropped a small piece of molded rubber on to a stove at the same time that a piece of sulphur (硫磺) slipped out of his hand. The smell of burning rubber mixed with burning sulphur was horrible, and he hastily got a knife to scrape the mess from the stove top.Feverishly he
15、scraped away and threw the bits of boiling rubber on to a plate. But when it had cooled down, what a different sort of rubber it was ! It was cold, and yet flexible. It was not sticky, even when it was reheated. Goodyear had invented - by accident - the basic method of preparing rubber for commercia
16、l use. He had invented the process that we now call “ vulcanizing“ (橡胶的硫化) .The pneumatic (充气式) tire had been patented forty years before John Dunlop rediscovered it quite accidentally and through it laid the foundations for his immense rubber empire. Dunlop, a veterinary surgeon, had bought his sma
17、ll son a tricycle. In those days - seventy years ago - tricycles had solid wheels, and the going was rather bumpy for young Master Dunlop.Looking around for some means of cushioning the rider from the shock of an uneven road, Dr. Dunlop wondered what would happen if he cut off a length of rubber gar
18、den hose, just sufficient to encircle a tricycle wheel, closed the ends at the tube, and pumped air into it. ( The tube, of course, was merely tied on to the wheel with cord, at first. ) The idea was an instant success, and Dunlop at once saw the immense possibilities of fitting his “pneumatic“ tire
19、s to tricycles, and bicycles for grownups as well.It is said that Elias Howes wife complained to him that her sawing machine hardly did the job for which it was designed. Howe dreamed one night that a savage was chasing him with a gleaming spear which had a hole in the point. Howe woke up terrified
20、but terribly excited. He had found the answer to the problem of making the lock stitch on a sewing machine, a problem which had bewildered every inventor before. Put the eye in the point of the needle ! There have been improvements since, but Elias Howes basic idea remains the one on which the moder
21、n sewing machine works.The list of discoveries by accident could fill a long book; and remember, most of them happened when somebody asked himself why?（分数：70.00）(1).Most of the “ great discoveries“ in history were more or less made accidentally by lucky people.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).Tens and thousands
22、of years passed before wheels were used to make a vehicle.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).The discovery of stainless steel was the result of years of research by a well-known metallurgist who experimented with barrels made of steel alloys containing different percentages of chromium.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).Charles
23、Goodyear built up the great rubber industry in the U.S. after he had invented a method for making possible the commercial use of rubber.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).Dr. Alexander Fleming was experimenting with a culture of deadly bacteria when he discovered the antibiotic penicillin - a special “mould“ _. A.
24、 he had cultivated all by himself B. he had discovered all by chance C. he had cultivated with the help of some other scientists D. he referred to as “wonder-drug“（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).From this article we know for sure that_. A. Dunlop developed the first practical inflatable tire for a tricycle B.
25、Dunlop was the first person to invent pneumatic or inflatable tires for tricycles and bicycles C. Dunlop gave up his veterinary profession soon after he saw the immense possibilities of fitting the pneumatic tires to bicycles D. Dunlop made great fortune with his invention（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).The so
26、lution to the problem of making the lock stitch on a sewing machine is said to have been inspired by _. A. a related innovation B. a creative suggestion C. a frightening dream D. a piece of folklore（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).The important metallic chemical element in making stainless steel is_.（分数：7.00）填空
27、项 1:_(9).The applicant for the patent of pneumatic tire is_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).“Accidental“ discoveries seem to have been made by chance but there has to be an observant person present who_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Directions: In this section, y
28、ou will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fou
29、r choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer, Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.（分数：35.00）(1). A. Seven-thirty. B. Eight oclock. C. Seven oclock. D. Six thirty.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Go out with Francesca. B. Have
30、some coffee with the woman. C. Stay at home. D. Do his work.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Go fishing. B. Eat in a restaurant. C. Go shopping. D. Buy some fish.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. At a store. B. At a bank. C. At a post office. D. At an airport.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. He thinks Tom has made a good de
31、cision. B. He thinks Tom has too much time to spare. C. Hes very upset. D. He is somewhat surprised.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. On the last page. B. On a page close to the end. C. In the middle of the book. D. On the front page.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. He isnt interested in the news. B. Hes s
32、urprised that the woman knows. C. He was also going to look for a job. D. He thinks that the woman made a mistake.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The mans business trip was successful. B. His train was delayed. C. His journey back from Scotland took him four hours. D. He had little sleep last night.（分数：7.0
33、0）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. He is applying for a job at a summer camp. B. His telephone is out of order. C. He is writing a character reference for Ben. D. He is replying to Bens letter.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Ben would do a bett
34、er job in a restaurant. B. It is not worthwhile to write a reference for Ben. C. Ben will only do the things he enjoys. D. Though a troublemaker, Ben often gets along with children well.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. He is conceited. B. He likes to play practical jokes. C. He hates to do what he dislikes.
35、 D. All of the above.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Peter tries to present a positive reference. B. Peter will give a true picture of Ben in the reference. C. Peter will not write the character reference. D. Ben will get the job at the childrens summer camp.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 23 to 25 are based on
36、 the conversation you have just heard, （分数：21.00）(1). A. An exam. B. A lunch. C. A class. D. A trip.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. His paper due next week. B. The material on the exam. C. His most recent exam grade. D. Not being able to eat lunch.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. To take a nap. B. To study. C. To
37、play football. D. To eat lunch.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear one question, you must choo
38、se the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. To tell a story to a group of students. B. To tr
39、anslate some books. C. To act as an interpreter. D. To give a lecture at a university.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. The students understood him so well. B. The interpreter translated his long story in just a few seconds and made the students laugh loudly. C. The interpreter couldnt understand his story.
40、D. The interpreter translated his amusing story but nobody laughed.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. He told them a different funny story. B. He said to them that a funny story had been told and asked them to laugh. C. He told them some jokes. D. He made a funny face.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage TwoQuestions 29
41、to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Before the Civil War. B. After the Civil War. C. During the Civil War. D. Thirty years ago.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. He cut wood. B. He planted crops. C. He took care of the cows. D. He harvested crops.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Jim
42、fell in love with one of Taylors daughters. B. Jim, whose real name was James A. Garfield, became the President of the USA thirty years later. C. Nobody ever heard of him since he left the farm. D. Taylor threw his things out and drove him away.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are ba
43、sed on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. It launched the Freedom from Smoking campaign. B. It vigorously called upon smokers to quit smoking. C. It made available a new website on the Internet. D. It organized many supporting groups for those who want to quit smoking.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.
44、D.(2). A. To help people quit smoking more effectively. B. To make Freedom from Smoking campaign more popular. C. To introduce some effective ways to quit smoking. D. To help people fight all kinds of lung diseases.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Awareness of the dangers of smoking. B. Steady resolve to qu
45、it. C. Group supporting. D. Professional consultation.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. People who link to the website can ask and answer questions concerned. B. People who link to the website can share experiences with each other. C. The anti-smoking campaign can help individual smokers to design effective
46、ways to quit. D. All of the above.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are requ
47、ired to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information, For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Most workers spend eight or nine hours on the job. They work because its U U 1 /U /U. They need to make enough money for U U 2 /U /U: food, rent, clothing, transportation
