1、大学四级-90 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.在多数学校内，各类课程的测试似乎已取代了一般的正常教学。2. 很多人对此现象提出质疑，但收效甚微；“应试教育”趋势一时很难扭转。3. 测试作为一个教学环节，也并非一无是处；有创见的学生不妨因势利导，将测试作为推动学习的一种手段。A Word about “ Teaching to the Test“_（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this part, you will h
2、ave 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-5, markY(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG ( for NOT GIVEN) if the informa
3、tion is not given in the passage.For questions 6-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Why You Cant Ignore the Changing Climateby Eugene LindenPARADE Magazine ( June 25, 2006)As we learned last year in New Orleans, weather can be a weapon of mass destruction. With the
4、2006 hurricane season now upon us, scientists say the climate is changing in ways that could produce many more super-hurricanes, as well as extreme floods, droughts and heat waves that could threaten our way of life.Still, its easy to ignore the signs of global warming because weve always had crazy
5、weather. Unfortunately, many of the predicted changes have begun, and they already affect our health and pocketbooks. Heres what we know:Look Outside: The Weather Already Is ChangingEvery year since 1997 has been in the Top 10 list of hottest years, and 2005 set a record.The Earth has warmed about 1
6、.4 F since the late 19th century, and the warming has accelerated during the past four decades.That increase sounds small, but it has been sufficient to make weather records fall by the thousands. Studies by Kerry Emmanuel at MIT and others have documented that hurricanes are getting more intense. E
7、xtreme storms like the one that flooded New England with more than 10inches of rain in May are becoming more frequent too. Birds are migrating earlier. Trees are blooming, and flowers and crops are popping up unseasonably early across the country.The warming has produced clear winners: pests. Mosqui
8、toes love the warmer weather and are celebrating by bringing infectious diseases to new places. A recent Duke University study found that increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has led to out-of-control growth of poisonivy (常春藤) , as well as increased levels of allergy-producing pollen (引起过敏的花粉)
9、.Beetle populations have exploded in evergreen trees. Why should we care about beetles? It was beetles that killed the trees in Southern California, which provided the dry fuel for the wild fires that destroyed hundreds of homes in 2003.Higher temperatures also are causing glaciers (冰川) to melt fast
10、. Mount Kilimanjaro (乞力马扎罗山非洲的最高山峰) , for instance, has been topped with ice for at least 11,700years. Within the next 15 years, however, its summit might be ice-free, according to Lonnie Thompson, a glaciologist at Ohio State University. The fastest warming is taking place in the far north, where g
11、laciers are receding. You may think this isnt relevant to those of us farther south, but snow and ice play a big role in balancing Earths climate by reflecting sunlight back into space. Melting snow and ice could push climates everywhere past a tipping point: As the Earth warms, melting snow and ice
12、 expose dark surfaces such as land and oceans, and the switch from heat-reflecting to heat-absorbing surfaces could turbo-charge further warming.Were Making It Worse“Im changing the climate! Ask me how“ reads a bumper sticker that activists have been plastering on SUVs. Their point is that gas-guzzl
13、ers (耗油量大的车) contribute to climate change. In a more sober way, the great majority of scientists are saying the same thing: Burning gas or oil in engines and furnaces has pushed carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere far above where theyve been for hundreds of thousands of years, and the debate has
14、 ended over whether these emissions are making the planet hotter. The Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change, a group of more than 1,500 scientists from 60 countries, asserts that some portion of the recent warming is the result of human activities.Last year, the worlds leading scientific journa
15、l, Science, looked back at all the scientifically credible articles published between 1993 and 2003 that dealt with modern climate change. Not one took issue with the consensus that humans are contributing to the changes we are seeing.A Darkening Financial ForecastChanging weather already costs you
16、money. Of course, many Americans have felt the impact of hurricanes and floods, but even those not directly affected by extreme weather are paying a steep price:On May 13, the front page of the Sarasota Herald-Tribune trumpeted the news that State Farm Insurance, Floridas largest property insurer, w
17、as seeking to raise rates by more than 70%for houses and 95% for mobile homes. That would increase average insurance costs from about $1,733 to $3,101. But even if you live on Cape Cod - more than 1,000 miles from the Gulf Coast - insurers are raising rates and pulling out of some markets as they tr
18、y to adjust to a new world in which the past behavior of hurricanes is no longer a reliable guide to the future.Southern California - where water availability is largely determined by snowfall in far away mountains - already must scramble for water. Scarcities will become a severe problem if the sno
19、w pack continues to shrink and melt earlier because of warming temperatures, leaving residents extremely thirsty during the summer months. An extended water crisis will likely hurt house prices, setting off a chain reaction of job losses, foreclosures (回赎权取消) and bank failures.Drought in the West al
20、ready affects hydro-electric power production. Power shortages could reach the Pacific Northwest if the regions river flows dropped below the levels needed to cool even coal- and gas-fired power plants. For Americas workers, climate change will feel like an enormous tax, stripping savings and imposi
21、ng costs ranging from disrupted jobs to a rash of health threats.Climate Has Destroyed Past CivilizationsFrom the Fertile Crescent to the Yucatan Peninsula (尤卡坦半岛中美州北部) , past civilizations made the fatal mistake of assuming that good weather would continue. An abrupt shift to drought in Mesopotamia
22、 (美索不达米亚地区) 4,200 years ago probably spelled the doom of the Akkadian (古巴比伦点卡得人) culture, which united city-states into the first known empire. Others see the fingerprints of climate in the collapse of the Mayans (马雅人)around 900 AD, the disappearance of the Anasazi from the American Southwest a few
23、centuries later and the end of Norse expansion into the New World in the 14th century. A recurrent pattern of history has been for civilizations to take root and flourish while the weather is good, only to fall when the weather suddenly changes.But dont our technology and markets make us different?
24、Absolutely, but 6 billion people still rely on crops grown in fertile areas like the American Midwest - areas vulnerable to drought in a warming world.Past civilizations had no way to know that climates could change. We do. But if we are to prevent disaster from happening, we have to act on our know
25、ledge, and we havent done that yet.（分数：70.00）(1).The extreme weather we have experienced in the past decades resulted from the ever increasing global warming.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).The warming causes population explosions of mosquitoes as well as beetles, but it has been documented that the latter have
26、 done more damage to man than the former have.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).The fastest warming is taking place in the regions around the South Pole, where glaciers are disappearing at an astonishing speed.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).Scientists from many countries agree that the recent warming is caused in part by su
27、ch human activities as mans ever-increasing consumption of gas or oil.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).As the result of insurance rates rising nationwide, Americans as a whole are suffering financially, no matter whether they are directly affected by destructive weather or not.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).Snow and ice ca
28、n balance Earths climate by _, but the never-ending melting of snow and ice could cause land and oceans to switch from_to_surfaces.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).Water availability in Southern California is determined largely by _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).For Americans, changing weather already costs them money, an
29、d it will feel like_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).According to this article, the destruction of some ancient civilizations resulted, to a large extent from_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).In the authors view, with the aid of our knowledge and technology, we should have been able to prevent disaster from happening. Unf
30、ortunately we _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and
31、 the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.（分数：35.00）(1
32、). A. She is very much afraid. B. She has never heard of the place. C. She is not familiar with the place. D. She has never taken the bus before.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Two boys and a girl. B. Four boys and a girl. C. Two boys and three girls. D. Two boys and two girls.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Yes,
33、 he did. B. No, he didnt. C. Yes, he has. D. No, he hasnt.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. The rooms are better but not the service. B. The service is better but the rooms are dirty. C. It is even worse. D. Both the rooms and the service are better.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. She doesnt want to see the game; s
34、he prefers to stay at home. B. She thinks its going to be difficult to get tickets. C. She already has got tickets for both of them. D. Anyway, they can have the chance of watching the game on TV.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. Forty-five minutes. B. Fifteen minutes. C. Five minutes. D. Ten minut
35、es.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. The woman tells the man where to have a snack. B. The man wants to know how to get to Joes house. C. The woman tells the man how to get to a cinema. D. The man lost his way in the street.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Even though finals are over, they still have to study for a
36、few more weeks. B. Theyve been in school a few weeks. C. They are studying hard for their finals. D. The school year seemed to go by very quickly.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. To do some window-shopping. B. To do some shoppin
37、g with his girlfriend. C. To buy a birthday present for his girlfriend. D. To look for some gifts for his friends.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Buying a pair of gloves. B. Buying a scarf. C. Choosing a necklace. D. Choosing something nice and expensive.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Some cosmetics. B. Some jew
38、elry. C. Some candy. D. Some stylish clothes.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. To use a credit card for payment. B. To choose a suitable greeting card for him. C. To put in a greeting card with the gift. D. To get the present wrapped up.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you ha
39、ve just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Work. B. Study. C. Eat dinner. D. See a movie.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Working. B. Studying. C. Dancing. D. Eating.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. To complain about school. B. To explain working hours. C. To request help in finding books. D. To set a time to meet again.（分数：
40、7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear one question, you must choose the best answer from the four ch
41、oices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Every other day. B. Twice a week. C. Twice a day, D. Only during the summer.（分数：7.0
42、0）A.B.C.D.(2). A. The heat of the sun. B. The pull of the sun and the moon. C. The shape of the moon. D. The light of the moon.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. When the moon is directly over it. B. When the moon disappears over the horizon. C. When there is no tide. D. When there is a low tide.（分数：7.00）A.B.
43、C.D.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. Visiting friends. B. Taking pictures. C. Buying presents for his family. D. All of the above.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. A shirt. B. An alarm clock. C. A woolen sweater. D. A suitcase.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).
44、 A. Because he forgot one of his suitcases. B. Because he was asked to get off. C. Because he wanted to go out to smoke. D. Because he had lost his passport.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Alarm clocks are not allowed on board a plane. B. The man had a time bomb in his suitcase. C. The ticking of the alarm
45、 clock caused him a little trouble. D. The airline official and the police officer played a joke on him.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. There are basically two types of work. B. There are thousands of types of work. C.
46、There are many different kinds of work. D. There are only two basic jobs.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. It gives you only a small income. B. It offers good wages but no interest. C. It gives you a lot of responsibility but not much money. D. It is unrewarding in every way.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. He feels
47、 the factory girl should earn more. B. He envies the factory girl. C. He feels his own salary is far too much. D. He feels work in a factory is absurd.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43with the exact words you have just heard, For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are re
