1、大学四级-86 及答案解析(总分：706.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.目前某市政府在媒体上曝光不文明的市民 2. 人们对这种做法反应不一 3. 你的看法（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, ch
2、oose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.100 Candles on Her Next Cake, and Three Rs to Get Her ThereEsther Tuttle is nearing the end of the 10th decade of a remarkably productive and adventurou
3、slife. If all continues to go as well as it has to date, next July 1 she will join the rapidly growing groupof centenarians (a person who is 100 years old or older), whose numbers in the United States haveincreased to 96,548 in 2009 from 38,300 in 1990, according to the Census Bureau.At age 92, Mrs.
4、 Tuttle (best known as Faity, her childhood nickname) wrote a memoir (回忆录)with the title “No Rocking Chair for Me“ displaying an acute memory of events, names, dates andplaces that she retains as she approaches 100.At 30 years her junior, I couldnt begin to recall the kinds of details that remain fl
5、esh in her stillvery active mind. I can only hope, should I live that long, to be as vibrant and physically fit as she is.What, I asked, is the secret to her long life? Is it genetics? Perhaps, but its hard to say. Herparents died at ages 42 and 50, leaving her an orphan at age 11, along with a brot
6、her and two sisters,one of whom did live to 96.Genes do play a role in longevity. Dr. Nir Barzilai, a geneticist at the Albert Einstein Collegeof Medicine in New York, reports that centenarians are 20 times as likely as the average person tohave a long-lived relative. But a Swedish study of identica
7、l twins separated at birth and reared apartconcluded that only about 20 to 30 percent of longevity is genetically determined. Lifestyle seems tobe the more dominant factor.As Mrs. Tuttle said in loud and clear tones that didnt show her advanced age: “Youve got towork, be cheerful and look for someth
8、ing fun to do. Its a whole attitude.“If you respect what the doctors tell you to do, you can live a long life, but you have to do it.“Her memoir and replies to my questions revealed three critical attributes that might be dubbedlongevitys version of the three Rs: resolution, resourcefulness and resi
9、lience. Throughout her longlife, shes taken hardships in stride and converted many into building blocks. And she has stuckfirmly to a set of rules of a careful diet, hard work, regular exercise and a very long list of communityservice, all while raising three children.Like many if not most other cen
10、tenarians, according to the findings of the New EnglandCentenarian Study at Boston University, Mrs. Tuttle is an extrovert who has many friends, a healthydose of self-respect and strong ties to family and community. She continues to enjoy her youthfulpassions for the theater and opera.A study of cen
11、tenarians in Sardinia found that they tend to be physically active, have extensivesocial networks and maintain strong ties with family and friends. They are also less likely to bedepressed than the average 60-year-old.Do optimists live longer than pessimists? Yes, studies indicate. Dr. Hilary A. Tin
12、dle of theUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center, found that among 97,000 women followed for eight years,those believed to be optimistic were significantly less likely to die from heart disease and all causesthan were pessimistic women.The optimists were also less likely to have high blood pressure
13、, diabetes(糖尿病) or highcholesterol, suggesting they take better care of their health. Indeed, the pessimists were more likely tobe overweight, smoke cigarettes and avoid exercise, indicating, Dr. Tindle says, that negative thinkersmake poorer lifestyle choices than positive thinkers.A Walking Exampl
14、eFaity Tuttle could serve as a model for that studys findings. Each morning, she does an hourof yoga (瑜伽) and other floor exercises, then dresses and goes out on the street or to the top of herManhattan apartment building for a half-hour walk before breakfast. Her usual breakfast: orangejuice, cerea
15、l, a banana and black coffee. Then she works at her desk, mostly corresponding with her11 grandchildren, 21 great grandchildren and one great-great-grandchild, now 3. “So many birthdays -one or two a month,“ she said.Lunch may be soup or meat, a slice of toast, with tea and fruit for dessert. The af
16、ternoon includesan hours nap and another walk, often combined with grocery shopping.Dinner is home-cooked, of perhaps lamb, pork chops or roast chicken. Mrs. Tuttle, whosehusband, Ben, died in 1988, lives with a dear friend, Allene Hatch, 84, an artist and authoraffectionately known as Squeaky, with
17、 whom she shares work in the kitchen.Stay-at-home evenings are spent reading or watching “a good movie“ on television, she said.Mrs. Tuttle recently gave up a lifelong passion for horseback riding, but she still drives, thoughnot on public roads, only on a 300-acre farm in northern New York that the
18、 Tuttles had the wisdomto acquire when land was cheap. Her children built homes on the property and now live there inretirement, providing Mrs. Tuttle with nearby loving company all summer and during the spring andfall weekends she spends at the farm.The Benefits of CopingAs good as her health is (n
19、o high blood pressure, high cholesterol or diabetes), it is not perfect.She describes herself as “an artificial woman from the waist up“, with an artificial breast to replace thecancerous one removed 20 years ago, a heart pacemaker installed about a decade ago, a hearing aidand contact lenses.Althou
20、gh she has rejected dairy foods for most of her life and follows a diet low in sugar and richin meats and fats, she was only recently found to have weak bones.Nor has she always enjoyed a rich lifestyle. Though born into an accomplished, well-to-dofamily, her parents early death (the children were t
21、aken in by an aunt with limited means) and herdecision to pursue an acting career led to a hardscrabble (拮据的) existence that persisted through theearly years of her marriage and life on a farm with three small children and no electricity. Accordingto one study, survivors of traumatic (创伤的) life even
22、ts learn to cope better with stress and povertyand are more likely to live to 100.Instead of trauma, there are many measures one can take to facilitate a long and productive life.Why live to 100 if those last years will be spoiled by physical and emotional misery?（分数：70.00）(1).What is said about peo
23、ple who are 100 years old or older in the United States? A. They are still capable of working. B. Their population increases rapidly. C. They pose as a burden to the family. D. They like taking adventures.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What do we know about Esther Tuttle at age 92? A. Her mind was still very
24、active. B. She suffered from memory loss. C. She became physically weak. D. She couldnt recall details of events.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does a Swedish study show? A. Parents play a key role in a Childs longevity. B. People with religious belief usually live longer. C. The way of life contributes
25、most to longevity. D. The length of life is strongly linked with genes.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The New England Centenarian Study at Boston University finds that_. A. centenarians are more likely to get depressed B. most people over 100 have a happy family life C. old people are not interested in social
26、 activities D. many centenarians enjoy being with other people（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Dr. Hilary A. Tindle suggested in his study that_. A. women are more likely to live a long life compared with men B. negative thinkers have a healthier way of living than positive thinkers C. optimistic people care le
27、ss about their health than pessimistic people D. people who think positively live longer than those thinking negatively（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).One thing that Faity Tuttle does each morning is_. A. having food rich in fat B. phoning with her family C. taking some physical activity D. doing some grocery
28、shopping（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).What do we know about Mrs. Tuttles farm in northern New York? A. It belongs to her children now. B. It was bought at a low price. C. She enjoys a happy retirement there. D. She used to ride horses there.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).With no high blood pressure or diabetes, Mrs. T
29、uttles health can be regarded as good but not_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).After her parents passed away, Mrs. Tuttle lived with her aunt who is of_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).One study showed that those living through traumatic life events are better able to deal with_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0
30、.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the endof each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversationand the questions will be spoken only once. After each question
31、there will be a pause. During thepause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the bestanswer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. （分数：35.00）(1). A. Catch a later train. B. Ask the hotel staff for help. C. Wake
32、 up as early as he can. D. Put the telephone near the bed.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Some beef from the supermarket. B. Some milk from the supermarket. C. Some stamps from the post office. D. A parcel from the post office.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. He needs to make phone calls to his friends. B. His pho
33、ne was disconnected outside the country. C. Using the email will decrease his telephone expenses. D. His friends would rather hear his sound on the phone.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. In Chicago. B. In Boston. C. In Washington. D. In Manchester.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. To take his philosophy course. B. T
34、o switch to the Honors section. C. To ask about her grades in papers and exams. D. To hear his suggestions for graduate courses.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. He doesnt want Jenny to get into trouble. B. He doesnt agree with the womans remark. C. He thinks Jennys workload too heavy at college. D
35、. He believes most college students are running wild.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. No news is good news. B. The mans family has forgotten him. C. The woman works in the post office. D. The man expects to hear from his family.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The cause of the flood. B. The effects of the flood. C.
36、 Floods of the past twenty years. D. The heroic fight against a flood.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. Policeman and driver. B. Program host and guest. C. Poll taker and passenger. D. Politician and supporter.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2
37、). A. When on normal duty. B. Whenever they go out. C. When chasing a drug smuggler. D. When chasing an armed criminal.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Absolutely agree. B. Partly agree. C. Absolutely disagree. D. Partly disagree.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Britain should join the EEC earlier. B. It is necessa
38、ry for Britain to stay in. C. It is difficult for Britain to live in the EEC. D. Britain should try to benefit from the EEC.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. He failed in a power test yesterday. B. He never expected himself to be
39、 happy. C. It was because of his fathers fault. D. He missed about 30 minutes of a program.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. His mothers use of the washing machine. B. His fathers turning on the microwave oven. C. His long hours of watching TV. D. The switch on of two air-conditioners.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A
40、. Watch a ball game on TV. B. Take part in a basketball final. C. Ask his neighbor to check the power. D. Not use any electric appliances any more.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, youwill hear some
41、 questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the
42、passage you have just heard, （分数：28.00）(1). A. He lost his father when he was young. B. He worked hard before he read his fathers letter. C. He asked his fathers permission to believe in himself. D. He knew what his father wanted to do from the very beginning.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Living alone. B
43、. Getting disappointed. C. Letting their parents down. D. Asking their parents for letters.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. He got no access to success. B. He was sure his parents loved him. C. He wrote back to his father at 12. D. He once asked his father about the letter.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. To descri
44、be childrens thinking. B. To answer some questions children have. C. To stress the importance of communication. D. To advise parents to encourage their children.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Do more physical labor. B. Try to find
45、a car immediately. C. Take a space blanket with you. D. Walk as far as possible to find help.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. If they stay in a snow-covered area. B. If they do not keep themselves warm. C. If they do not take enough equipment. D. If they stay in the middle of the mountain.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(
46、3). A. Dont travel by yourself. B. Dont get frightened in danger. C. Mountain traveling is dangerous. D. Avoid going to unfamiliar places.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. 86 were injured, 22 dead. B. 22 were injured, 86 dead. C. No o
47、ne was injured or dead. D. Only the head engineer was injured.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Chemicals, lumber and cattle. B. Lumber, automobiles and cattle. C. Chemicals, automobiles and cattle. D. Chemicals, lumber and automobiles.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. They caught them on the spot. B. They discovered
48、 them on the video. C. They got clues from some witnesses. D. They found some evidence at the scene.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for thefirst time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the secondtime, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to
